Use of Simulation/Exercise in Disaster Preparedness
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Transcript Use of Simulation/Exercise in Disaster Preparedness
Dr. Charles W. Beadling
Central Asia Regional Health Security Conference
17-19 April 2012
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Overview:
Phases of Effective Disaster Response
Disaster Risk Reduction, Disaster Preparedness
Disaster Preparedness Cycle
Simulation/Exercise as a Tool
Purposes
Table Top
Live
What are your main threats?
3 Phases of Disaster Response
Prepare
Respond
Recover
Prepare
Actions taken before
an incident:
Analyzing threats, risks
Risk reduction
Planning
Rehearsal (Exercise)
Community education
Disaster Risk
Disaster Risk is frequently calculated as:
Risk = Hazard X Vulnerability
Hazard: threat; the frequency of potential adverse
event
Frequency of a hurricane hitting Florida = 1.4 per year
Vulnerability: likelihood of adverse outcomes
Concentrations of populations in flood plains
Socio-economic vulnerability, urbanization
Disaster Preparedness Reduces
Disaster Risk
Methods of risk reduction
Prevention
Transportation safety
Industrial standards
Limit adverse effects
Mitigation: Improve
structures in seismic area
Improve Disaster
Preparedness
Respond
First Responders
Fire, Police, Medical
Order on chaos
Coordination
Command structure
Decontamination?
Chemical, Biological,
Radiological
Persisting threats?
Secondary device
Search and rescue
Recovery
Short term – days to weeks
Clean up
Essential services
Psychological support
Long term – months to years
Rebuild
Preparedness Cycle
Plan
Evaluate &
Improve
Capability
Building
Exercise
Organize,
Train &
Equip
Plan
Collect and analyze data
What crises have
occurred?
What was the result?
Develop laws, policies,
plans and procedures
General “all hazards”
Specific threats
National, local levels
need to be aligned
Organize, Train and Equip
Organize
Leadership and teams
Triage, Treatment,
Decontamination,
Evacuation, etc.
Train: Individuals and
teams
Performance standards
Equip: Depend on size,
roles
Exercises
Exercises
Test plans – identify gaps
Improve proficiency
Familiarize with plans
Familiarize with roles
Assess performance
Validate certification
Exercises
Improve coordination
Improve communication
Identify risks for
reduction
Low risk environment
Table top exercises
Live exercises
Table Top Exercises
Advantages:
No need for equipment
Not effected by weather
Test plans for gaps
Gain experience with roles
and responsibilities
Practice coordination and
communication
Those without experience
learn from those with
experience
Disadvantages:
Lose effect of time & space
No experience operating
equipment
Risk unrealistic solutions
Live Exercises
Advantages:
More realistic experience
Exposure to weather,
terrain
Disadvantages:
Expense
Time lost from work
Impact of weather
Community involvement
Workplace exercises
Fire response
Evacuation
School drills – shelter,
active shooter
Test emergency warning
– sirens, radio/television
announcements
City evacuation routes
Evaluate and Improve
Review actions after exercise
Were there situations not adequately covered in plan?
Was there adequate resources – protective equipment,
food stocks?
Correct plans, resources, training as needed
There will be another opportunity – if it is a real
disaster, be ready!
Homeland Security Exercise and
Evaluation Program
A standardized
methodology and
terminology for exercise
design, development,
conduct, evaluation, and
improvement planning
Policy & guidance
Online training courses
Tools & technology
Technical assistance
https://hseep.dhs.gov/pages/1001_HSEEP7.aspx
Summary
3 Phases to a disaster
Prepare, Respond, Recover
Risk = Hazard X Vulnerability
Preparedness Cycle:
Plan
Organize,
Train &
Equip
Evaluate &
Improve
Exercise
Summary: Exercises
Test plans – identify gaps
Improve coordination
Improve proficiency
Familiarize with plans
Familiarize with roles
Assess performance
Improve communication
Validate certification
Identify risks for
reduction
Low risk environment
Table top exercises
Live exercises
Questions?