Transcript Chapter 10

Medical Terminology
A Living Language
Chapter 10
Reproductive System
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Reproductive System
at a Glance
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Functions of Female Reproductive System
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Produces ova
Provides location for fertilization
Provides location for development of fetus
Secretes female sex hormones
Produces milk to nourish infant
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Reproductive System
at a Glance

Organs of Female Reproductive System
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Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Vagina
Vulva
Breasts
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Combining Forms
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amni/o
cervic/o
chori/o
colp/o
culd/o
embry/o
episi/o
fet/o
amnion
neck, cervix
chorion
vagina
cul-de-sac
embryo
vulva
fetus
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Combining Forms
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gynec/o
hymen/o
hyster/o
lact/o
mamm/o
mast/o
men/o
metr/o
woman, female
hymen
uterus
milk
breast
breast
menses, menstruation
uterus
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Combining Forms
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nat/o
oophor/o
ov/o
ovari/o
perine/o
salping/o
uter/o
vagin/o
vulv/o
birth
ovary
egg
ovary
perineum
fallopian tubes, uterine tubes
uterus
vagina
vulva
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Female Suffixes
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–arche
–cyesis
–gravida
–para
–partum
–salpinx
–tocia
beginning
state of pregnancy
pregnancy
to bear (offspring)
childbirth
fallopian tube
labor, childbirth
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 10.10 – Photograph illustrating the development of an
embryo. (Petit Format/Nestle/Photo Researchers, Inc.)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 10.11 – Photograph illustrating the development of a fetus.
(Petit Format/Nestle/Photo Researchers, Inc.)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with amni/o & cervic/o
–otomy
amniotomy
incision into amnion
–tic
amniotic
pertaining to amnion
–rrhea
amniorrhea
flow from amnion
–ectomy
cervicectomy
surgical removal of cervix
–al
cervical
pertaining to cervix
endo– –itis endocervicitis
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
inflammation inside cervix
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Word Building with
chori/o, colp/o, embry/o, and episi/o
–nic
chorionic
pertaining to chorion
–scope
colposcope
instrument to view
inside vagina
–nic
embryonic
pertaining to embryo
–rrhaphy
episiorrhaphy
suture of vulva
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Word Building with
fet/o, gynec/o, and hymen/o
–al
fetal
pertaining to fetus
–ologist
gynecologist
female specialist
–ectomy
hymenectomy
surgical removal of
hymen
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Word Building with
hyster/o, lact/o, and lapar/o
–pexy
hysteropexy
surgical fixation of uterus
–rrhexis
hysterorrhexis
rupture of uterus
–ic
lactic
pertaining to milk
–rrhea
lactorrhea
milk discharge
–otomy
laparotomy
incision into abdomen
–scope
laparoscope
instrument to view inside
abdomen
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with mamm/o & mast/o
–gram
mammogram
X-ray record of breast
–ary
mammary
pertaining to breast
–plasty
mammoplasty
surgical repair of breast
–algia
mastalgia
breast pain
–itis
mastitis
inflammation of breast
–ectomy
mastectomy
removal of breast
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Word Building with men/o
a– –rrhea
amenorrhea
lack of menstrual flow
dys– –rrhea
dysmenorrhea
painful menstrual flow
oligo– –rrhea
oligomenorrhea scanty menstrual flow
–rrhagia
menorrhagia
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
rapid menstrual flow
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Word Building with metr/o & nat/o
endo– –itis
endometritis
inflammation within uterus
peri– –itis
perimetritis
inflammation around uterus
–rrhea
metrorrhea
flow from uterus
–rrhagia
metrorrhagia
rapid flow from uterus
neo–
neonate
newborn
neo–
–ologist
neonatologist specialist in newborn
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Word Building with
oophor/o, ovari/o, and salping/o
–itis
oophoritis
inflammation of ovary
–an
ovarian
pertaining to ovary
–cyesis
salpingocyesis
fallopian tube pregnancy
–ectomy salpingectomy
removal of fallopian tube
–itis
inflammation of fallopian tube
salpingitis
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with uter/o and vagin/o
–ine
uterine
pertaining to uterus
–al
vaginal
pertaining to vagina
–itis
vaginitis
inflammation of vagina
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with –cyesis & –gravida
pseudo–
pseudocyesis
false pregnancy
nulli–
nulligravida
no pregnancies
primi–
primigravida
first pregnancy
multi–
multigravida
multiple pregnancies
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with –para & –partum
nulli–
nullipara
no births
primi–
primipara
first birth
multi–
multipara
multiple births
ante–
antepartum
before birth
post–
postpartum
after birth
