Classification

Classification Scheme

How many kingdoms?

    Lumpers v. Splitters 5 Kingdoms: Monera (now archaebacteria & eubacteria), Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia

6 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia

8 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Archenzoa, Chromista, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia

Virus? Where does it fit in?

   A Virus treads the fine line that separates living and nonliving things Viruses need a host cell (bacteria, plant or animal) to live in and reproduce Ex: AIDS, Herpes, Hepatitis C, Smallpox, West Nile Virus, Ebola. SARS, Flu, Foot & Mouth Disease

Archaebacteria

       Domain: Archaea Prokaryotes Unicellular Have Cell Walls Autotrophic or Heterotrophic Anaerobic (does not require oxygen) EX: Halophiles/ Thermophiles/ Methanogens

Eubacteria

        Domain: Bacteria Prokaryote Unicellular Has Cell Walls Autotroph or Heterotroph Aerobic or anaerobic Examples: e coli, strep, cyanobacteria, Treated with antibiotics

Protists

       Domain: Eukarya Eukaryotic Both Unicellular and Multicellular Some have cell walls Both Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Aerobic Examples: Amoeba, Euglena, Volvox, Algae

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FUNGUS

Domain: Eukarya Decomposers Eukaryotic Both Unicellular and Multicellular Cell walls made of chitin Heterotrophic Aerobic Examples:  Next page

FUNGUS

Decomposers     Common Molds: Mildew, Bread mold Sac Fungi: Yeast, Powdery Mildew Club Fungi: Mushrooms Imperfect Fungi: Athletes Foot, Ringworm

Plant Kingdom general characteristics       Domain: Eukarya Eukaryotic Mutlicellular Cell walls made of cellulose Autotrophic Aerobic

Plant Kingdom general characteristics   Has 12 major DIVISIONS 

The plant kingdom uses divisions rather than phyla

Plants have three main parts  Roots: anchor plant   Stems: transport materials Leaves: site of photosynthesis (in chloroplasts) MAKES THE FOOD!!

 Examples: next page

Non-vascular Divisions    Liverwarts Hornwarts Mosses  Small, low to the ground   MUST have moisture to reproduce Decomposer

Vascular W/O seeds     Whisk Ferns Club Mosses Horse Tails Ferns  Largest group of vascular plants  Alternation of generations

Vascular With Seeds     Gnetae Cycads Ginkgoes  Have male and female trees Conifers (gymnosperms)   Grow very large & old Have needles and cones

flowering plants

   Have flowers Produce Fruit Large variety

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The Animal Kingdom

Domain: Eukarya Eukaryotic Multicellular NO cell walls Heterotrophic Aerobic Examples:  Next pages

Porifera/Sponges

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Sponges

Lack Specialized Tissues Filter Feeders Sessile (cannot move) Asymmetry Environmental Indicators

Cnidarians

   Stinging Cells Radial Symmetry Examples: Coral, hydra, sea anemone, jelly fish

Platyhelminthes-Flatworms

   Bilateral Symmetry Unsegmented/Flat EX: Planarians, Tapeworms & Flukes

Nematoda-Roundworms

  Round, Unsegmented bodies Ex: ascaris(hookworms & pinworms), wuchereria bancrofti

Mollusks

   EX: Snails, slugs, Scallops & Squids Soft body protected by a hard shell Mantle, Foot & Visceral Mass

Annelids-Segmented Worms

   EX; Earthworms, leeches & polychaetes Segments, true coelomates Most are hermaphroditic

Arthropods--- So many!!!!!!

    MOST DIVERSE ANIMAL PHYLUM Segmented bodies Jointed Appendages Exoskeleton made of Chiton

Crustaceans

  2 body parts EX: Crayfish, Crabs, Lobsters, Pillbugs & Shrimp

Arachnids

    8 legs & pedipalps No antennae Compound eyes Spiders & Scorpions

   Antennae 6 legs Diverse

-Insects-----

Echinoderms

    Spiny Skin Water Vascular System Radial Symmetry EX: Seastars, Sea Cucumbers, Brittle Stars, Sand Dollars

Chondrichthes

  Cartilage Fish Sharks & Rays

  Bony Fish Puffer fish, carp, salmon

Osteichthyes

Amphibians

   Lives on water & Land 3 Chamber heart Eggs must stay damp

Reptiles

   Rough Skin Amniotic Egg Ex: Snakes, Lizards & Crocodiles

Birds

 Warm Blooded  Flight  Feathers?

Marsupials

 Pouches

Monotremes Duck-Billed Platypus & Spiny Ant Eater  Egg-Laying Mammals 

Placental Mammals •Carry young in utero

TaDa The End