Transcript Document
Video Production Chapter 1 Three Types of Production » Studio » Field Production » Remote Production Differences of the Production Types » Studio Controlled Environment » Air Conditioned » TV Lights » Noise Controlled In a Television Oriented Space Protected » Field and Remote Uncontrollable Environment » Weather Elements » Daylight » Traffic Noise Not TV Friendly Unprotected Studio Production » Types of Productions News Game shows Talk shows Morning shows Situation comedies Soap operas » More than 75% of things you watch CSI Desperate Housewives Bing Bang Theory The Bachelor Physical Studio Elements » » » » » » Large Room Concrete Floor 12 to 14 foot Ceilings Located on Ground Floor Large Doors Sound Proofing Walls and Material Technical Studio Elements » Lots of Power - Electric » Monitors » Headsets Intercom System » Talkback System or Studio Address » IFB (interruptible feedback) Earpieces The Control Room » The Operation Center for the Director » Usually a window between studio and Control Room » Technical Equipment Equipment in Control Room » » » » » » » Camera Monitors Switcher Audio Console Graphics Generator Server or Recorder Dimmer Board Prompter Studio Layout Field Production » Usually involves a camcorder » The “real world” is the set. » Natural Lighting by the sun. Remote Production » Combination of Studio and Field Production » May require more cameras than studio production Large Venue Audio difficult » Usually uses a “TV Truck” The Production Path » Transducing - Converting what we hear or see into electrical energy, or vice versa. » Channeling - Moving video and sound from one place to another » Selecting/Altering - Selecting a signal and altering a signal. » Monitoring - allows you to hear and see material you are working with at various stages. » Recording and Playback Transducing » Speaking into a Microphone Turns sound into electrical waveforms » Diaphragm in the microphone Speaker does opposite » Light into a Camera Turns light waves into electrical waveforms » Camera Sensor Monitor does opposite Channeling » Cables Transfer the electrical energy » Connector Common way for the electrical energy to enter and exit equipment Selecting and Altering Signals that are transduced by microphones or cameras and channeled with wires and connectors usually go to an audio console or video switcher where they can be selected and altering can take place. Monitoring » Preview Monitors - Set up Shots before it goes to broadcast » Program Monitor - Displays what is currently being broadcast. » VU Meter - How loud audio is. » Waveform Monitor - How bright different parts of the camera image are Two Forms of Signal » Analog » Digital Analog » NTSC Aka. Standard Definition (SD) Aspect Ratio - The relationship of the height of the screen to its width. » 720 x 480 Square like 525 lines of resolution » Can Travel over Airwaves Need an antennae Digital » High Definition (HD) Sharper Image Aspect Ratio(s) » 1280 x 720 (HD 720) » 1920 x 1080 (HD 1080) » Need a Channel to Distribute the Signal Wire Early Television » After WWII it quickly grew in popularity and replaced radio as the main information and entertainment medium. » ABC, CBS, NBC - dominated early TV. » During the 1950’s live drama, variety and quiz game shows were popular. » In the 1980’s an 1990’s Cable and Satelite stole viewers from the traditional TV Networks. Recent TV History » The current audience is fragmenting into smaller segments. » The broadcast TV industry consists of program suppliers, distributors and local stations. » Big conglomerates own the major TV networks. » Public broadcasting relies less on tax revenues and more on private sources of funding. » The Neilson company compiles both network and local station television ratings.