Driving the Optical Reboot:

Technical Advances Towards Terabit Networking

Geoff Bennett

Director, Solutions & Technology

1 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

What is the “Optical Reboot”?

 Coined by Andrew Schmitt from Infonetics • • Describes the

transformation

(as opposed to evolution) of optical transport networks in response to an exponential growth in demand Characteristics include: • The move to coherent transmission • The need for integrated OTN switching • The need for CDC ROADM technology • This will be the focus for my presentation The need for a dynamic control plane (eg. GMPLS) 2 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Agenda

   Coherent technologies enable 100Gb/s transmission, with outstanding

reach

and

spectral efficiency

But how do we continue to scale the

operational

aspects of coherent technology?

• Moving beyond 100Gb/s per channel • Coherent super-channels Engineering the “ideal super-channel” • • The move to multi-carrier The role of photonic integration 3 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

The “miracle” of coherent transmission

10Gb/s 80

per channel channels =

800Gb/s

A simple transmitter, and even simpler detector with no significant signal processing

100Gb/s

per channel

80

channels =

8Tb/s

A

complex

transmitter, and even

more complex very significant

detector with signal processing Tx Rx Modulator Photodetector Tx Rx 4 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Internet demand is growing at 30-40% CAGR:

How do we go “Beyond 100G”?

100Gb/s Coherent Technology Today the opto electronics does not have the power to sample beyond about

32GBaud

Delivers 100Gb/s, single carrier, PM-QPSK with 3,000km reach Wait for the electronics to “catch up” Competitive disadvantage Use “higher order” modulation (eg. 16QAM) to take the load off the electronics

Complementary

16QAM is a “metro reach” modulation

techniques

Use multi-carrier super-channels Broad industry consensus that super-channels 5 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary are the way forward for >100G

Moving to

multi-carrier

super-channels

Single Carrier

500Gb/s SC-PM-QPSK

Dual Carrier

500Gb/s DC-PM-QPSK

Ten Carrier

500Gb/s 10C-PM-QPSK 190 GHz 1 Laser 4 modulators

160

Gbaud Electronics

Time to Market: ~7 years

190 GHz 2 Lasers 8 modulators

80

Gbaud Electronics

Time to Market: ~5 years

190 GHz 10 Lasers 40 Modulators

16

GBaud electronics

Time to Market: NOW

Must be

spectrally efficient

, and

possible to manufacture

6 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Controlling the “Component Explosion”:

The Power of Large Scale PICs

   Coherent Super-Channel Tx circuit is complex Coherent Super-Channel Rx circuit is

even more complex

Unless… Optical Functions Integrated Fiber Connections Eliminated 7 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary >600 ~250

PICs Deliver Massive Capacity:

With Lower Power and Space

Coherent (Electronics) Optical (Photonics) 500G Module Example

FlexCoherent™ Processor (FCP) 3 rd Gen 500G PIC .78W / Gbs Conventional Solution Coherent ASIC

8 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

3 rd party optics 2.8 W / Gbps

Infinera est. for currently avail. product operating at 25°C

PICs deliver performance without compromise

• • • Industry leading performance Peak PMD tolerance to 500ps Tolerant to high speed PMD transients – 10,000 rad/s + 500G Tx Module 500G Rx Module Rahn, J.; Sun, H.; Wu, K.T.; Basch, B.E. IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2012, Issue 99:

Real-Time PMD Tolerance Measurements of a PIC Based 500Gb/s Coherent Optical Modem

9 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Scaling with FlexCoherent Super-Channels

 Software Selectable Ability to optimize reach vs. capacity on a given link • Per super-channel modulation format control 6000

PM-QPSK PM-8QAM

3000 1500 700

PM-BPSK PM-16QAM

Reach Capacity Infinera: Leading the way forward in coherent technology 10 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Without Super-Channels

The way 500Gb/s is brought into service today 100G Line Card 100G Line Card 100G Line Card 100G Line Card 100G Line Card    Bulky Power-hungry Does not scale operationally 11 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

With Super-Channels

12 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary A super-channel implements multiple carriers - ideally in a single line card… It’s

practical

to build… All carriers provisioned in

single operational cycle

… Line Card And is seen as a

single unit of capacity

by the services that use it It has excellent optical performance

Heavy Reading White Paper

Available free at : www.infinera.com/solutions/whitepapers.html

“As suppliers look to 100G and beyond, we are hearing an increasing consensus among them that the super-channel is the best solution.” “As we move to the 100G era and beyond, the use of photonic integration becomes more pervasive and, ultimately, mandatory.”

Sterling Perrin

Senior Analyst, Heavy Reading

13 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

The Submarine Networking Reboot:

Match Transmission Capacity to Useful Cable Life

Useful life of typical submarine cable

25-30 years

but…

30% CAGR for 25 years

>700 times increase

“Evolution” of the line system can only deliver a limited increase in capacity – to meet predicted demand increase, an “optical reboot” is essential Original submarine line system 14 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary Phase 1 upgrade 2.5G->10G Phase 2 upgrade 10G – 100G

CANALINK Network Deployment

PENINSULA CT SEV-ADIF CT SEV-TELVENT

Phase 1

PIC-based line system delivers ~10X capacity increase

CT ROTA

LA BALLENA BMH CONIL BMH

CT JEREZ CT CONIL CT CALP

BAJAMAR BMH

LA PALMA

ASILAH BMH

CT GUIMAR CT GRANADILLA (NAP D-ALiX)

CANDELARIA BMH GRANADILLA BMH

CT NOBEL

TINOCA BMH

TENERIFE CT EL GORO

OJOS DE GARZA BMH

GRAN CANARIA MARRUECOS

15 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Line System Upgrades are Growing Rapidly

40/100G Trials (Subset) S. America

>20,000km

Americas

>25,000km 16 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Asia Regional

>16000km

Japan

450km

Mediterranean

>4000km

Pacific Coast

>7000km

Trans-Atlantic

>6000km

Trans-Atlantic

>13,000km

Middle East

>10,000km

NREN Backbone Reboot:

DANTE GEANT3

17 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Infinera DTN-X

500G, PIC-based, super-channel line cards Up to 1Tb/s per slot in chassis 5Tb/s non-blocking OTN switch Evolution to MPLS-TP Up to 8Tb/s per fiber (C-Band)

Summary: What I talked about today

  The optical reboot is about

revolution

, not

evolution

A move to coherent transmission produces at least a 10X improvement in spectral efficiency, and usually an improvement in optical reach  Super-channels offer a way to scale network operations for coherent technologies • 5X or 10X the backbone capacity for the same operational effort  Photonic integration is essential for the implementation of practical super-channels 18 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Summary: What I

did not

talk about today

 Integrated switching is vital part of the optical reboot • Essential for the efficient use of 100G and super-channel capacity • Enables effective control planes  ROADM technology is in a state of flux today • • Ongoing challenge to deliver full CDC economically About to encounter the move from fixed grid to flexible grid  Dynamic control planes drive down OpEx • But they require digital switching to work effectively • • GMPLS is the proven technology today SDN looks like it can solve several interesting problems, but is immature in the context of transport networks 19 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary

Thank You

Geoff Bennett

[email protected]

20 | Infinera Confidential & Proprietary