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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Chapter 6 Identify The Problem Textbook Page 193 Chapter 6 - 1 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Describe The Principles Of Recognition, Identification, Classification, And Verification As They Apply To Hazardous Materials Emergencies. List And Describe The Seven Basic Methods Of Identifying Hazardous Materials. Chapter 6 - 2 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Given Examples Of The Following Railroad Cars, Identify Each Car By Type And Identify The Material And Its Hazard Class That Is Found In Each Car. [NFPA 472-6.2.1.1(a)] Cryogenic Liquid Tank Cars High-pressure Tube Cars Nonpressure Tank Cars Pneumatically Unloaded Hopper Cars Pressure Tank Cars Chapter 6 - 3 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Objectives Given Examples Of The Following Intermodal Tanks, Identify Each Intermodal Tank By Type And Identify The Material And Its Hazard Class That Is Found In Each Tank [NFPA 472 - 6.2.1.1(b)]. Nonpressure Intermodal Tanks: IM-101 (IMO Type 1 Internationally) Portable Tank IM-102 (IMO Type 2 Internationally) Portable Tank Pressure Intermodal Tanks—dot Spec. 51 (IMO Type 5 Internationally) Specialized Intermodal Tanks: Cryogenic Intermodal Tanks (IMO Type 7 Internationally) Tube Modules Chapter 6 - 4 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Given Examples Of The Following Cargo Tanks, Identify Each Cargo Tank By Type [NFPA 472— 6.2.1.1(c)]. Nonpressure Liquid Tanks Low-pressure Chemical Tanks Corrosive Liquid Tanks High-pressure Tanks Cryogenic Liquid Tanks Tube Trailers Chapter 6 - 5 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Given Examples Of The Following Tanks, Identify At Least One Material And Its Hazard Class That Is Typically Found In Each Tank. [NFPA 472 6.2.1.1(d)] Nonpressure Tank Pressure Tank Cryogenic Liquid Tank Chapter 6 - 6 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Given Examples Of The Following Nonbulk Containers, Identify At Least One Material And Its Hazard Class That Is Typically Found In Each Container [NFPA 472 - 6.2.1.1(e)]. Bags Carboys Cylinders Drums Chapter 6 - 7 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Objectives Given Examples Of The Following Radioactive Materials Packages, Identify Each Package By Type And Identify At Least One Typical Material Found In Each Package [NFPA 472 - 6.2.1.1(f)]. Type A Type B Industrial Excepted Strong, Tight Containers Chapter 6 - 8 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Given Examples Of Containers, DOT Specification Markings For Nonbulk And Bulk Packaging, And The Associated Reference Guide, Identify The Basic Design And Construction Features Of Each Container [NFPA 472-6.2.3.1(A) Through (D)]. Cargo Tanks Fixed Facility Tanks Intermodal Tanks One-ton Containers Chapter 6 - 9 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Given Examples Of Containers, DOT Specification Markings For Nonbulk And Bulk Packaging, And The Associated Reference Guide, Identify The Basic Design And Construction Features Of Each Container [NFPA 472-6.2.3.1(A) Through (D)]. Pipelines Railroad Cars Intermediate Bulk Containers (I.E., Tote Tanks) Nonbulk Containers (E.G., Carboys, Drums, Cylinders) Radioactive Material Containers Chapter 6 - 10 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Given Examples Of Facility And Transportation Containers, Identify The Approximate Capacity Of Each Container [NFPA 472-6.2.1.2]. Describe The Types Of Specialized Marking Systems Found At Fixed Facilities. Describe How A Pipeline Can Carry Different Products [NFPA 472-6.2.3.2]. Chapter 6 - 11 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Objectives Given An Example Of A Pipeline, Identify The Following: [NFPA 472-6.2.3.3]. Ownership Of The Pipeline Procedures For Checking For Gas Migration Procedures For Shutting Down The Pipeline Or Controlling The Leak Type Of Product In The Pipeline Chapter 6 - 12 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Objectives Identify And Describe The Placards, Labels, Markings, And Shipping Documents Used For The Transportation Of Hazardous Materials. Given A Label For A Radioactive Material, Identify Vertical Bars, Contents, Activity, And Transport Index, And Then Describe The Labeled Items And Its Significance In Surveying A Hazardous Materials Incident [NFPA 472-6.2.1.4]. Chapter 6 - 13 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Introduction In 1971, A Railroad Derailment In The Houston, TX Metropolitan Area Caused A Breach In A Pressure Tank Car Transporting Propane, Which Subsequently Ignited The Propane Fire Then Impinged Upon An Adjoining Tank Car Of Vinyl Chloride. After Approximately 45 Minutes Of Exposure To Fire, The Vinyl Chloride Tank Car Violently Ruptured As A Result, A Fire Department Photographer Was Killed And A Number Of Emergency Response Personnel And Civilians Were Injured Chapter 6 - 14 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Introduction The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Conducted An