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Chapter 10 First Homecoming (1887-1888) Decision to return home

: To operate on his mother’s eyes 2. To serve his people • 3. To find out the effect of his novel • 4. To inquire about Leonor Rivera

Delightful Trip to Manila

- Djemnah with 50 passengers on board

Saigon

-July 30-transferred to Haiphong (Manila bound)

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Arrival in Manila

August 5, stayed to visit friends but found Manila the same since he left 5 years ago.

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Happy Homecoming

Established a clinic (P5000 med. Fees) - Opened a gymnasium and introduced European sports - Failed to see Leonor Rivera •

Storm Over the Noli

- Gov. Emilio Terrero- liberal minded gov.-gen.

• • Jesuit priests (Fr. Sanchez, Bech and Faura) “Everything in it was the truth, but you may lose your head for it” • Lt. Jose Taviel de Andrade – assigned as bodyguard of Dr. Rizal

Enemies of Noli:

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Msgr. Pedro Payo (Mla. Archbishop)

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Fr. Gregorio Echavarria of UST for examination “ Heretical, impious, and scandalous in religious order and anti patriotic, subversive of public order , injurious to the government of Spain and its function in the Phil. islands in the political order”

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Permanent Commission of Censorship

Fr. Salvador Font (Agustinian cura of Tondo) “that the importation, reproduction and circulation of the pernicious book in the islands be absolutely prohibited”

Effect:

- Only served to make it popular - Read the Noli behind closed doors despite of the government prohibition - Price of Noli soared high from five pesetas to 50 pesos(Letter to Fernando Canon )

• Attackers of the Noli: -Fr. Salvador Font (Printed his report and distributed copies to discredit the controversial novel) - Fr. Jose Rodriguez (published a series of eight pamphlets under Cuestiones de Sumo Interest to blast the Noli) 1. Why should I not read them?

2. Beware of them, Why?

3. And what can you tell me of the plague?

4. Why do the impious triumph?

5. Do you think there is really no purgatory?

6. Is there or is there no hell?

7. Confession or damnation?

• General Jose Salmanca • Gen. Luis M. Pando • Sr. Vida • Vicente Barrantes (Spanish Academician, criticized the Noli in La Espana Moderna)

Defenders of Noli:

• Marcelo H. del Pilar, Dr. antonio Ma. Regidor, Graciano LopezJaena, Mariano Ponce and other Filipino reformists • Fr.Sanchez

• Don Segismundo Moret (Former Minister of crown)

• Dr, Miguel Morayta • Prof. Blumentritt • Rev. Vicente Garcia (priest-scholar of Manila Cathedral, under the penname Justo Desiderio Ma galang –Imitation of Christ) Blasted the arguments of Fr. Rodrigues as follows: 1. Rizal cannot become an “ignorant man”.

2. Rizal did not attack the Church and Spain.

3. Fr. Rodriguez said that those who read the Noli commit, a mortal sin: since he read the novel, therefore he also commits a mortal sin.

 Rizal defended his Novel against Barrantes

• Rizal and Andrade “ Rizal was refined, educated, and gentlemanly. The hobbies that most interested him were hunting, fencing, shooting, painting, and hiking….” • Marred Rizal’s happy days in Calamba: 1. The death of Olimpia 2. The groundless tales circulated by his by his enemies • Calamba’s Agrarian Trouble: Findings of Rizal which the tenants signed and three officials: 1.

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The Dominicans owned the town of Calamba Arbitrary increase of land rentals Owners never contributed for the celebration of the town fiests, education, and improvement of agriculture Tenants were dispossessed of lands for flimsy grounds High rates were collected

• Farewell to Calamba: Gov. Gen Terrerro advised Rizal to “leave” the Philippines -Compelled to leave Calamba for three reasons: 1. His presence in Calamba was jeopardizing the safety and happiness of his family and friends 2. He could fight better and serve his country’s cause by writing in foreign countries