Transcript Population-Intro-Presentation
Do Now: Monday •
title it Unit 2: Population & Migration
•
Respond to the following
• • • • •
question: What is the total population of the world?
of the US?
of Maryland?
of Baltimore MSA?
of Baltimore City?
Populations
• • • • • Of the world: 6,878,700,000 Of the US: 307,006,550 Of Maryland: 5,699,478 Of Baltimore MSA: 2.65 million Of Baltimore City: 636,919
Objective 11/1
• • We will introduce the central concepts behind the geography of population We will examine ways that geographers analyze population size and distribution throughout the world
Homework/Updates:
• • • • You are responsible to bring your book to class every day.
Read Chapter 2 Key Issues before each day’s presentation.
You will be held responsible for the vocabulary in each Key Issue that is listed on each day. Be prepared for open/closed note quizzes at any time.
Refer to the AP HUG calendar on board or website for reading and quiz schedule.
• • Unit 2: Population & Migration
Ch. 2 Focus Questions: What factors determine the size, characteristics, movement, and distribution of people throughout the world?
• •
How has the world’s population changed throughout human history? Why?
Based on a geographic analysis of the world, is it becoming dangerously overpopulated?
Population
• • • • Why is it important to study population?
6.5 billion people alive, more than any other time in history population increasing at faster rate than ever in history all global population growth is concentrated in LDCs
Did you know...
• • How is the importance of population size and growth represented in the following video?
• What implications does this information have on our country, and your future?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emx9 2kBKads
• World Population Trends...
Based on the following chart, write a 1 sentence description describing a trend in world population throughout history.
•
What factors account for the recent explosion in population?
Population Growth
• • • • The world’s population is growing
exponentially
. Most of the growth is in LDCs More MDCs are at 0 population growth Some in Eastern Europe ( Russia ) are declining in population. Why?
Russia recently offered a bonus of 250,000 rubles (about $9,200) to women who would have a second child.
Population Growth
• What factors influence population • • • • • growth...
amount of food birth rates life span culture contraceptives Take 2 minutes and identify 2 other topics that are directly related to population size and growth throughout the world.
• • •
Population Growth
Why do you think population is growing most rapidly in LDCs?
80% of the world’s pop. live in LDCs in Africa, Asia, and Latin America What factors influence population growth or decline?
KI: 1 -Where is the world’s population
• • characteristics - use data like census • statistics (structure, change, dynamics) Demographics - the study of • • characteristics of the population demographic data - specific data used to profile certain groups - used in marketing, political research and campaigning controversy behind demographics “profiling” groups of people
•
Expansion of the Ecumene
5000 BC AD 1900
75% live on only 5% of the Earth’s surface Fig. 2-3 (pg. 50): The
ecumene
, or the portion of the earth with permanent human settlement, has expanded to cover most of the world’s land area.
World Population Map Assignment
• • Where do people live throughout the world?
4 main regions: East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, western & central Europe, and Northeastern US and Canada • What is the distribution of people throughout the • world? (density) How do geographers measure this distribution? (arithmetic, physiological, and agricultural density)
Arithmetic Population Density
Fig. 2-4: Arithmetic population density is the number of people per total land area. The highest densities are found in parts of Asia and Europe.
Arithmetic Population Density
This is an example of a choropleth map: each section is shaded according to a common criteria.
Arithmetic Population Density
Arithmetic Population Density
Arithmetic Population Density
Arithmetic Population Density
Physiological Density
Fig. 2-5: Physiological density is the number of people per arable land area. This is a good measure of the relation between population and agricultural resources in a society.
Agricultural Density •
Agricultural Density: ratio of the number of
• •
farmers to the amount of arable land.
US and Canada have lower agric. densities than India and Bangledesh.
Why would the US have fewer farmers per acre of arable land? What is different about farming in the US vs. India or a more LDC?
Do Now: 11/3
• Take out your population map. Review your definitions for •
arithmetic, physiological, and agricultural density.
Respond to the following question: • Which measure of
density
is the best indicator as to whether a country will have enough food to feed their people?
• Which measure of
density
would be the best indicator of a country’s level of development?
Measures of Population Density
Quick Review • •
The most rapid growth in population is occurring in _____
• •
The most populous country in the world is ______ A country with a large amount of arable land and a small number of farmers will have a _____ agricultural density.
75% of the world’s population lives on 5% of the earth’s surface. The portion where humans live is called the _______.
Population Growth & Decline • Focus Questions
What are the basic factors of a society the will determine whether their population grows or
•
declines?
What factors influence the fertility and mortality of
•
a country?
How does the level of development relate to the
•
fertility and mortality of a country?
What are the implications for the current trends in worldwide population growth and decline? Challenges to MDCs and LDCs.