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with –salpinx & –tocia
hemato–
hematosalpinx
blood in fallopian tube
pyo–
pyosalpinx
pus in fallopian tube
dys–
dystocia
difficult labor and childbirth
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Female Reproductive System
Vocabulary
atresia
congenital lack of normal body opening
barrier
contraception
prevents sperm from meeting ovum;
condom, diaphragms
colostrum
thin fluid secreted by breast after
delivery before actual milk appears
fraternal twins
develop from two different ova fertilized
by two different sperm
gynecology
(GYN)
diagnosis and treatment of diseases of
female reproductive system
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Reproductive System
Vocabulary
hormonal
using hormones to block ovulation; no
contraception ovum to fertilize; pills, patch, implant
develop from the splitting of a single
identical twins
fertilized ovum
unable to produce children; no
infertility
pregnancy after properly timed
intercourse for one year
intrauterine
device inserted into uterus to prevent
device (IUD) pregnancy from establishing
meconium
first bowel movement of newborn
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 10.14 – Shape of two different intrauterine devices (IUDs).
(Jules Selmes and Debi Treloar/Dorling Kindersley Media Library)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Reproductive System
Vocabulary
diagnosis and treatment of diseases of
the newborn
obstetrics
diagnosis and treatment of women during
(OB)
pregnancy and childbirth
premenstrual symptoms appear just prior to menstrual
syndrome
period; irritability, headache, tender
(PMS)
breasts, and anxiety
beginning of menstruation and
puberty
reproductive years
neonatology
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Ovary Pathology
ovarian carcinoma malignant tumor of the ovaries
ovarian cyst
cysts developing in the ovaries; may
rupture causing pain and bleeding
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Uterus Pathology
cervical cancer
malignant tumor of the cervix
endometrial
cancer
malignant tumor of the lining of the
uterus
fibroid tumor
benign fibrous tumor in the uterus
excessive bleeding during menstrual
menometrorrhagia
period or between menstrual periods
fallen uterus; may cause cervix to
prolapsed uterus
protrude through vaginal opening
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Figure 10.15 – Common sites for the development of fibroid tumors.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Vagina Pathology
candidiasis
cystocele
rectocele
toxic shock
syndrome (TSS)
yeast infection of mucous membrane
lining of vagina
bladder presses backwards on
vaginal wall
rectum presses forward on vaginal
wall
staphylococcus infection occurring in
menstruating women; associated
with prolonged wearing of superabsorbent tampon
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Pelvic Cavity Pathology
endometriosis
occurs when endometrial tissue
flows backwards from uterus through
fallopian tubes and into pelvic cavity
pelvic
inflammatory
disease
bacterial infection that has spread
through female reproductive tract
and out into pelvic cavity
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Breast Pathology
breast cancer
malignant tumor of the breast tissue
fibrocystic breast
disease
appearance of fibrous tumors in
breast tissue; no association with
cancer
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Figure 10.16 – Comparison of breast cancer (A) and fibrocystic disease (B).
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Pregnancy Pathology
abruptio
placentae
eclampsia
hemolytic
disease of the
newborn (HDN)
placenta tears away from uterine wall
prior to delivery of baby
convulsions and coma occurring in
woman in late stages of pregnancy
occurs when mother is Rh– and baby
is Rh+; mother’s antibodies cross the
placenta and attack baby’s blood;
older name is erythroblastosis fetalis
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Pregnancy Pathology
placenta previa
placenta forms low in the uterus
overlying the opening to the cervix
preeclampsia
metabolic disease of pregnancy; may
result in true eclampsia; symptoms
include hypertension, headaches, and
edema; also called toxemia
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Figure 10.17 – Placenta previa.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Pregnancy Pathology
prolapsed
umbilical cord
spontaneous
abortion
stillbirth
if umbilical cord emerges from birth
canal before baby does, it will become
pinched between baby’s head & vaginal
wall, cutting off blood flow to baby
unplanned loss of pregnancy early in
gestation; commonly called a
miscarriage
death of a fetus of viable age; occurs
shortly before or at time of delivery
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Clinical Laboratory Tests
PAP smear
scraping of cervical cells is examined for
early signs of cervical cancer
pregnancy
test
chemical test to determine a pregnancy
during first few weeks
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Diagnostic Imaging
X-ray of uterus and fallopian
hysterosalpingography
tubes after injecting dye in
(HSG)
through cervix
X-ray of breast for detection of
mammography
breast cancer
use of ultrasound waves to
