Transcript PowerPoint-Präsentation
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Österreichisches Forschungsinstitut
für Chemie und Technik
Austrian Research Institute for Chemistry & Technology CONSTRUCTION BIOENERGY PLASTIC PRODUCTS SURFACE TECHNOLOGY PHARMA CERTIFICATION
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Locations & Scope of Work
Location
1030 Vienna, Arsenal
Location
1110 Vienna, Brehmstraße
Applied Polymer Technology Surface Technology Building & Construction Sports technology
starting summer 2010:
New location at
TFZ Wr. Neustadt
Packaging Pharma & Medical Devices Bio energy Food & Feed analysis Member of
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Our Focus
Polymer Technology
Processing & application of polymers, elastomers, paints, coatings and adhesives
Building & Construction
Building materials, structural monitoring, dehumidification of masonry, sports technology
Pharma & Packaging
Trace analysis, stability studies, packaging development; food & feed analysis
Biomass fuels
Manufacturing method, quality assurance, plant design Member of
Agenda
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What can you expect?
Current discussion Definition – what are EDCs?
Assay methods and first results What can we do?
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Studies on BPA
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NTP (NIH) USA 09/2008: At current exposure of the U.S. population: Developmental toxicity to fetuses / infants : „some concern for adverse effects (brain, behavior, prostate)“ Federal Office of Public Health (Switzerland) (2009): „No risk to consumers “ Problem of evasion to other / worse characterized ingredients Statement of the Endocrine Society 06/2009: „ EDCs are a significant concern to public health “ Statement of the BfR 10/2009: „ No health risk. No risk to infants and young children .“ Member of
Actual situation
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EDCs in contact with food – plastic, paper, laminates, coated metal cans...
Effects of EDCs in packaging : • Potential danger (but not proven) • • Currently concentration on a few substances Large number of potential EDCs in packaging Need for action: • Analysis (Bioanalytsis; chemical analysis) • • Toxicological studies
There are no comprehensive studies on EDCs in packaging
•
Reduction of the EDC burden of packaging
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Definition ED
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Endocrine Disruptors (EDCs)
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Definition
: EPA Exogenous substances that act like hormones and disrupt the physiologic function of the endocrine system European comission Exogenous substances that act like hormones, disrupt the physiologic function of the endocrine system and cause adverse
health effects
.
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Effects on the environment
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Change of sex organs
Purple snail (TBT) Alligators (DDT, Dicofol)
Accumulation during food chain
Example. PCB: Polar bear: 3 billion times the concentration originally found in water Member of
EDCs in plastic
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Monomers, stabilizers, plasticizers, antioxidants, contaminants ...
Bisphenol A Alkylphenols (Nonylphenol) Phthalates Problem: migration out of the plastic into the food Member of
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Why estrogens?
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Xenoestrogens
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Act like the primary female sex hormone estrogen Estrogen is involved in the regulation of many sensitive developing steps and metabolism functions in both men and women A disfunction of these mechanisms can cause reproductive problems, developmental disorders or cancer Member of
German study: high estrogenic activity in mineral water
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Authors assume that plastic bottles are the source BUT: other reasons possible Highly contraversal study Direct analysis of the plastic bottles necessary (PET-Bottle, screw cap) Member of
Selection of bioassays
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• • Yeast-Bioassays (YES / YAS) Aspergillus Screen (highly sensitive reportersystem) • Cell cultures (breast cancer-, prostate cancer celllines) – E-Screen • Reproductiontests with
Potamopyrgus antipodarum
• ...