CIA Report •
Assignment: You are a CIA analyst responsible for evaluating and predicting worldwide trends in population growth and decline. Based on the the information below, write an executive summary explaining the relationship between level of development and population growth, and generalize what challenges these data present to MDCs and LDCs. You might be asked to deliver your report to your colleagues in the World Demography Unit, so make it good.
•
The security of our nation depends on it.
Fertility & Mortality •
You have 15 minutes to work in your groups and complete
• • • • • • •
the following: define your measure explain your map/figure related to your measure create a rhyme or hand signal to help remember your measure identify whether your measure would be high, low, or mixed between MDCs and LDCs explain why for each all members of group should be prepared to share this will be collected at the end of class
Review • • • • • • •
IMR CDR Life Expectancy NIR TFR CBR doubling rate
Reminders • •
Vocab Quiz tomorrow Key Issues 1&2 Chapter 2 Key Issue Worksheets are on website. (Key Issue 2 will not be necessary based on today’s activity.)
•
Read Chapter 2 Key Issue 4 for tomorrow. Be prepared to discuss Malthus’ theory on overpopulation.
•
Books every day.
Do Now: 11/4 •
Sit in your groups from yesterday and get out
• •
your Population Growth and Decline report.
You will 4 minutes to discuss your answers with your group. Each member of your group will be responsible for explaining your specific measure, so you
must
have complete and accurate information.
Overpopulation •
How would you define overpopulation?
•
How do geographers define
•
overpopulation?
When an
area’s exceeds
population the capacity of the environment to support it at an
acceptable standard of living.
•
What are the variables in this definition?
What do you think about this?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Na9 jV_OJI • How might this dramatization relate to a discussion of overpopulation issues?
Overpopulation?
• • Do you overpopulation is think a threat facing the world today?
http://www.breathingearth.net
/ • What kind of problems emerge from overpopulation?
What does overpopulation have to do with topics that we have already studied like urbanization?
Do Now: 11/5 •
Pick up a scrap paper and take a seat in your groups that we were in yesterday.
•
Take out your Population Growth Report and be prepared to comment on the following questions:
•
What is the relationship between development and population growth or decline?
•
What future trends do you predict for population sizes in MDCs? LDCs?
Vocab Quiz •
Pick two words. You will write one sentence that relates these two words in a way that demonstrates understanding of both.
• •
Example: Malthus & Demographic Transition Model Malthus predicted that the world population would grow exponentially with no limits, but the Demographic Transition Model shows how the population of Industrialized countries stabilize because people start having fewer and fewer children.
Objective 11/5 • •
We will examine prominent geographic theories regarding overpopulation We will create a Children’s Book called: The Demographic Transition to demonstrate understanding of said model
Overpopulation
“The [former] director of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, Gen. Michael Hayden, when asked to pinpoint which issue was of most pressing concern to him, said that the most troublesome threat facing the U.S. and the world today is not terrorism or global warming, but overpopulation, especially in the poorest parts of the planet.” CIA Director, General Michael Hayden • http://www.modernrecession.com/Overpopulation%20and%20Job%20L osses.pdf
• Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
• The rapid growth of the world's population, according to Hayden, may lead to fueling further instability and extremism, along with exacerbating worsening climate change, and making fuel and food much scarcer. Population, Hayden argues, is considered the prime multiplier for all types of human ills.
•
Debate Question: Is overpopulation the greatest threat facing our world today?
Overpopulated World?
• • • Malthus Neo-Malthusians Demographic Transition Model
Will the World Face an Overpopulation
• challenge that overpopulation of the earth poses to mankind?
• • – Food Supply Thomas Malthus - English economist and demographer •
Essay on the Principle of Population 1798 (time of Industrial Revolution population explosion)
Basic premise: The population is growing
exponentially
, however, the food supply only increase
arithmetically
Malthus’ Theory
• What do you think Malthus proposed as the solution to • • this crisis?
“moral restraint” to produce lower CBR if not, overpopulation will produce high CDR due to disease, famine, war, or other disasters
Malthus’ Critics • • • •
What is Malthus really recommending?
Why might that be controversial?
Malthus assumes that world resources are fixed What happened to food production during the Industrial Revolution?
•
Malthus did not understand the Demographic Transition
•
Why was Malthus wrong?
Food & Population, 1950-2000 Malthus vs. Actual Trends
Fig. 2-20: Malthus predicted population would grow faster than food production, but food production actually expanded faster than population in the 2nd half of the 20th century.
• Neo-Malthusians
Many believe that a “Malthusian” catastrophe could still occur 1.
Sustainability - How will we keep up with food demand w/ a pop. of 10 billion?
2.
