Transcript ANFIS 1 osteology 3

I
II
ICS
III
IV
V
Bones of The
Limbs
dr. Dea Amanda
The Axial & Appendicular Skeleton
Figure 5.6
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Slide
5.20b
Bones of the Upper Limbs
Tdd:
• Gelang bahu:
clavicula, scapula
Cingulum
pectorale
brachialis
fs: melekatkan tlg lengan
ke rangka axial
• Bones of free upper
limb
– Humerus (brachialis)
– Radius & ulna (ante
brachii)
– Carpal, metacarpals,
& phalanges (manus)
antebrachium
manus
Clavicula..
Clavicula (D)
Facies articularis
acromialis
Facies articularis
sternalis
Corpus claviculae
Tampak atas
= collar bone
• “S” shaped, medial 2/3 convex forward & lateral 1/3
convex backward
• Batas:
– Medial: sternum
– Lateral: acromion
Scapula..
Margo
superior
= tulang belikat
Borders (3)
• Margo Superior:
mengarah ke ujung bahu
– Prosesus coracoideus:
Margo
medialis
Proc.
coracoideus
tonjolan brbtk kait, fs:
tempat prlekatan otot ddg
dada & lengan
• Margo Lateralis
mengarah ke lengan
• Margo Medialis
paralel dg columna
vertebralis
Margo
lateralis
c
d
Surfaces (2)
• Facies Anterior (a)
(=costalis)
b
• Facies Posterior (b):
– spina scapulae (c)
awal di margo vert,
melebar saat dkt bahu,
mjd:
– acromion (d)
artikulasi dg clavicula
a
Humerus..
Anterior:
• Upper end:
– caput humeri (a)msk
ke dlm fossa glenoidalis
skapula,
– collum anatomicum (b),
– collum chirurgicum (c)
– tuberculum majus &
minus
a
b
c
d
Humerus (D)
Tampak anterior
Humerus..
a
b
Anterior:
• Corpus humeri:
c
• Lower end:
d
– tuberositas deltoidea (d)
perlekatan otot deltoid
– epicondylus lateralis (e)
& medialis (f)
– fossa coronoidea (g),
– fossa radialis (h)
– Condylus humeri (i)
Humerus (D)
Tampak anterior
f
e
i
Humerus..
Posterior
• Upper end: idem
• Lower end:
epicondylus lateralis &
medialis, fossa
olecrani (*)
*
f
e
Radius..
• Upper end:
– caput radii,
– collum radii,
– tuberositas radii perlekatan otot
bisep
• Lower end:
– processus styloideus (lateral),
– facies articularis carpalis (inferior)
Fracture of the distal end of
the radius..
Ulna..
• Upper end:
– olecranon (a)
– Processus coronoideus
(b)
– Incisura radialis (c)
a
c
b
• Lower end
– Processus styloideus
ulnae (d)
– caput ulnae (e)
e
d
Carpal bones (8)
• Proximal: (lateral medial) scaphoid,
lunate, triquetral & pisiform
• Distal row : (lateral  medial) trapezium,
trapezoid, capitate and hamate
Metacarpal bones (5)
• Numbered one to five from thumb to little
finger
• Structure of each―base (proximally),
shaft, and head (distally)
Phalanges of fingers (14)
• Consist of 14 ―two for first digit (thumb)
and three for each of other four digits
• Structure of each ―base (proximally),
shaft, and trochlea of phalanx (distally),
tuberosity of distal phalanx
Bones of the Lower Limbs
Composition:
• Gelang panggul
(=cingulum pelvicum):
os coxae
• Bones of free lower
limb:
–
–
–
–
Femur in thigh
Patella (genu)
Tibia & fibula (cruris)
Tarsals, metatarsals,
phalanges (pedis)
Hip Bone (=cingulum pelvis)
= os coxae
• Tdd 3 tulang (fused):
– os ilium, os ischium, os pubis
• Fungsi:
– Transmisi BB ke tungkai bwh
– Melindungi organ2 pelvis &
abdomen
• Artikulasi:
– Anterior: simfisis pubis
– Posterior: dg sakrum
HIP BONE
• Ilium
– Membentuk 2/5 bag.
Acetabulum (a)
– Lempeng tulang lebar
– Batas atas: crista iliaca
– Ujung ant.krista: spina iliaka
anterior superior (SIAS) b
– Ujung post.krista: spina iliaka
posterior superior  c
a
Os
ilium
b
c
• Ischium
– Membentuk 2/5 bag. acetabulum
(posterior & inferior)
Os
pubis
– Menyangga saat duduk
– Ramus of ischium(a), ischial
tuberosity(b)
• Pubis
– Membentuk 1/5 bag. acetabulum
(anterior & inferior)
– Menyatu dg pasangannya di simfisis
pubis
Tdd:
– Ramus superior & inferior mbentuk
foramen obturatorium (#)
b
Os
ischium
#
a
Femur..
=tulang paha
Terpanjang
Terkuat
Terberat
Femur (D)
Tampak anterior
Femur (D)
Tampak posterior
Femur.. (2)
c
a
b
• Ujung proximal:
–
–
–
–
c
Caput femoris (a)
collum femoris (b)
trochanter mayor (c)
trochanter minor (d)
d
e
• Corpus femoris:
– Linea aspera (e)
(post)
Femur (D)
Tampak anterior
Femur (D)
Tampak posterior
Femur.. (3)
• Ujung distal:
– Condylus medialis
(a) & lateralis (b),
– facies patellaris
(c) (anterior),
– fossa
intercondylaris (d)
(post)
– facies poplitea (e)
d
c
e
b
a
Femur (D)
Tampak anterior
Femur (D)
Tampak posterior
Fracture of the femoral
neck..
Patella..
= tempurung lutut
• triangular
• Bagian:
–
–
–
–
Basis patella
Apex patella
Facies anterior
Facies articularis
Tungkai Bawah..
Tibia
Tdd:
• Tibia
– Medial
– > besar
– Menyangga berat badan
• Fibula
– Lateral
– ≠ Ikut menopang berat
badan
– Fs: menambah area u/
perlekatan otot
Fibula
Tibia..
b
a
• Proximal:
– Kondilus medialis (a)
– Kondilus lateralis (b)
– Tuberositas tibia (c)
(anterior)
 u/ perlekatan lig. patella
c
• Corpus tibia:
d
– Krista tibia (d) (ant)
• Distal:
– Malleolus medialis (e)
pergelangan kaki medial
e
Tibia (D)
tampak anterior
Tibia (D)
tampak posterior
Fibula..
a
b
• Proximal:
– caput fibula (a)
– collum fibula (b)
c
• Corpus fibula:
– margo interosseus (c)
Fibula (D)
tampak lateral
• Distal:
– malleolus lateralis (d)
(dpt diraba di ankle)
d
Tarsal..
Tdd 7 tulang pendek,
tersusun dlm 3 baris:
• Posterior
talus, calcaneus
• Intermediate
navicular bone
• Anterior
os cuneiforme mediale,
intermedium, & laterale;
os cuboideum
Metatarsal..
• Tdd 5 tlg, numbered one to five
medial to lateral
• Struktur: base (proximal),
shaft, & head (distal) in each
Phalanges of toes
• Tdd 14―two for first toe
(hallux) and three for each of
other four toes
T
H
A
N
K
Y
O
U
!!