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Bioassays
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Reporter gene assays:
• YES – Yeast Estrogen Screen (2 different strains) • Aspergillus nidulans - Bioassay
Principle
• • • • • Cloned gene for human estrogen receptor Binding of estrogen or endocrine disruptor (e.g. plastic additive) activates receptor Expression of ß-Galaktosidase Conversion of CPRG (yellow) => CPR (red) Photometric measurement Member of
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Effects of estrogens
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Reportergen-Assay
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Extraction vs. migration
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Total extraction
• ASE – Accelerated Solvent Extraction
Food simulants
• Water • • • 3% Acetic acid 50% Ethanol Isooctane Member of
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17ß-Estradiol standard curve Limit of detection
: 10 pM
Limit of quantification
: 20 pM Member of
First results
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Materials
PP Yeast strain 1 Yeast strain 2 HDPE Yeast strain 1 Yeast strain 2 PET Yeast strain 1 Yeast strain 2
*EEQ… 17ß-estradiolequivalent
total negative positive (pg EEQ* / g sample) Limit of detection [pg EEQ/g sample] 23 23 22 23 1 0
400 120
13 13 12 12 1 1
2000 1000 6
19 19 17 14 2 5
10 / 50 50 - 80 Member of
Plasticadditives
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Positive HDPE-sample: Bisphenol A: ca. 20 40 µg / g sample Benzylbutylphthalat: ca. 200 400 µg / g sample Member of
Plasticsamples
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12 PET-bottles and PET-bottles preforms 4 PET-foils 13 screw caps 3 recycling flakes 6 positive samples, relatively low activities Member of
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Results
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Interpretation
Estrogen active substances can be found in plastics Low activity, but synthetical estrogens have a higher risk potential than natural estrogens Experiments with food simulants: no activity found In vitro - studies give no information on actual effects in humans Member of
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Why bioassays ?
Advantages
Measurement Integration of of known and unknown substances synergistic effects (mixing effects) Evaluation of the complete package Simple screening tool Evaluation of toxicological effects No direct hints on in vivo effects possible Member of
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Bioassays
Disadvantages
False negative results possible No conclusion about possible • in vivo effects only show: hormone binding to receptor Technical problems simulants ...) (solubilities / extracting agents / food No information of hormone activity which substances are causing the Combination with chemical analytic Member of
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Chemical Analysis
Chemical analysis
• Development of testing methods disruptors in packaging / food for endocrine • Goal: Development of a frequent EDCs multimethode for the 50 most • • GC/MS LC/MS n Member of
Next step: E-screen
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In-vitro bioassay Human breast cancer cells (MCF 7 cells) No genetical modification Reproduction of the cancer cell line dependents on estrogens Reproduction of the cells (proliferation) is determined in comparison to a negative control and to estrogen standards high sensitivity (ca. 1 pmol/l) Member of
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COIN
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COIN program line „structure"
Funding authority: FFG on behalf of
bmvit
and BMWFJ
Dimension
: national
Goals of the program
• Development and improvement of key competences and functions • for providers of application-oriented F&E&I-expertise • particularly towards the KMU
Runtime
: 01.09.2010 until 30.08.2014 (48 months)
Volume of the project
: 1,8 Mio.
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Goal:
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Establishment
of new bioanalytical methods
Characterization of the total hormone burden of food contact materials (plastics, coated metal packaging, paper) Bio-Assay-Battery Sensitivity, standardization and high-throughput-analytic Chemical detection for the 50 most important EDCs in the ppb-range (preferable GC/MS) Member of
Advisory board
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International Scientific Advisory Board • • • • Toxicologists Food / Packaging analysts Reference laboratory Authorities Project Advisory Committee • Project partners (institutions) • Participating companies Member of
Partners / Participating Companies
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The following companies already joined the project : Plastics Europe Deutschland Tetra Holdings GmbH NÖM MAM Babyartikel GmbH Verein für Konsumenteninformation (VKI) REWE Teich AG ALPLA SIG Combibloc The following companies have expressed their interest: Greiner Packaging EREMA Miraplast MM Karton Member of
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For any questions please contact: DI Dr. Johannes Bergmair
(DW 976, E-Mail: [email protected])
- Hotline
ofi Research Institute
Brehmstraße 14A 1110 Vienna
+43-(0)1-798 16 01 -DW
+43-(0)1-798 16 01- 480
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