Transcript 1.英语中考复习课件--从句

Let’s enjoy the song
Michael Jackson
大亚湾区第二中学
罗粤辉
Task: find out some complex sentences
Heal The World——Michael Jackson
（开头的陈述）
Think about on the generations
and say we want to make it a better place
for our children and our children's children.
So that they know it's a better world for them.
And think they can make it a better place.
英语中考专项复习
复合句
宾语从句
Object Clauses
复合句
定语从句
Attributive Clauses
状语从句
Adverbial Clauses
指出下列各从句的类型：
I hope that everything is
all right.
She was reading the
newspaper when I came in.
She is the girl who sings
best of all.
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从
句
宾语从句
• Tom told me （that） he was
watching the football match .
• Can you tell me which class you are
in？
• I wonder whether / if he can come
on time .
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，
what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when
引导的宾语从句
由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句
A) Introduced by that
主句的谓语动词是say, think, tell, know, hear,
see, feel, mean, hope, wish, remember, forget等
时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid, glad,
sure, sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接
that引导的宾语从句。
e.g. He says (that) he wants to speak to the teacher.
I’m afraid (that) he isn’t here right now.
宾语从句
由that引导的宾语从句 , that无意义可省略
1. I hear (that)
he will be back in an hour
.
（一小时后他会回来）
2. He said (that)
they missed us very much
.
（他非常想念我们）
3. The teacher told us (that)
the earth travels round the sun
.
（地球围着太阳转）
Back
B) Introduced by relative pronouns and adverbs
（连接代词和连接副词）
1.宾语从句可由连接代词what, who, whom, which等引
导, 不能省略。
Do you know who will come this afternoon?
Did you hear what he said?
I don’t know whose that is.
Could you tell me which park we have to go to?
2. 宾语从句可由连接副词when, where, how, why等引导，
它们在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略。
We didn’t know when she would come back.
Could you tell me how I can get to the post office?
No one knows why she is late again.
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
1. Who are they waiting for? Do you know?
Do you know ____
who ____
they ____
are waiting for?
2. When will we have a meeting? I asked.
when ____
we would
I asked ____
____ have a meeting.
3. Where did Mr Zhang buy the robot?
I’d like to know ______________________
where Mr Zhang bought
the robot
_____________
.
Back
c) Introduced by if/whether
if/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词，意为“是否”，一
般情况下可以互换。如：
1. Will he go to the park with us?
he will
I want to know if/whether
________ ____
___ go to the
park with us.
2. Have you finished your homework?
I ____
had
My mother asked if/whether
_________ ___
finished my homework.
Note: 只用whether的几种情况：
1. 在介词后
I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.
2. 与or not连用时
I don’t know whether they will come to help
us or not.
3. 宾语从句提前时只能用whether
Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
4.whether后可以接动词不定式
We don’t know whether to go there tomorrow .
Back
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
e.g.
1. I want to know
if (whether) he will go to the park with us .
__________________________________
（他是否跟我们一起去公园）
whether (if) he can come. （他是否能来）
2. Ask him _____________________
whether it is going to rain
3. I don’t know __________________________
or not .
（是否要下雨）
Back
关于宾语从句的时态对应
主句
从句
1、一般现在时
A.过去的某一种时态
2、一般过去时
B.根据句意选择时态
注意:当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然
现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制
wants
He says that he ______to
see him as soon as possible. (want)
He said that he wanted
______to see him as soon as possible. (want)
rises in the east. (rise)
The teacher told us that the sun ____
小结
that
1、_________
引导陈述句。
2、__________引导特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问词
if/whether
3、__________引导一般疑问句。
4、宾语从句要用__________语序。
陈述句
5、主句、从句时态要对应。
点击中考
1. The teacher asked the students _____.
A
A. if they were interested in dinosaurs
B. when was he born
C. what they will do with the computers
D. how many trees they have planted
(04年南京）
考点分析: 主句的时态为一般过去时
B 项从句没有用陈述句语序
CD 项从句的时态与主句不一致
2. ----Could you tell me ____________?
A
----About two hours .
A. how long it takes to fly to Guilin
B. how long it took to fly to Guilin
C. how long does it take to fly to Guilin
D. how long did it take to fly to Guilin
(05年南京)
考点分析: 主句中could表示委婉的语气，不
是一般过去时。
从句要用陈述句语序。
3. I’ll give a talk tomorrow. I’m thinking
A
about ________.
A. what to say
B. how to say
C. what can I say
D. how can I say
(05年苏州)
c
4.---Do you know _____about China?
---The people and the food.
A. if Jim likes
B. how does Jim like
C. what Jim likes
D. why does Jim like
(04年盐城)
宾语从句中考题练兵：
( A ) 1. Will you please tell me
? (上海)
A. where Pudong Airport is
B. how far Pudong Airport was
C. how can we get to Pudong Airport
D. when was Pudong Airport built
( A) 2. It’s not polite to ask people
in England. (常州)
A. how much money you have got
B. what the weather is like
C. what your city looks like
D. how old are you
( C) 3. Our geography teacher told us that Japan
of China.(河北)
A. is in
B. was in C. is to
D. was to
the east
( B) 4. Mr. Green told me that he
on a trip next Sunday.