Investigation And Concluded That The Following Factors Contributed To The Severity Of The Accident: The Lack Of Adequate Training, Information, And Documented Procedures For On-scene Identification The Lack Of Adequate Assessment Of Threats To Safety Reliance On Firefighting Recommendations That Did Not Take Into Consideration The Full Range Of Hazards Chapter 6 - 15 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Introduction George Santayana (1863 – 1952) Stated “Those Who Do Not Remember The Past Are Condemned To Relive It” This Chapter Will Discuss The Second Step In The Eight Step Process© — Identify The Problem This Chapter Will Review The Basic Principles Of Problem Identification And Methods Of Hazmat Recognition, Identification, And Classification Chapter 6 - 16 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Basic Principles Knowing The Enemy Among The Most Critical Tasks In Managing A Hazmat Incident Are Surveying The Incident Scene To Detect The Presence Of Hazmats Identifying The Nature Of The Problem And The Materials Involved, And Identifying The Type Of Hazmat Container And The Nature Of Its Release. 197 Chapter 6 - 17 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Basic Principles Historically, There Have Been Numerous Public And Private Sector Studies That Have Evaluated Hazmat Incidents Although The Specific Numbers May Vary, These Studies Clearly Show Some Specific Trends And Patterns, Including: Approximately 75% Of Releases Occur In Facilities That Produce, Store, Manufacture, Or Use Chemicals; The Remaining 25% Occurred During Transportation. Chapter 6 - 18 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Basic Principles Approximately 50% Of All Hazmat Emergencies Involve Flammable And Combustible Liquids. The Next Most Common Hazard Class Is Corrosive Materials, Specifically Materials Such As Sulfuric Acid And Sodium Hydroxide. The Top Hazardous Materials Transported By Rail Include Trailers On Flat Cars (TOFC) And Containers On Flat Cars (COFC), LPG, Sodium Hydroxide, Sulfuric Acid, Anhydrous Ammonia, Chlorine, Gasoline And Blended Motor Fuels. This Background Information Is No Substitute For Conducting A Hazard Analysis And Developing An Emergency Response Plan For Your Plant Or Community. Chapter 6 - 19 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Top Chemicals / Hazardous Materials Releases US EPA Chapter 6 - 20 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Basic Principles Surveying The Incident The Identification Process Starts With A Survey Of The Incident Site And Surrounding Conditions. The Identification Process Is Built Upon The Following Basic Elements: Recognition — recognize The Presence Of Hazardous Materials. Identification — identify The Hazardous Materials Involved And The Nature Of The Problem. Classification — determine The General Hazard Class Or Chemical Family Of The Hazardous Materials Involved. Chapter 6 - 21 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Basic Principles When Dealing With Unknown Substances, Responders Should Rely Upon Monitoring Instruments And Chemical Analytical Kits Which Use A Systematic Process To Determine The Unknown’s Identity And Hazards. In Recent Years There Has Been Increasing Emphasis On The Potential Use Of Hazardous Materials And Weapons Of Mass Destruction (WMD) In Terrorism Or Criminal Events. These Scenarios Bring A Number Of New Issues, Including The Use Of Weapons And Armed Assaults, Secondary Devices, And Booby Traps. Chapter 6 - 22 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Clues And The Identification Process Chapter 6 - 23 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Identification Methods And Procedures Emergency Responders Rely Upon Seven Basic Clues As Part Of Their Identification Process. Look For Hazmats In Every Incident; Then Identify Or At Least Classify The Material. The Seven Clues Are: Occupancy And Location Container Shapes Markings And Colors Placards And Labels Shipping Papers And Facility Documents Monitoring And Detection Equipment Senses Chapter 6 - 24 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Identification Methods And Procedures Chapter 6 - 25 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Occupancy And Location Hazardous Materials Surround Us Every Day— potential Locations Can Be Categorized Into Four Basic Areas Production Transportation Storage Use The Key For Determining These Potential Sites Is Through The Hazard Analysis Process. Information Should Include A List Of The Hazmats On-site, Their Quantity And Location, And Hazards. Chapter 6 - 26 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Occupancy And Location Do You Know What’s In Your Community? 