Global Climate Change Alliance: Intra-ACP Programme

Training Module Mainstreaming Climate Change Module 9 Mainstreaming climate change within project cycle Ms Isabelle Mamaty Senior Expert Climate Support Facility

An initiative of the ACP Group of States funded by the European Union

Mainstreaming climate change within project cycle

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Learning objectives

: o To understand how to integrate climate change into the project cycle o To avoid maladaptation o To ensure that projects address development needs 

Expected outcomes:

o Increase knowledge of mainstreaming steps within the project cycle o Increase knowledge of mainstreaming tools 2

Why mainstream climate change at project level?

• Projects may be vulnerable to climate change (CC) directly or indirectly (exp. Floods, sea-level rise, damaging infrastructure) • Projects may affect the vulnerability of natural and human systems to CC (case of maladaptation) • Projects may take advantage of potential opportunities arising from CC 3 Source: World Bank (2010a) WDR 2010

Operationalisation of mainstreaming within project cycle

Project identification Project appraisal

Step 1

: Assess potential climate risks and effects on vulnerability

Step 2

: undertake in depth climate risk assessments

Step 3

: identify adaptation options Step 4: Prioritise and select adaptation options Project design Project implementation Monitoring and Evaluation

Step 5

: implement projects For new projects: implement selected adaptation options For on going projects: carry out interventions of previous stages, then implement adaptation

Step 6:

Evaluate Adaptation measures within project options 4 Source: OCDE (2009a) &USAID (2007)

Project identification (1)

 Vulnerability assessment to Climate change impacts is a function : o Type of Infrastructure o Project activities o Geographical location 5

Project identification (2)

 Mainstreaming steps at this stage include: o Assessment of the vulnerability of the project to climate change impacts •

Timing and certainty of climate change impacts

o Assessment of potential of the project to increase vulnerability of natural and human systems to climate change 6

Project Appraisal and project design

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In depth climate risk assessments

o o Standard risk assessment tools computer-based tool (exp. ADAPT, World Bank) 

Identification of adaptation or mitigation options

o o o o Description of the measure Estimated costs of the measure Estimated benefits of the measure Feasibility of the measure 

Prioritising and selecting adaptation and mitigation options

o Cost benefit analysis (CBA) o o Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) Cost –effectiveness analysis (CEA) o Expert judgement 7

Summary of Existing tools

 Non exhaustive list of mainstreaming tools o ADB Screening Checklist: list of questions to rapidly assess potential risk of projects o DANIDA Climate change screening matrix: Guidance and checklist for use in the field o DFID opportunities and risks of climate change and disasters (ORCHID) and Climate risk Impacts on Sectors and programmes (CRISP): portfolio and sector based climate risk assessment methodologies o Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DGIS) climate quiz scans: rapid risk assessment for selection of adaptation entry points for bilateral projects o Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)/inter-cooperation Community-based Risk Screening Tool-Adaptation and livelihoods (CRiSTAL): assess impacts on livelihood resources important for climate adaptation o United States Agency for International Development (USAID) SERVIR-Viz climate mapper : tool for environmental decision-making o World Bank change portal, including ADAPT Tools: wide range of data on climate 8

Project Implementation (1)

Project Monitoring and Evaluation

 Monitoring of the implementation of the identified actions o level of implementation, unexpected problems during the implementation process, impacts on other sectors or regions, actual costs versus anticipated costs  Monitoring of the progress and success o Intended benefits, adverse outcomes not anticipated  Monitoring the evolution of baseline climate conditions over the lifetime of the project This implies use of indicators 10

Learnt lessons and Challenges

 Harmonisation of tools and instruments for screening across donors  Climate risk assessment tools to be tested or implemented in a wide range of contexts  L imited availability and reliability of projections of future climate o lack of reliable climate projections o significant uncertainties associated with many climate variables 11

Turning words into action

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Discussion

  Questions and Answers Mainstreaming climate change within project cycle

What are the opportunities for mainstreaming climate change within project cycle in your sector or at your level and what are the institutional and capacity needs in your organisation to do so?

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Presentation of case studies

 Presentations of case studies and best practices 14

Learning process exercise: Working group

 Exercise: Select one project and proceed to the assessment of this project and propose how to mainstream CC into this project.

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Recap – Key messages

 Relevant questions to consider: o o Are the objectives of the project and/or specific activities threatened by climate change?

Could the project ’s objectives and/or activities benefit from climate change o What may be the influence of the project on the vulnerability of relevant natural or human systems o How can project activities leading to reduced vulnerability, i.e. greater adaptive capacity or reduced sensitivity or reduced exposure, be maximised?

o Which activities need to be modified to avoid an increase in vulnerability?

o Which additional activities are required to avoid adverse impacts of climate change on the project ?

16 Source: GIZ (2011)

Key references

      GIZ (2011)

Integrating climate change adaptation into development: a practice-oriented training based on an OECD Policy Guidance, Training manual and Handouts

OECD (2009)

Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into development Co operation: policy guidance

UNDP (2011)

Practitioner ’s Guide: Capacity Development for Environmental Sustainability

. United Nations Development Programme, New York UNDP-UNEP (2011)

Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change into Development Planning: A Guide for Practitioners

. UNDP-UNEP Poverty Environment Initiative UNDP – Integrating environment into development: http://www.undp.org/mainstreaming/ USAID (2007)

Adapting to climate variability and change: a guidance manual for development planning

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• Thank you • Contact: Dr. Pendo MARO, ACP Secretariat [email protected] or +32 495 281 494 www.gcca.eu/intra-acp 18