Transcript The Renaissance Spreads North

The
Renaissance
Moves
North
Objectives:
-To analyze the contributions of the Northern
Renaissance artists, thinkers and innovators
-To assess the impact of the printing press.
Albrecht Dürer
• Albrecht Dürer
traveled to Italy in
1494 to study the
techniques of the
Italian masters.
• Returning to
Germany he
employed these
methods in paintings
and, especially, in
engravings.
• In this form of
art, an artist
etches a
design on a
metal plate
with acid.
• The artist then
uses the plate
to make prints.
Peasant and His Wife
“Feet of
An
Apostle”
• Like the Italian artists of the Renaissance,
Durer tried to achieve a standard of ideal
beauty that was based on a careful
examination of the human form.
Hands
of
Horus
“German
Leonardo”
• Through his art and
his essays, Dürer
helped spread Italian
Renaissance ideas
in his homeland.
• Due to his interests
that extended far
beyond art, he is
sometimes called the
“German Leonardo.”
• Northern European
humanists, like Italian
humanists, stressed
education and classical
learning.
• At the same time, they still
emphasized religious themes.
• The revival of ancient
learning was believed to bring
about moral and religious
reform- this was different than
the Southern European
humanists who did not stress
religion.
Northern
Humanists
The summit
of happiness
is reached
when a
person is
ready to be
what he is.
–Erasmus
• What does this
quote mean?
• How can you
relate this to your
life?
The
Dutch:
Erasmus
• Desiderius Erasmus,
the great Dutch priest
and humanist wrote a
new Greek edition of
the New Testament.
• He also called for a
translation of the Bible
into the vernacular, or
everyday language of
ordinary people.
• What is our vernacular?
• What are words that you use that are unique
to your generation or group of friends?
• What are the benefits of information in your
language?
• To Erasmus an
individual’s chief
duties were to be
open-minded and
of good will
toward others.
• He was disturbed
by corruption in
the Church and
called for reform.
More
• Erasmus’s friend, the English humanist Thomas
More, also pressed for social reform.
• In Utopia, More describes an ideal society in
which men and women live in peace and
harmony.
• No one is ideal, all are educated, and justice is
used to end crime rather than to eliminate the
criminal.
• Today, the word utopian has come to describe an
ideal society.
• Why do you think
that peasants would
like the book Utopia?
• What song(s) can
you think of that
reflects the ideas of
Utopia?
Rabelais
• Had a varied career as a
monk, physician, Greek
scholar, and author.
• Gargantua and Pantagruel,
chronicles the adventures of
two gentle giants.
• On the surface the novel is a
comic tale of travel and war.
• But Rabelais uses his
characters to offer opinion on
religion, education, and other
serious subjects.
• What shows today are comical
but offer their opinions about
serious subjects?
• Why would someone want to
or need to hide their opinions
in comedy?
• Poet and playwright
• Between 1590 & 1613, he
wrote 37 plays that are still
performed around the world.
• He wrote comedies, historic
plays, tragedies
• Shakespeare’s love of words
vastly enriched the English
language.
• More than 1,700 words
appeared for the first time in
his works, including bedroom,
lonely, generous, gloomy,
heartsick, hurry, and sneak.
Shakespeare
Have you seen Shakespeare?
The following modern movies
are loosely based on famous
Shakespearean works…
• The Lion King
• 10 Things I Hate About
You and Deliver Us
From Eva
• She’s the Man/Mulan/
Big Momma
• “O”
• West Side Story/Teen
Beach Movie
Hamlet
The Taming of
the Shrew
The Twelfth Night
Othello
Romeo and Juliet
Cervantes
• Don Quixote by Miguel
de Cervantes mocks
the romantic notions of
medieval chivalry.
• Don Quixote is a foolish
but idealistic knight that
seeks to be a hero but
finds that the time of the
knight has ended.
The 13 Most
Influential Inventions
in History
• What do you
think the most
influential
inventions
have been?
• Harnessing/Applying
Electricity
• The computer
• The internet
• The steam engine
• Steel
• Gunpowder
• The atomic bomb
• The car
• Radio
• Telephone
• Television
• The printing press
The Printing Revolution
• Methods of
making paper had
reached Europe
from China about
1300.
• The Chinese and
Koreans had been
using moveable
type for centuries.
• Johann Gutenberg of
Germany, printed a complete
edition of the Bible using
movable type metal type on a
machine called a printing
press.
• The use of this invention
TRANSFORMED EUROPE!!!!!
• Prior to the printing press
books were written by hand
and were very expensivetaking between 6 months and
a year to write just one book.
Immense Changes
• Printed books were cheaper
than hand copied books.
• More people learned to read.
• Readers gained access to a
variety of subjects.
• Exposed educated Europeans
to new ideas.
• Contributes to the religious
turmoil that swept Europe in the
1500s.