pelvic ultrasonography produce image of pelvic organs
or a fetus within the uterus
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Endoscopic Procedures
colposcopy
culdoscopy
laparoscopy
examination of the vagina using a
colposcope
examination of pelvic cavity behind the
uterus using a culdoscope introduced
through an incision in the vaginal wall
examination of the pelvic cavity and
organs using a laparoscope introduced
through an incision just below the navel
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Figure 10.18 – A laparoscopic examination; uterus is visible below
probe, ovary is at tip of probe, and fallopian tube along left side.
(Southern Illinois University/Photo Researchers, Inc.)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Obstetrical Diagnostic Procedures
removal of amniotic fluid using a needle;
fluid can be used to determine fetal
amniocentesis
maturity and developmental and genetic
disorders
evaluates newborn’s adjustment to
outside environment; observes color,
Apgar score
heart rate, respiratory rate, muscle tone,
and response to stimulus
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Obstetrical Diagnostic Procedures
chorionic villus
removal of a small piece of chorion for
sampling
genetic analysis
(CVS)
fetal
monitoring
electronic equipment on mother’s
abdomen or fetus’s scalp to check heart
rate during labor and delivery
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Additional Diagnostic Procedures
cervical
biopsy
endometrial
biopsy
(EMB)
pelvic
examination
removing a piece of cervical tissue to
examine for cancer
removing a sample of endometrial tissue
to examine for cancer
physical exam of vagina and adjacent
organs; a speculum is used to open the
vagina
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 10.19 – A speculum.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Surgical Treatments
cesarean section
(CS, C-section)
surgical delivery of baby through
abdominal incision
conization
removal of a core of cervical tissue
dilation & curettage dilation of cervix and scraping away
(D&C)
of endometrial lining
incision of perineum to widen birth
episiotomy
canal during delivery
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Surgical Treatments
lumpectomy
removal of breast lump and tissue
immediately surrounding it
simple mastectomy removal of breast tissue
radical mastectomy
removal of breast tissue plus chest
muscles and axillary lymph nodes
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Surgical Treatments
elective abortion
legal termination of an early
pregnancy
therapeutic
abortion
termination of a pregnancy for the
health of the mother
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Surgical Treatments
total abdominal
hysterectomybilateral salpingooophorectomy
(TAH-BSO)
vaginal
hysterectomy
tubal ligation
removal of the entire uterus, cervix,
both fallopian tubes, and both
ovaries through an abdominal
incision
removal of the uterus through vagina
rather than an abdominal incision
surgical tying off of fallopian tubes to
prevent conception
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Female Reproductive System
Pharmacology
abortifacient
fertility drug
terminates a pregnancy
Mifeprex,
Prostin E2
triggers ovulation
Clomid,
Gonal-F
hormone
replacement estrogen after
Cenestin,
replacement
menopause or loss of
Premarin
therapy (HRT) ovaries
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Female Reproductive System
Pharmacology
oral
contraceptive
pills (OCPs)
prevents conception by
blocking ovulation
Ortho-Cept,
Lo/Ovral
oxytocin
improves uterine
contractions during labor
and delivery
Pitocin,
Syntocinon
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Female Reproductive System
Abbreviations
AB
abortion
AI
artificial insemination
BSE
breast self-examination
CS, C-section
cesarean section
CVS
chorionic villus sampling
Cx
cervix
D&C
dilation and curettage
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Female Reproductive System
Abbreviations
EDC
estimated date of confinement
EMB
endometrial biopsy
ERT
estrogen replacement therapy
FEKG
fetal electrocardiogram
FHR
fetal heart rate
FHT
fetal heart tone
FSH
follicle stimulating hormone
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Female Reproductive System
Abbreviations
FTND
full term normal delivery
GI, grav I
first pregnancy
GYN, gyn
gynecology
HCG, hCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
HDN
hemolytic disease of the newborn
HPV
human papilloma virus
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
HSG
hysterosalpingography
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Female Reproductive System
Abbreviations
IUD
intrauterine device
IVF
in vitro fertilization
LBW
low birth weight
LH
luteinizing hormone
LMP
last menstrual period
NB
newborn
OB
obstetrics
OCPs
oral contraceptive pills
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Female Reproductive System
Abbreviations
PAP
Papanicolaou test
PI, para I
first birth
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
TAH-BSO
total abdominal hysterectomy-bilateral
salpingo-oophorectomy
TSS
toxic shock syndrome
UC
uterine contraction
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Reproductive System at a Glance