202 Chapter 6 - 27 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Container Shapes All Hazardous Materials Are Controlled As Long As They Remain Within Their Container. The Size, Shape, And Construction Features Of A Container/Packaging Are The Second Clue To The Standard Hazmat Identification Process, Packaging Used For Transporting Hazardous Materials Is Regulated By DOT. Chapter 6 - 28 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Container Shapes Packaging Is Divided Into Three General Groups: Non-bulk Packaging Bulk Packaging Facility Containment Systems Chapter 6 - 29 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Examples … Chapter 6 - 30 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Non- bulk Packaging Non-bulk Packaging Is Constructed To Performance Or Specification Standards Mandated By DOT. The Type Of Material And The End Use Of The Product Will Determine The Type Of Packaging The Type Of Container Is Typically A Good Clue To Its Hazards And Contents. 204 Chapter 6 - 31 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Non- Bulk … Bags Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 32 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Non- Bulk … Bottles Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 33 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Non- Bulk … Drums Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 34 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Non- Bulk … Boxes Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 35 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Non- Bulk … Multi-Cell Packaging Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 36 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Non- Bulk … Carboys Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 37 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Non- Bulk … Cylinders Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 38 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging Bulk packaging may either be placed on or in a transport vehicle, or may be an integral part of a transport vehicle (e.g., cargo tank truck, tank car) Bulk Packaging Placed on or in a Transport Vehicle Cargo Tank Trucks Railroad Tank Cars 210 Chapter 6 - 39 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging… Ton Containers Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 40 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging – Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 41 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging –Portable Bins Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 42 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging – Intermodal Portable Tank Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 43 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Intermodal Markings Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 44 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Intermodal Portable Tank Non - Pressure Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 45 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Intermodal Portable Tank Pressure Tank Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 46 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Intermodal Portable Tank Specialized Tank Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 47 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Intermodal Portable Tank Specialized Tank - Tubes Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 48 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck .. Makings Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 49 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck Atmospheric Pressure Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 50 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck Low Pressure Chemical Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 51 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck Corrosive Cargo Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 52 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck High Pressure Cargo Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 53 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck Cryogenic Liquid Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 54 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck Atmospheric Pressure Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 55 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck Heated Material Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 56 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Cargo Tank Truck Dry Bulk Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 57 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging – Railroad Tank Cars Markings Chapter 6 - 58 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging – Railroad Tank Cars Markings Chapter 6 - 59 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Railroad Tank Car Non-Pressure Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 60 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Railroad Tank Car Pressure Tank Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 61 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Railroad Tank Car Cryogenic Tank Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 62 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Railroad Tank Car The Tank Train Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 63 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Bulk Packaging – Railroad Tank Car Pneumatically Unloaded Covered Hopper Design and Construction Contents / Hazard Class Chapter 6 - 64 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Radioactive Material Packaging Federal Regulations Place Strict Controls On The Transportation Of Radioactive Materials. The Transport Of Radioactive Materials Is Based Upon The Philosophy That: Safety Should Be Primarily Focused On The Package (I.E., Packaging Is The First Line Of Defense) Package Integrity Should Be Directly Related To The Degree Of Hazard Of The Material It Contains. 