Increasing
per capita
demand - avg. 1st world citizen consumes 8X the 3rd world citizen. As the world becomes more developed, so will the demand for more food.
3.
Natural Resource Depletion - over-consumption of other resources like timber, minerals, energy and non-renewables. Will a world of 10 billion have enough materials to create shelters and energy to heat homes?
Overpopulation
• • Is overpopulation the greatest threat facing the world today?
What are your initial reactions to this question? What do we need to know to be able to debate this question?
• • • Do Now: 11/8
How do geographers define overpopulation?
Who was Malthus and what was his theory regarding world over/population?
Why was he wrong?
Fig. 2-20: Malthus predicted population would grow faster than food production, but food production actually expanded faster than population in the 2nd half of the 20th century.
World Population Growth
• What does world population growth look • • like on a map?
http://www.breathingearth.net
/ As you analyze the following map, respond to this question: What are the geographic patterns or trends that you see regarding population growth and/or CO2 consumption?
Demographic Transition Model
• shows what happens to a country’s population as it becomes industrialized.
• • Countries move forward not backwards Tracks Birth Rate, Death Rate, and Total Population
Demographic • Transition Model
You will create a children’s book explaining the
Children’s Book
must include the following components:
• • • •
A cover sheet Introduction to Demography Simple explanations for each of the stages in the DTM Conclusion - Why is this model significant? What does this model mean for our world?
•
The book must be written simply and in your own words. Refer to your notes, the text, class
Your Demographic Transition Model
• 3 colors for Birth Rate, Death Rate, and Total Population • define each stage on the back
World Population Movie
• • While watching the video, fill in as much detail as you can on your Demographic Transition Model / http://www.ined.fr/en/everything_about_ population/animations/world_population
Stage 1
• • • • Hunting & Gathering Societies unstable food sources high death, high birth, low population no countries in stage 1 in today’s world
Stage 2
• • • • • • Agricultural Societies very basic farming - no tech.
more stable food sources sharp increase in population death rate declines sharply most African countries in stage 2
Stage 3
• • • Industrial societies mechanized farming children don’t work, more women work TFR goes down • United States today (why stage 3 not stage 4?) • • Birth Rate drops Why?
Death Rate already low keeps falling Why?
Stage 4
• • • • • • • Tertiary / Service-Based Societies Birth & Death rates almost equal zero population growth When TFE falls below 2, what happens?
fewer children - Why? economic liability greater control over fertility - contraceptives
DTM - Summary
• • Take 5-7 minutes and write the 1st draft introductory paragraph to your children’s book.
Explain what the demographic transition model is and what it demonstrates.
Do Now: Tuesday • • •
Take out your notes and label your sheet: Population Pyramids
•
Get out your textbook and turn to Ch. 2 Key Issue 3 Answer: What happens to a country’s population as it goes through the demographic transition?
Population Pyramids
• • A bar graph displaying a country’s age/gender distribution.
Takes current demographic data and displays it visually.
Pop. Pyramids & Demographic Transition Model
• What is the relationship between population pyramids and the demographic transition model?
Stage 1 of Dem. Trans.
• What are the characteristics of Stage 1 - how do you see these in the Pop. Pyramid?
Stage 2
• Cape Verde - What happened in this country?
• What is currently happening in this country?
Stage 3
• What has happened to Chile over the past 100+ years?
• How do you know that they are in Stage 3 by looking at the population pyramid?
Stage 4
• • What is happening to this population?
When did the population of Denmark begin to decline?
Do Now:
1. City
• • Thursday 11/11
Find your name on the sheet and sit in your group.
Look at the following population pyramids, and describe what you think is going on in that region based on the data presented.
2. County 3. City
Population Pyramids Review
• What information can we get from population pyramids?
• How much time does a population pyramid cover?
• Why are they useful to look at?
Objective •
We will evaluate how economic, political, and cultural factors influence population growth and/or decline throughout the world.
Reminders:
• • • • • Today: Demographic Transition Children’s Book Monday 11/15 Vocab Quiz All of Chapter 2 Friday 11/19 Chapter 3 Quiz 12/1 & 12/2 Unit 2 Test Friday 12/3 North Africa Map Quiz
Unit 2 Focus
• • •
Questions
Where is the world’s population distributed?
How do geographers measure population increase and decline? TFR, IMR, CBR, CDR, NIR • How can population growth and decline data be visualized?
How do economic, political, and cultural factors influence population growth and decline?
Economic Factors
• How does economic development impact population growth and/or decline?
• • • • www.gapminder.org
Income vs. Life Expectancy Income vs. CBR & TFR Income vs. IMR
Political Factors
• • • • • • China - One Child Policy Why?
How?
What would you expect might happen?
intended & unintended consequences Cultural factors influencing impact
Political Factors
• What kind of political factors would you expect to influence population growth/decline?
