Transcript Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Biology Partnership
(A Teacher Quality Grant)
Photosynthesis and
Cellular Respiration
February 22, 2014
Nancy Dow
Jill Hansen
Tammy Stundon
Gulf Coast State College
Panhandle Area Educational Consortium
5230 West Highway 98
753 West Boulevard
Panama City, Florida 32401
Chipley, Florida 32428
850-769-1551
877-873-7232
www.gulfcoast.edu
Pre-test
Q and A board
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar?
How do plants and animals
get their energy?
What makes ATP so special?
Florida Next Generation
Sunshine State Standards
• SC.912.L.18.9 Explain the interrelated nature of
• photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
• SC.912.L.18.7 Identify the reactants, products,
and basic functions of photosynthesis.
• SC.912.L.18.8 Identify the reactants, products,
and basic functions of aerobic and anaerobic
cellular respiration.
• SC.912.L.18.10 Connect the role of (ATP) to
energy transfers within a cell
Item Specs
Benchmark Clarifications
• Students will explain how the products of photosynthesis are used as
reactants for cellular respiration and vice versa.
• Students will explain how photosynthesis stores energy in organic compounds and
cellular respiration releases energy from organic compounds
• Students will identify the reactants, products and/or the basic function of
photosynthesis.
• Students will identify the reactants, products and/or the basic functions of aerobic
and anaerobic cellular respiration.
• Students will connect the roles of ATP to energy transfers within the cells
Content Limits
• Items will not require the memorization of the stages, specific
events, or intermediate molecules produced during these processes.
• Items will not require the balancing of equations.
• Items will not assess plant structures.
Stimulus Attributes
• Scenarios may include chemical equations.
Photosynthesis – Who Does It?
• Song
Autotrophs
• plants
• protists*
• bacteria*
Heterotrophs (consumer)
• get their energy from “eating others”
• consumers of other organisms
• consume organic molecules
Autotrophs
• get their energy from “self”
• get their energy from sunlight
• use light energy to synthesize organic molecules
Photosynthesis Foldable
We’ll add the cellular respiration later…
Photosynthesis – Where Does it Happen?
Obtaining raw materials:
Sunlight: leaves (solar collectors)
CO2: stoma = gas exchange
H2O: uptake from roots
Nutrients: uptake from roots
An Overview of Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophic
organisms use light energy to make sugar and
oxygen gas from carbon dioxide and water
Carbon
dioxide
Water
Glucose
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Oxygen
gas
The Process of Photosynthesis
Two Primary Reactions
Photosynthesis: Let's Get Into This
Two Parts of Photosynthesis
1.Light Reaction or Light Dependent Reaction
Produces energy from solar power
(photons) in the form of ATP and
NADPH (e- carriers)
Uses solar energy to ‘charge’
up for 2nd reaction
Photosynthesis (TMBG)
Two Parts of Photosynthesis
2. Light Independent Reaction (aka the
Dark Rxn or the Calvin Cycle)
Also called Carbon Fixation or C3
Fixation
Uses energy (ATP and NADPH) from
light reaction to make sugar (glucose).
Takes the energy created in the
light reactions to make sugar
An Overview of Photosynthesis
The light reactions
convert solar energy to
chemical energy
Light
Chloroplast
– Produce ATP & NADPH
The light ind. makes sugar
from carbon dioxide
– ATP generated by the light
reactions provides the energy for
sugar synthesis
– The NADPH produced by the
light reactions provides the
electrons for the reduction of
carbon dioxide to glucose
NADP
ADP
+P
Light
reactions
Calvin
cycle
3D Photosynthesis Model
Photosynthesis Equation
Photosynthesis
6CO2 +6H20 + light  C6H1206 + 6O2
Reduction of carbon dioxide into carbohydrate via the
oxidation of energy carriers (ATP, NADPH)
Light reactions energize the carriers
“Dark” reactions (Calvin Cycle) produce PGAL
(phosphoglyceraldehyde) or G3P – all versions of sugar
Photosynthesis Formula Game
A Look at Light
When light strikes a leaf…
It can be
– Absorbed
– Reflected or bounced
back
– Transmitted or
passed through
Plants are green because they absorb light wavelengths in red
& blue and reflect green back out
Light and Photosynthesis Lab
How Does Photosynthesis Relate
to Cellular Repiration?
Heterotrophs
making energy & organic molecules from ingesting organic molecules
glucose + oxygen  carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 +
6O2
 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Autotrophs
making energy & organic molecules from light energy
carbon
dioxide
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
How Does Photosynthesis Relate
to Cellular Repiration?
Cutest Angry
Little Seed Rap
How Does Photosynthesis Relate
to Cellular Respiration?
At the base of every food chain
If you think about it….ALL LIFE
starts with the sun
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
ACR Rap
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Respiration
Two Types of Respiration
1. Cellular Respiration – (aerobic)
•
-requires O2 and sugar is
completely broken down into
CO2 ATP, and H2O
2. Fermentation – (anaerobic)
•
-No O2 is present and sugar is
broken down into lactic acid
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
To produce ATP - 3 main reactions
I.
Glycolysis - occurs in cytoplasm
•
•
Starts with sugar (glucose) C6H12O6
Enzyme reacts with the sugar breaking it
down into pyruvate (taken to next step)
2 ATP molecules produced
•
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
To produce ATP - 3 main reactions
II. Krebs Cycle - occurs in mitochondria
•
•
•
•
•
Starts with pyruvate (which has been modified)*
Enzymes break it down through a cycle – repeats twice
(2 molecules produced in glycolysis)
Carbon ‘spun off’ as a by product (as CO2)
Lots of H+ ions produced (charged)
2 ATP molecules produced
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
To produce ATP - 3 main reactions
III. Electron Transport Chain - in the mitochondria
•
•
•
•
The hydrogen from the first 2 reactions is brought
here by electron carriers (NAD and FADs)
A gradient is created by the proteins in the membrane
which drives the pump (ATP synthase)
Oxygen (final electron acceptor) bonds with H+ to
form water
32 ATP produced!
Energy lost in the
form of
HEAT
LIGHT
energy from
the sun
CHEMICAL energy
stored in plants
Recall the First Law of Thermodynamics!!

Food is a form of CHEMICAL energy!
Glucose
C6H12O6
CHEMICAL ENERGY
A form of potential energy
stored in chemical bonds
ENERGY
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) AND ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE (ADP)
Adenine
Phosphate groups
Ribose (sugar)
ATP
Separate
Pi phosphate
group
High-energy
bonds
ENERGY
Symbol for ATP
used in this book
The green halo represents ATP’s
potential energy.
Adenine
Phosphate
groups
Ribose (sugar)
ADP
Symbol for ADP
used in this book
ATP
ENERGY
ENERGY
Energy released
from the breakdown
of food
ADP

Pi
Energy to
do work
ATP can be used and recycled
hundreds of thousands of times!
Dixie Cup Respiration
Fermentation
Fermentation
Fermentation
Both occur when oxygen
is not available
Why we ‘feel the burn’
when exerting our muscles
Balloon Lab
Manipulative Time!
Ipad Demo
Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration in Organisms
Photosynthesis in Animals?
Blossoming
into Science
Virtual Lab On Pigments
Leaf Disc Assay (Step by Step with pics)
Virtual Respiration Lab
Illuminating Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis vs Chemosynthesis
Hand-drawn (detailed) Respiration
Marathon Mouse Lab
Simple LimeWater Lab
Follow up
•Q & A
•Post Test