229 Chapter 6 - 65 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Radioactive Material Packaging More Than Two-thirds Of Radioactive Material Shipments Are Of Manmade Radioisotopes Used In Medicine, Industry, Agriculture, And Scientific Research. Responders Should Be Familiar With Four Basic Types Of Radioactive Material Packaging: Excepted Packaging – Used To Transport Material With Low Levels Of Radioactivity. Chapter 6 - 66 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Radioactive Material Packaging Industrial Packaging – Used In Certain Shipments Of LSA Material And Surface Contaminated Objects, Which Are Typically Categorized As Radioactive Waste. Type A Packaging – Used To Transport Small Quantities Of Radioactive Material With Higher Concentrations Of Radioactivity Than Those Shipped In Industrial Packaging. Type B Packaging – Used To Transport Radioactive Material With The Highest Levels Of Radioactivity, Including Potentially Life-endangering Amounts That Could Pose A Significant Risk If Released During An Accident. Chapter 6 - 67 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Radioactive Material Packaging Chapter 6 - 68 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Facility Containment Systems Are Packaging, Containers, And/Or Associated Systems That Are Part Of A Fixed Facility’s Operations. Examples May Include Storage Tanks, Process Towers, Chemical And Nuclear Reactors, Piping Systems, Pumps, Storage Bins And Cabinets, Dryers And Degreasers, Machinery Common Facility Storage Tanks And Vessels: Atmospheric And Low Pressure Liquid Storage Tanks Pressurized Storage Vessels 230 Chapter 6 - 69 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Atmospheric Pressure Liquid – Cone Roof Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 70 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Atmospheric Pressure Liquid – Covered Floating Roof Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 71 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Atmospheric Pressure Liquid – Open Floating Roof Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 72 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Atmospheric Pressure Liquid – Open Floating Roof – Geodesic Dome Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 73 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Low Pressure Liquid – Vertical Storage Tank Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 74 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Low Pressure Liquid – Horizontal Storage Tank Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 75 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems Atmospheric and Low Pressure Liquid – Underground Storage Tank Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 76 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems High Pressure Storage Tanks – Horizontal Storage Tank Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 77 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems High Pressure Storage Tanks – Spherical Tank Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 78 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems High Pressure Storage Tanks – Underground Storage Tank Ground Level Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 79 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems High Pressure Storage Tanks – Cryogenic Liquid Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 80 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Containment Systems High Pressure Storage Tanks – Refrigerated Storage Tank Design And Construction Contents / Hazard Classes Chapter 6 - 81 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Markings And Colors Markings And Colors On Hazmat Packaging Or Containment Systems Are The Third Clue In The Standard Identification Process Container Clues May Include Color Codes, Container Specification Numbers, Signal Words Or Even The Content’s Name And Associated Hazards. Facility Clues May Include Hazard Communication Markings, Piping Color Code Systems, And Specific Signs And/Or Signal Words 237 Chapter 6 - 82 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Nonbulk Package Markings Agricultural Chemicals and Pesticide Labels Toxicity Signal Words Statement of Practical Treatment Physical or Chemical Hazard Statement Product Name Ingredient Statement Environmental Information EPA Registration Number EPA Establishment Number Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Number Cylinder Color Codes Chapter 6 - 83 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Toxicity Signal Words