• •
Political Factors
Women’s rights Gapminder: Literacy rate for adult females vs. TFE • • predictions?
http://www.moe.gov.pk
/MDGs/Millennium%2 0Development%20Go als%20Gender%20Eq uality.htm
Cultural Factors
• What kind of cultural factors would you expect to influence population growth/decline?
Cultural Factors
• • Christianity in Africa prevent from using birth control
Do Now: 11/12
• • • • Pick up the 1st Quarter Summary Quickly take your seats in your groups.
You will have 15 minutes to complete it. 20 pts will be given as each question is answered in detail.
Objectives •
We will evaluate how economic, political, and cultural factors influence population growth and/or decline throughout the world.
•
We will review student selected concepts from the Ch. 2 Quiz
Article Summary
• You will take 5 minutes to discuss your article. Compare your notes on the economic, political, and/or cultural factors mentioned, they will be collected.
• All group members should be prepared provide a brief summary of the article issue, and the factors involved.
Free Write
• On the scrap of paper, write a 1-2 sentence response to the following question. Refer to specific information • that we learned today:
How do economic, political, and cultural factors influence population growth and decline?
Reminders:
• This Monday 11/15
Vocab Quiz All of Chapter 2
• For this Monday: Read Ch. 3 Key Issue 1 • Monday 11/22 Chapter 3 Quiz (20 questions) • • 12/1 & 12/2 Unit 2 Test Friday 12/3 North Africa Map Quiz
Do Now: 11/15
• • Pick up a scrap of paper and take a seat in your groups.
Write your name on the scrap of paper and label it : Chapter 2 Vocab Quiz #2
Do Now Pt. 2 : 11/15 •
Take out your Unit 2 notes and respond to the
•
following questions: What are the different kinds of health threats / diseases that threaten population growth?
•
Can you give an example of a health threat that would only apply to an LDC? an MDC?
Objective
• We will evaluate how different health threats impact countries differently by applying the epidemiologic transition.
Focus Questions
1.
What have been, and are today the most significant world health threats?
2.
Why and how do different health threats impact different countries?
3.
How does understanding these differences help us to prevent and/or eradicate these sicknesses?
• News Report Activity
In your groups, you will create a news report explaining a specific sickness.
•
In your report, you will address the following
• • • • •
information: Where (& when) this sickness would most likely take place.
Specific details about your sickness.
How is this sickness spread?
How worried should people be? What should they do?
What will be the likely end result of this sickness?
Epidemiology
• • Chapter 2 Key Issue 4 • Branch of medical • science concerned with diseases that impact large numbers of people
Why do you think epidemiology is so closely related to geography?
Epidemiological Transition
• Explains primary causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition • Developed by Omran in 1971
Epidemiological Transition
• Stage 1:
Stage of Pestilence and
• •
Famine
What causes high CDR in stage 1 of the demographic transition?
In stage 1, death is caused by starvation, disease, and general danger of living in the prehistoric world.
Epidemiological Transition
• • • Stage 2:
Stage of Receding Pandemics
Stage 2: What happens during stage 2 of demographic transition?
Stage 2 ET: High death rates persist • among the poor.
Ex. cholera - prevalent in urban areas
Epidemiological Transition
• Stage 3:
Stage of Degenerative and Human-Created
•
Diseases
less infectious disease - more chronic disorders from aging (examples?) • Cardiovascular (heart) and various cancers
Epidemiological Transition
• Stage 4:
Delayed
• •
Degenerative Diseases
Cardiovascular (heart) and cancers Old people kept alive through medical tech.
Epidemiological • Transition
Stage 5:
Reemergence of Infectious and
•
Parasitic Diseases
return of infectious diseases
• • • •
microbes evolve poverty improved travel How would each of these cause the spread of infectious diseases?
Example: H1N1
• • • • • Swine Flu What was it?
How was it spread?
What was the impact?
Which stage would it fit into?
H1N1 Newscast
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIqL9 9_NBlU
Instructions
• Directions: Your group will create a newscast describing, warning, and predicting the impact of a specific sickness. Use your knowledge of the epidemiological transition (pgs. 72-75) to provide accurate information on the time and place of the sickness, the cause of its spread, and its likely impact. Your news report can take place at any time and any place in history.
Exit Ticket
• • • What factors determine the stage of sicknesses that will impact a country?
Why do countries today still suffer from stage 1 and 2 sicknesses?
Why are some stage 1 and 2 sicknesses reoccurring in MDCs today?
Chapter 2 Quiz Questions
• • Take out your Chapter 2 quizzes.
Take 2 minutes to identify the question that you still have no idea what that question means and write it down on your slip of paper.