Transcript French and Indian War

For Monday…
• Read pages 106-113
• Know the following…Huguenots, Samuel
de Champlain, New France, Beaver,
Coureurs de Bois, Voyageurs, Robert de La
Salle, Treaty of Utrecht, War of Jenkins's
Ear, James Oglethorpe, Louisbourg, Fort
Duquesne, George Washington, Fort
Necessity, Acadians
• (will be on the website assignment page)
Bell Ringer…
• How was the colony • Agenda and Objective:
Through a group DBQ
of New France
paper project students will
different from the
be able to analyze various
British North
ways the French and
American colonies?
Indian war altered the
political, economic, and
ideological relations
between Great Britain and
the American Colonies.
COLONIAL WARS
Unit 1.6
Chapter 6 Theme
As part of their worldwide imperial
rivalry, Great Britain and France fought
numerous wars for colonial control of
North America, culminating in the British
victory in the French and Indian War
(Seven Years’ War) that resulted in
France’s removal from the continent.
DBQ!
• This week you will be working
independently and in groups to explain how
the various colonial wars influenced
economic, political, and ideological changes
between the Colonies and Great Britain.
DBQ! Independent Work
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•
Read Chapter 6
Complete Study guide (due 10/22)
Complete document analysis sheet
Understand terms sheet
Chapter 6 MC quiz on (10/22)
DBQ Group work
• You and your group will work together
creating an essay to answer the 2004
APUSH DBQ
• You will do this through the school’s
google doc account.
• You will be writing and editing throughout
the week both in class and outside of class.
• Essay is due FRIDAY! You will then peer
edit papers using the AP DBQ rubric.
COLONIAL WARS
I. New France in Canada
A. France was
late in coming
to the New
World
New France
c. 1645
B. Quebec colony founded in 1608
1. Samuel de Champlain (“Father of
New France”)
2. Became allies with the Hurons and
battled against the federated
Iroquois Indians
- - Significance: France was kept
out of much of the Ohio Valley
C. Government
1. King ruled in autocratic fashion
- - No popularly elected
assemblies or trial by jury
2. Slow population growth
- - Why?
Louis XIV
(16431715)
Portrait by Hyacinthe
Rigaud, 1701
D. French Expansion
1. Successful relations with Amerindians
2. Beaver trade led to exploration
of North America
a. Coureurs de bois
b. Voyageurs
3. Jesuits sought to convert the
Amerindians by example rather than
by force
4. Posts in Mississippi region and
Louisiana (New Orleans)
--Purpose: block Spanish expansion
into the Gulf of Mexico
II. Clash of Empires: England, France, Spain
A. Four world wars fought between
Britain and France between 1689 and
1763
1. King William’s War (1689-1697) and
Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713)
a. British fought coureurs de bois and
their Amerindian allies
b. Treaty of Utrecht, 1713
c. “salutary neglect”
2. King George’s War (1744-1748)
1702
Map of North America in 1702 showing forts, towns and areas occupied by European
settlements. Britain (pink), France (blue), and Spain terrestrial claim (orange)
1750
Map of territorial claims by 1750 in North America before the French and Indian War, that is
part of the greater world-wide conflict known as the Seven Years' War (1756 to 1763). –
possessions of Britain (pink), France (blue), and Spain (orange,
3. French and Indian War (1754-1763)
(Seven Years’ War)
a. Main issue: Ohio Valley
b. George Washington’s
Ohio mission
-- Battle near Fort Duquesne, 1754
…and….
George
got to start
his very own
world war!
c. British clamped down on Nova
Scotia
d. War widened into the largest war in
history, up to that time.
e. Albany Congress (1754): Purposes
i. Make Iroquois allies of Britain
ii. Greater colonial unity and
defense against France
Benjamin Franklin, May, 1754
Albany Congress, 1754
f. Benjamin Franklin’s plan: Albany Plan
for Union
i. Colonial home rule
- - Adopted by delegates
ii. Rejected
-- Individual colonies: “not
enough independence”
-- British: “gave too much
independence”
iii. Significance: First major step
towards colonial political unity
g. General Braddock defeated near Fort
Duquesne, 1755
Braddock’s defeat: “…who would have thought it?”
h. William Pitt, “The Great Commoner”:
Leader in Parliament
-- Took control of the war and led
Britain to victory.
i. Fall of Quebec (1760)
-- One of most significant battles
in British & U.S. history
-- Resulted in France’s defeat
j. Peace of Paris (1763)
-- French completely removed from
North America
-- France ceded all MississippiLouisiana region to Spain
-- Spain gave Florida to Britain in
return for Cuba
-- British emerged as dominant
power in North America
Territorial changes following the French and Indian War:
land held by the British before 1763 is shown in red, land
gained by Britain in 1763 is shown in pink
III. Friction between the colonies and the
mother country
A. American confidence & frustration
1. Colonist contributions
2. British vulnerability
3. British contempt
B. Some colonial resistance to war
effort infuriated Britain
1. American shipping
2. Aid to Indians
3. British forbidding of exports
4. Some colonial resistance to
war effort
C. Increased colonial expansion
-- Spanish & French barriers gone
D. Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)
E. Proclamation of 1763
1. Prohibited colonials to move west
of the Appalachian Mountains
2. British motive: Settle land
disputes with Indians fairly
3. Colonists infuriated
a. Veterans
b. Land speculators
4. Law generally ignored
Map showing
the
Proclamation
Line of 1763