Chapter 6 - 84 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging And Transportation Markings Identification Number Four digit identification numbers are assigned to a hazardous material or group of hazardous materials. Non-bulk packages of hazardous materials (except limited quantities) printed adjacent to the required labels on the package. Shipments of non-bulk packages when loaded at one location of more than 8,820 lbs. of a single material. Bulk packages of hazardous materials, including cargo tanks, rail cars, portable tanks, and railroad hopper cars. Chapter 6 - 85 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Four Digit Identification Number Chapter 6 - 86 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging And Transportation Markings Inhalation Hazard Markings Marine Pollutant Mark Elevated Temperature Materials Chapter 6 - 87 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Bulk Packaging And Transportation Markings Pipelines Pipelines are the second largest hazmat transportation mode and often cross over or under roads, waterways, and railroads. Chapter 6 - 88 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Markings NFPA 704 System Hazard Communication Marking Systems Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Only transformers and equipment containing 50 ppm or greater concentration must be marked. PCB WARNING LABEL Pcb-contaminated Transformers And Equipment Containing More Than A 50 Ppm Concentration Must Be Marked With This Label. API Petroleum Products Color Codes Chapter 6 - 89 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Markings NFPA 704 System HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTVITY SPECIAL HAZARDS 3 4 2 OX Chapter 6 - 90 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Facility Markings PCB Warning Label Chapter 6 - 91 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Facility Markings The API Color Code Chart Chapter 6 - 92 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Facility Markings U.S. Military Marking System Chapter 6 - 93 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Facility Markings Other Marking Systems Color codes are also used at bulk LPG facilities. Liquid product lines will often be color-coded either dark blue or orange while vapor lines are light blue or yellow. The OSHA Hazard Communication Standard and many state and local RightTo-Know regulations require the marking of hazardous materials storage vessels, piping, and process units within industry. Chapter 6 - 94 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards And Labels DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations outline the hazmat placarding and labeling requirements within the United States This is a basic First Responder Awareness and Operations level competency, and should be wellunderstood by this point in your hazmat response career The “backbone” of DOT’s hazmat regulations is the Hazardous Materials Table or HMT (49 CFR 172.101) 245 Chapter 6 - 95 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards And Labels Placards and labels provide recognition and general hazard classification by way of: Colored background. Respective hazard class symbol. Hazard class / division number (found at the bottom of the placard or label). Hazard class description wording or the four-digit identification number (found in the center of the placard). Chapter 6 - 96 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards And Labels Labels are approximately 4-inch (100 mm) square markings applied to individual hazardous materials packages. Placards are approximately 10.75 inch (273 mm) square markings applied to both ends and each side of freight containers, cargo tanks, and portable tank containers. Chapter 6 - 97 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 98 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 99 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 100 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 101 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 102 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 103 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 104 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 105 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 106 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 107 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards and Labels Chapter 6 - 108 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Placards And Labels Radioactive Material Labels and Placards Radioactive packages will be labeled based upon the type and quantity of material being shipped and associated levels of radiation Radioactive label markings are essential in assessing the integrity of the packaging during an incident, and will include: Contents Activity Transport Index (TI) Chapter 6 - 109 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Shipping Paper Requirements Shipping Papers Are Required To Accompany Each Hazmat Shipment And Are The Are The Fifth Clue In The Standard Identification Process Basic Description. Each Transport Mode Has Its Own Terms For