(通化)
A. are going
B. was going
C. will go
D. would going
( C )5. I wonder if he
tonight. If he
, I’ll let you
know. (扬州)
A. will come; will come
B. comes; comes
C. will come; comes
D. comes; will come
( D ) 6. Nobody knows
he’ll come or not. (辽宁)
A. that
B. if
C. /
D. whether
Choose the right answers
( A ) 1. The visitor wants to know____ from
Huizhou to Guangzhou.
A. how far it is
B. how far is it
C. how long it is
D. how long is it
( A) 2. Could you tell me________?
A . who you are waiting for
B. who were you waiting for
C. where you live in
( B ) 3. Do you still remember_______?
A. that he said
B. what he said
C. what did he say
( C ) 4. He asked me ________ during the summer holiday.
A. where had I gone
B. where I had gone
C. where I had been
定语从句
The old lady who lives next to us sells books.
You should do all that I said.
I have found the teacher whom I am looking for .
I visited the factory where my father works.
1.从句位置及语序:
先行词之后,用陈述式语序
2.翻译方法:
“….的”
3.构成
关系代词和关系副词
一 、who, whom, whose引导的定语从句
1. who 在从句中作主语，不可省略，先行词必须是人。
e.g. This is the doctor who came her yesterday.
2. whom在从句中作宾语，先行词必须是人，可以省略。
e.g. The man (whom) you saw last week has left the town.
3. whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰的
先行词既可是人也可是物。
e.g. I know the woman whose husband is a doctor.
He lives in the house whose window faces south
介词+关系代词的情况 1
The man
whom you spoke to was a scientist.
The city
which she lives in is far away.
介词+关系代词的情况 2
Are these two sentences right?
The man
The city
who/whom
you spoke to was a scientist.
×
that/which
she
lives
in is far away.
×
二、that, which引导的定语从句
这两个代词均指物，它们所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词是
物,通常情况下，它们可以互换。
1. that, which在从句中作主语，不可省略。
e.g. Hero is the film that/which was directed by Zhang Yimou.
2. that, which在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
e.g. Is this the film (that/which) you talked about last week?
注意：关系代词在作介词宾语时，只能用which且不能省略。
e.g. The house in which he once lived is a meeting-room.
= The house (which) he once lived in is a meeting-room.
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况
(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing,
everything, anything 等不定代词时。如：
All that he said is true.
(2) 先行词被only, no, any, all等词修饰
时。例如：
He is the only foreigner that has been to
that place.
(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的
词。例如：He was the second (person)
that told me the secret.
(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高
级修饰的词。
This is the best book (that) I have read this
year.
(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：
He talked about the people and the things
(that) he remembered.
三、关系副词where, when, why引导的定语从句
（在从句中作状语）
1. where表地点
e.g. This is the village where he was born.
c.f. This is the village (that/which) he visited last year.
2. when表时间
e.g. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League.
c.f. I’ll never forget the day (that/which) we spent together.
3. why表原因
e.g. The reason why he didn’t come yesterday is quite clear.
summary 定语从句的关系词
人（主语）
who / that
物（主语/宾语）which / that
人（宾语）
whom /who / that
谁的
whose
时间
when (介词+which)
地点
where (介词+which)
原因
why ( for which)
如果介词提前关系代词做介词宾语时, 只用
which, whom
如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略
• 指物，只用 which
• 指人,只用whom
下列情况只能用that
1 序数词或最高级adj修饰先行词时
2 all, everything, nobody 等不定代
词作先行词时
点击中考
C is reading under the tree ___
1. The girl ____
my sister.
(04年无锡)
A.which; is
B. whom; was
C. who; is
D. who; was
B
2. The police caught the man _____
stole my
handbag.
(03年扬州)
A. He B. that C. whom D. which
Fill in the blanks with who, which, that:
1.The people __________
who/ that visited our school
yesterday are from Canada.
2.They planted the trees __________
which/ that don’t
need much water at present.
3.The girl ____________
has left is my
who/ that
favourite singer.
4. The horse _____________
which/ that is under the tree
belongs to John.
5.This film which/
____________
that you are watching
now is directed by Stephen Chow.
定语从句练习
A my mother bought yesterday.
1. This is the bag _____
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. this
2. The man _____
c lives next to us is my English
teacher.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. /
3. The girl _____
A you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that
B. whose
C. which
D. as
定语从句练习
D I have read.
4. This is the best book _____
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. /
C
5. This is the only article of these that _____
written by him.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
B was here just now is a doctor.
