ARTICLES členi

INDEFINITE ARTICLE: A/ AN Nedoločni člen DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE Določni člen

NEDOLOČNI ČLEN

• “ a ” uporabljamo pred samostalniki, ki se v izgovorjavi pričenjajo na soglasnik: “ a book, a pencil, a house, a university, … • “ an ” uporabljamo pred samostalniki, ki se pričenjajo na samoglasnik: an apple, an hour, an heir, …

UPORABA

• Pred števnimi omenjeni black.

prvič samostalniki v ednini , ki so : There is a car omenimo drugič, imajo določni člen: The car is • Pred samostalniki, ki pomenijo mechanic. She is an engineer .

in the street. Ko jih poklice : He is a • V izrazih za ceno: 2 dollars a kilo ; hitrost: 60km an hour (per hour), razmerje: 3 times a week .

• V besednih zvezah: a lot of, a little, a few.

• V vzklikih: What a nice day , what a nice surprise .

(kadar sledi števni samostalnik v ednini)

DOLOČNI ČLEN uporaba

• Pred samostalniki, ki so že znani sobesedila: There is a car in the street. The car is black.

iz • Pred samostalniki, če gre za edino stvar ali osebo oz. predstavnika svoje vrste: the world, the Sun He is the president of the US. Ljubljana is the capital of Slovenia. The lion lives in Africa.

• Pred presežniki pridevnikov: the best thing, the most interesting film,… • Pred vrstilnimi števniki: the first, the second, the third,… • Pred imeni pogorij , rek , morij , oceanov skupin otokov :the Alps, the Sava, the Adriatic, the Atlantic, the Shetlands, … in • Pred imeni glasbil : the guitar, the flute,…

• Pred samostalniki, ki jim sledi besedna zveza z “of” ali “in”: the south of Slovenia, the end of the street; the girl in red; • Pred samostalnikoma: cinema , theatre ; • Pred deli dneva : in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening; • Pred imeni za strani neba : the North, the South, the East, the West.

• Kadar je iz situacije jasno, katero stvar ali osebo ima govorec v mislih: in the garden (our garden), in the kitchen (our kitchen), they sent for the doctor (his personal doctor),..

ZERO ARTICLE brez člena

• Pred imeni za dnevne obroke : I never have breakfast ; She cooked lunch ; We always have light supper govorimo na splošno: .

• Pred samostalniki v množini, kadar Lions live in Africa; Cars • Pred are sold here; He builds houses .

snovnimi imeni in abstraktnimi samostalniki (pojmi): I like juice , She never drinks coffee ; People are afraid of death .

• Pred prevoznimi sredstvi v strukturi: by car , by bus, by bicycle, by plane, by boat.

• Pred imeni držav , mest, ulic in jezer : She lives in Canada ; He works in Rome , They live in Regent Street Izjeme . Lake Bled is our most beautiful lake. • Pred Novaks so države: the USA, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom; mesto: the Hague.

lastnimi imeni: Peter, Mary, Novak. • Pred samostalniki:, Izjema so priimki v množini, ki pomenijo družino: the hospital, school, church, bed, market, kadar jih uporabljamo v primarni funkciji: They took him to hospital; I still go to school; It’s time to go to bed.

• Pred samostalnikoma: home in work : Let’s go home; He is at work.