Functions of Male Reproductive System



Produces sperm
Delivers sperm to female reproductive tract
Secretes male sex hormones
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Male Reproductive System at a Glance

Organs of Male Reproductive System







Testes
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland
Penis
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Combining Forms







andr/o
balan/o
crypt/o
epididym/o
orch/o
orchi/o
orchid/o
male
glans penis
hidden
epididymis
testes
testes
testes
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Combining Forms






prostat/o
spermat/o
testicul/o
varic/o
vas/o
vesicul/o
prostate
sperm
testes
varicose veins
vas deferens
seminal vesicle
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Suffixes

–spermia
condition of sperm
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 10.21 – Electronmicrograph of human sperm. (Juergen
Berger, Max-Planck Institute/Science Photo Library/Photo
Researchers, Inc.)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with andr/o & balan/o
–gen
androgen
male producing
–pathy
andropathy
male disease
–itis
balanitis
inflammation of glans penis
–plasty
balanoplasty
surgical repair of glans penis
–rrhea
balanorrhea
discharge from glans penis
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with epididym/o & orch/o
–ectomy
epididymectomy removal of epididymis
–al
epididymal
pertaining to epididymis
–itis
epididymitis
inflammation of epididymis
an– –ism
anorchism
condition of no testes
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with orchi/o & orchid/o
–ectomy
orchiectomy
removal of testes
–otomy
orchiotomy
incision into testes
–plasty
orchioplasty
surgical repair of testes
–ectomy
orchidectomy
removal of testes
–pexy
orchidopexy
surgical fixation of testes
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with prostat/o &
spermat/o
–itis
prostatitis
inflammation of prostate
–ectomy
prostatectomy
removal of prostate
–ic
prostatic
pertaining to prostate
–ic
spermatic
pertaining to sperm
–lysis
spermatolysis
destruction of sperm
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with testicul/o &
vesicul/o
–ar
testicular
pertaining to testes
–ar
vesicular
pertaining to seminal
vesicles
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with –spermia
a–
aspermia
condition of no sperm
oligo–
oligospermia
condition of scanty sperm
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Reproductive System Vocabulary
erectile
dysfunction
(ED)
sterility
inability to engage in sexual intercourse
due to inability to maintain an erection;
also called impotence
inability to father children due to a
problem with spermatogenesis
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Testes Pathology
cryptorchidism
failure of testes to descend into
scrotum before birth
hydrocele
accumulation of fluid around testes or
along spermatic cord
testicular
carcinoma
malignant tumor of testes
testicular torsion
twisting of spermatic cord
varicocele
varicose veins of the spermatic cord
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Prostate Gland Pathology
benign prostatic
hypertrophy
(BPH)
noncancerous enlargement of
prostate gland; common in older men
prostate cancer
malignant tumor of prostate gland
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Penis Pathology
epispadias
congenital opening of urethra on dorsal
surface of penis
hypospadias
congenital opening of urethra on
underside of penis
phimosis
narrowing of prepuce; constricts glans
penis
priapism
persistent and painful erection; caused
by pathology, not sexual stimulation
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Sexually Transmitted Disease
chancroid highly infections non-syphilitic venereal ulcer
chlamydia bacterial genital infection in males & females
genital
herpes
genital
warts
gonorrhea
(GC)
viral infection that appears like blisters
warts on the genitalia of both males &
females; caused by a virus
bacterial infection of mucous membranes of
males & females
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Sexually Transmitted Disease
human
immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)
sexually
transmitted
disease (STD)
syphilis
trichomoniasis
sexually transmitted virus that attacks
immune system
disease usually acquired as a result
of sexual intercourse; formerly called
venereal disease (VD)
chronic bacterial infection; attacks
multiple organs including brain
genitourinary infection caused by a
protist in both males and females
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Clinical Laboratory Tests
prostate-specific blood test to screen for prostate
antigen (PSA)
cancer
semen analysis
part of fertility workup; analyzed for
number, swimming strength, and
shape
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Additional Diagnostic Tests
digital rectal
manual examination for enlarged prostate
exam (DRE)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Surgical Procedures
castration
removal of testes
circumcision
removal of prepuce
orchidopexy
sterilization
surgical fixation to pin undescended
testes in scrotum
process of rendering a male or
female unable to conceive children
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Surgical Procedures
transurethral resection
removal of prostate tissue by
of prostate (TUR,
inserting device through urethra
TURP)
removal of a segment of vas
vasectomy
deferens to prevent sperm from
ejaculating
reconnects ends of vas deferens
vasovasostomy
to reverse a vasectomy
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 10.23 – A vasectomy.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Reproductive System
Pharmacology
androgen therapy
replacement of male
hormones
Andronate,
DepAndro
antiprostatic
agents
shrinks benign
prostatic hypertrophy
Proscar,
Avodart
erectile
temporarily produces
dysfunction agents erection
Viagra, Cialis
spermatocide
Semicid,
Ortho-Gynol
destroys sperm
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Reproductive System
Abbreviations
BPH
benign prostatic hypertrophy
DRE
digital rectal exam
ED
erectile dysfunction
GC
gonorrhea
GU
genitourinary
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Male Reproductive System
Abbreviations
RPR
rapid plasma reagin (test for syphilis)
SPP
suprapubic prostatectomy
STD
sexually transmitted disease
TUR
transurethral resection
TURP
transurethral resection of prostate
VD
venereal disease
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.