6 The man _____
A. whom
B. who
C. /
D. he
定语从句练习
B we’ll never
7. October 1,1949 is the day _____
forget.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. in which
B the
8. October 1,1949 was the day _____
People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. in which
9. Is this the shop _____
A sells children’s clothing?
A. which
B. where
C. in which
D. what
定语从句练习
( B ) 10. The number of people
as many as 250,000.
A. which
B. who
lost homes reached
C. whom
D. /
( D )11. This is the most beautiful part
visited.
I have
A. which; ever B. that; never
C. which; yet D. that; ever
( A ) 12. My necklace is not the only thing
missing.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. /
is
定语从句练习
( D) 13. The book
A. which
( C ) 14 The place
A. which
cover is red is Tom’s.
B. that
C. /
D. whose
I grew up is a beautiful town.
B. that
C. where
D. from which
( D ) 15. I don’t think the number of people
happens is very large.
A. who
B. to which
C. that
( A)16. Is that the novel about
yesterday?
A. which
B. that
this
D. to whom
they talked in class
C. who
D. /
状语从句
状语从句
条件
连
词
if, unless(if not)（除非）
让步
although, though, even though/if(即使)
结果
so / such … that（如此…以致…）
目的
so that (为了，以便)
时间
when/ while/ as, before, after, till/ until，
since (自从), as soon as (一… 就)
原因
because, as, since, for
If you don’t work hard, you will not get
good marks.
Unless you work hard, you will not get
good marks.
选用if , unless填空。
1. I will tell him ____
if he comes.
2. ___
If he doesn’t come before 12 o’clock, we
won’t wait for him.
unless
3. You will not be successful __________ you
work hard.
unless it rains.
4. We will go on a picnic ______
返回
注意： even though带有强调的意味，语气较强。
although, though语气较弱，although 比
though 正式。
它们既可以放在句前也可以放在句中。
它们不可以与but同时使用。
She went on with her work ________
although she was
very tired.
________ she has a lot of money, she is unhappy.
Although
返回
so + adj./adv. + that
such + n.ph. + that
e.g.
Everything there was so beautiful that I wanted to
live in it.
Hello Kitty danced so beautifully that everyone
screamed.
Mary is such a helpful girl that everyone likes her.
返回
so that （为了，以便）目的状语从句
(so that之后通常用can, will, could, 或 may
等动词)
1. I am going to show him some famous Hu
Tongs so that he can learn more about China.
2. Please read it louder so that everybody can
hear.
3. He takes a lot of photos wherever he goes
so that he can tell his family and friends
about China.
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选用when, while, as 填空
while the
1. We were clapping our hands ________
performers were marching across the park.
2. While/As/When
______________Millie was watching TV,
Andy opened the door.
when Dad
3. Mum was writing a postcard ________
came back.
When/As Millie sat down on the sofa,
4. ___________
Andy came into the room.
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选用before, after, until/till 填空
Before
• _______the
awards start, we will interview
some of the most famous stars.
until/till
• You won’t find out the answer ___________the
end of the film.
• You will realize how much danger these tigers
face _______
after you watch the programmes.
Until the end of the film, you won’t find out
• _______
the answer.
until/till 5 p. m. yesterday.
• I played football __________
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翻译句子
1. 我自从30年前离开学校以来，就在这儿工作。
I have worked here ________________________
since I left school
30 years ago.
2. 他参军已20年了。 (since)
It is 20 years since he joined the army.
____________________________________________
3. 她一到家，我就给你打电话。
I will call you _________________
she gets home.
as soon as
返回
because 语气最强。直接的理由。它所引导的从句，通常
因为
放在主句之后。
I do it because I like it.
since
既然
语气较弱。所表示的原因，是指人们已知的事实。
Since we got all wet, we needed to change our
clothes.
as
由于
语气更弱，较口语化。所表示的原因比较明显，
或是已知事实。它所引导的从句，多放在主句之
前。As it’s raining hard, let’s stay at home.
for
因为
表示的原因只是对前一分句补充理由或推断原因，
它与前一分句不存在因果关系。它所引导的分句
只能放在句子后部。常用于书面语。
She could not have seen me, for I was not there.
返回
点击中考
1.---Did you see the traffic accident yesterday?
---Yes. it happened when I ______
past the
D
museum.
(05年苏州)
A. walk
B. am walking
C. will walk
D. was walking
2. We asked the policeman the way and he
told us to walk straight on ______
we reached
C
the restaurant.
(05年常州)
A. whenever B. however C. until D. while
3. Liu Xiang still spends a lot of time training
A
_______
he has broken the Olympic record.
A. though B. but C. because (05年淮安)
4. --- Time to go to bed, Mary.
C
--- Oh, Mum, I won’t go to bed ______
I
have finished my homework. (05年宿迁)
A. after B. since C. until D. as soon as
C up earlier, he can finish the
5. If Mike _____
work in time. (05年海门)
A. get B. will get C. gets D. is getting