Transcript pulses - agronomy society of pakistan

Introduction
Pulses are the most important source of vegetable protein in
Pakistan. They are cultivated on 5% of the total cropped area.
Their use ranges from baby food to delicacies of the rich and the
poor.
“hence they are quite rightly called poor man’s meet”
Due to the population growth, demand for pulses is increasing
day by day. There is a need to develop varieties with higher
yield potential that respond to improved management practices
so as to meet the increasing demand of pulses.
Major Pulse Crops in Pakistan
Rabi Pulses:
Chickpea (cicer arietinmm)
khesari (lath vs sativus)
Lentil (lens culimlaris)
Kharif pulses:
Moong ( Vigna radiata)
Mash (Vigna Mungo)
Arhar (Cajanus cajan)
1
Rabi Pulses
2
3
1
Kharif pulses
2
3
Minor Pulse Crops in Pakistan
Cowpea (vigna unguiculata)
Moth bean (vigna aconitifolia)
Common beans (phaseolus vulgaris)
Faba bean (vicia faba )
Area & Production in Pakistan
The total area under major pulse crops in
Pakistan is 1,298,000 hectares . the Punjab
region accounts for about 84 percent of
Pakistan's total pulse production, the Sindh
region 8 percent, Baluchistan 5 percent, and KPK
3 percent.
Area and Production of Pulse Crops
2009-2010
Crops
2010-2011
% change in
Production
Area
(000 ha)
Production
(000 tons)
Area
(000 ha)
Production
(000 tons)
Chickpea
1067
562
1068
523
-6.9
Lentil
24.0
10.9
24.0
10.6
-2.7
Mung
183.3
118.7
137
77.1
-35.0
Mash
24.1
10.7
23.8
11.2
1.0
Production Constraints
Production of pulses is affected by many biotic and abiotic stresses which
hamper the realization of actual yield potential
Chickpea
•
•
•
•
Drought
Diseases (A. blight, wilt)
Weeds
Lentil
Lentil
•
•
•
•
Diseases (Blight, rust, root rot-wilt complex)
Weeds
Cold, Drought (High lands)
Drought (Low lands)
Mungbean and Mash
• Diseases (MUMV, CLS, BLS, charcoal rot)
• Insect pest (Hairy caterpillar, white fly, thrips, tobacco caterpillar)
• Weeds
Reasons for crisis
•Adverse weather
•Impact of flood
•Population pressure
•Decline in cultivated area (lentil, mash)
•Regular exports of lentil and mash beside their
shortage
•Import/export dilemma
– Lack of coordination between M/O Agriculture and
Commerce
– Undue export of chickpea and mung
Current Situation
• Sufficiency in two major pulse crops i.e. chickpea
and mungbean primarily due to
improved
varieties.
• Lag behind in lentil and mash production mainly
due to displacement of these crops from traditional
growing areas with drastic reduction in cultivated
area.
Suggestions
• Establishment of improved seed and its
dissemination systems.
• Encouragement of private sector in seed production
business.
• Implementation of price intervention for major pulse
crop and procurement of produce by the
Government.
• Timely availability of quality inputs especially
pesticides.
• Increase the area under pulses & Maintain the
plant population.