Shipping Papers. All Shipping Papers Are Required To Contain The Following Entries, Known As The Hazardous Material’s Basic Description Proper Shipping Name Dot Hazard Class / Division Number Identification Number(s) Packing Group Total Quantity Emergency Contact 253 Chapter 6 - 110 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Shipping Paper Information Chapter 6 - 111 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Shipping Papers - Additional Entries Additional Shipping Paper Entries May Be Required For Some Hazardous Materials. They Include The Following: Compartment Notation Residue (Empty Packaging) Hot Technical Name Not Otherwise Specified (N.O.S.) Notations Subsidiary Hazard Class Reportable Quantity (RQ) Notation Marine Pollutant EPA Waste Stream Number EPA Waste Characteristic Number Chapter 6 - 112 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Shipping Papers - Additional Entries Radioactive Material Information Poison Notation. Poison-Inhalation Hazard (PIH) or Toxic-Inhalation Hazard Notation Hazard Zone Dangerous When Wet Notation Limited Quantity (LTD QTY) Canadian Information Placard Notation Trade Name DOT Exemption Notation Hazardous Materials STCC Number Shipper Contact Chapter 6 - 113 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Shipping Papers - Emergency Response Information Emergency Response Information Must Also Be Included With Shipping Papers. Emergency Response Information Must Provide The Following: Brief Product Description Emergency Actions Involving Fire Emergency Actions Involving Release Only Personnel Protective Measures Environmental Considerations, As Appropriate. First Aid Measures Several Common Sources Of Emergency Response Information Requirements Are An MSDS, The Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) Chapter 6 - 114 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Facility Documents Various Types Of Facility Documents Are Available To Assist In The Information Process. The Specific Type And Nature Of Information Provided Will Vary Based Upon Pertinent Federal, State, And/Or Local Reporting Requirements. Both The Risk Management Plans And The Tier Ii Reporting Forms Can Be Used As Part Of The Hazards Analysis Process. Chapter 6 - 115 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Monitoring And Detection Equipment Monitoring And Detection Equipment Can Often Provide Data And Information Concerning The Overall Nature Of The Problem You Face As Well As The Specific Materials Involved. They Are Essential Tools For Identifying, Verifying, Or Classifying The Hazmat(s) Involved, And Are The Sixth Clue In The Standard Identification Process 258 Chapter 6 - 116 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Monitoring And Detection Equipment Although Considered Here As An Identification Tool, Monitoring And Detection Equipment Are Also Critical Tools For Evaluating “Real-time” Data And Developing A “Risk Based” Response. Monitoring Helps Responders To: Determine The Appropriate Levels Of Personal Protective Clothing And Equipment. Determine The Size And Location Of Hazard Control Zones. Develop Protective Action Recommendations And Corridors. Assess The Potential Health Effects Of Exposure. Chapter 6 - 117 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Senses Sometimes Clues Are Not As Obvious As A Building Occupancy, Container Shapes Or Markings, And Your Senses Must Come Into Play. Senses Are Not A Primary Identification Tool, And Are The Final Clue In The Standard Identification Process. Nonetheless, Senses Can Be Valuable Assets And Can Offer Immediate Clues To The Presence Of Hazardous Materials. The Inhalation (Or Smelling) Of Chemicals Should Always Be Avoided, But There Are Times When You May Enter A Situation And An Odor Will Be Present. Chapter 6 - 118 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Senses Immediately Dangerous To Life Or Health (IDLH) “Street Smart” Clues Of IDLH Atmospheres That You Should Always Remember, Including: Visible Vapor Clouds Releases Large Liquid Leaks Below Grade Or Confined Spaces Dead Birds and Foliage Sick Animals And Sick Humans Physical Senses And “Street Smarts” Chapter 6 - 119 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem Summary The Evaluation Of Hazards And The Assessment Of The Risks Builds Upon The Timely Identification And Verification Of The Hazardous Materials Involved. A Problem Well-defined Is Half-solved. Identification And Verification Of The Hazmats Involved Are Critical To The Safe And Effective Management Of A Hazmat Incident. Chapter 6 - 120 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Identify The Problem Managing The Incident Summary The Seven Basic Clues For Recognition, Identification, And Classification Are: Occupancy And Location Container Shapes Markings And Colors Placards And Labels Shipping Papers And Facility Documents Monitoring And Detection Equipment Senses Chapter 6 - 121 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Managing The Incident Identify The Problem O.T. and The Kid Chapter 6 - 122 © Hazardous Materials - Managing the Incident 2005