Transcript SOHO Overview

SOHO OVERVIEW
B. Klecker
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, 85740 Garching, Germany
Kennebunkport, MN
June 9, 2010
1
OVERVIEW
• The Beginning: SOHO & CLUSTER, the First Cornerstone of
ESA’s Horizon 2000 Program
• SOHO Instruments & Observations
• Present Status and Future Operations
• SOHO Bibliometrics
• Public Access to SOHO Data / Archive
2
HORIZON 2000 PROGRAM
CORNERSTONE 1: SOHO & CLUSTER
SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory
Investigation of the Sun, SEPs,
Solar Wind
Launch: 2 December 1995
CLUSTER
Multispacecraft Mission with
4 S/C with identical Instrumentation
Launch Attempt with Ariane 5 01: 19963
Repeat with 2 Soyuz in 2000
SOHO INSTRUMENTS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
CDS (Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer)
CELIAS (Charge, Element, and Isotope Analysis System
COSTEP (Comprehensive Suprathermal and Energetic Particle Analyzer)
EIT (Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope),
ERNE (Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron experiment)
GOLF (Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies)
LASCO (Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph)
MDI/SOI (Michelson Doppler Imager/Solar Oscillations
Investigation)
• SUMER (Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted
Radiation)
• SWAN (Solar Wind Anisotropies)
• UVCS (Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer)
• VIRGO (Variability of Solar Irradiance and Gravity
Oscillations)
• In-Situ
4
SOHO OBSERVATIONS: UVCS
Serendipity: Sungrazing Comets
More than 1000 Sungrazig
Comets Observed
Comet Outgassing
Evidence for dust sublimation in UVCS
Spectra
• Derived outgassing rates of 0.7 - 3.9 x 106
g/s (Si) and 1.7 - 15 x 104 g/s (C)
• If the Si atoms originate in the evaporation
of molecules of forsterite or olivine, mass
loss rate from dust is ~ 4 - 50 x 106 g/s
• All grains < 12 cm in diameter likely to
evaporate in < 10 min at observed distance
of 3.37 solar radii
Ciaravella et al., 2010
5
SOHO OBSERVATIONS: MDI
HELIOSEISMOLOGY - Access to the Solar Interior
R/RS
Zhao et al,
2009
Longitudinal Average
Latitudinal Average
2D Inversion results for the sound speed perturbation near the tachoclyne;
Making the Transition between radiation zone and convection zone visible
6
SOHO OBSERVATIONS: VIRGO
Total Solar Irradiance (TSI)
TSI
Open Magnetic
Flux
TSI and Br
SOHO
Senior Review 2010
7
SOHO EIT
Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope
Active Regions at the Sun and their relation to SEPs
EIT
SEP Intensity-Time Profiles
8
COROTATING INTERACTION REGIONS (CIRs)
Events Related to High Speed Streams from Coronal Holes (UVCS)
In the Ecliptic: High Speed Streams from Mid and Low Latitude Coronal Holes
9
SOHO CDS
Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer
Investigating the Solar
Atmosphere
EIT
FOV
• Elemental abundances from
line intensities
• Magnetoacoustic waves in the
transition region and corona
Using simultaneous CDS
measurements of oscillations in
pairs of lines formed at
transition region and coronal
temperatures, O’Shea et al.
(2006) found evidence for
outward-propagating waves
above the solar poles.
10
SOHO LASCO
Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronograph
CME Variability 1996 - 2010
Now more than 1 Solar Cycle
Gopalswamy, 2007
11
ACCELERATION AT INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS
CMES, ICMES AND CME-DRIVEN SHOCKS
CME
SOHO / LASCO
ICME
Zurbuchen & Richardson, 2006
12
ERNE / COSTEP
Energetic & Relativistic Nuclei & Electron experiment /
Comprehensive Suprathermal & Energetic Particle analyser
• SEPs and their Source
• SEP Composition (3He/4He)
13
CELIAS / MTOF
Solar Wind Isotopic Composition
14
PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE OPERATION
2011 and Beyond
Present
All Instruments are operated
ESA: SOHO approved to end of 2012
NASA PLAN
Continue LASCO Coronograph (not on SDO)
Continue MDI in 2010 for Intercalibration with
SDO/HMI (i.e. turn MDI off 2011)
FY 2010: Transition from SOHO to ‘Bogart’
FY 2011 and later: Science Funding for US
Science Teams phased out.
15
SOHO BIBLIOMETRICS
16
PUBLIC ACCESS TO SOHO DATA / ARCHIVE
17