Transcript All India coordinated small millets imporovement project

ALL INDIA COORDINATED SMALL MILLETS
IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
Project Coordinating Unit
Gandhi Krishi Vigyan Kendra
Bangalore - 560 065
SMALL MILLETS : Food Crops of Arid, Tribal & Hill Areas
FINGER MILLET
FOXTAIL MILLET
PROSO MILLET
KODO MILLET
BARNYARD MILLET
LITTLE MILLET
SMALL MILLETS
Crops of antiquity
Suitable for dry lands & important in hill and tribal agriculture
Food security of disadvantaged regions
Require less water, mature early and cultivated in scarcity conditions
Highly Resilient in adapting to different ecological conditions
Ideal crops for climate change and contingency plantings
Unique nutritional properties – high fiber, quality protein & mineral composition
Nutritional security of disadvantaged groups
GLOBAL )SCENARIO
15 m ha and India’s share is 20%
Finger millet: 25 countries with 4 - 5 m ha for brewarage
& food; India’s share is 40%
Foxtail millet: 4 - 5 m ha, China tops and CMS based
hybrids with high yield potential
Proso millet: 3 - 4 m ha, mostly in Eurasian countries
Barnyard millet: 0.3 - 0.4 m ha mostly in India and Japan
Little millet & Kodo millet: Heritage crops of India
Export potential – as bird feed and organic millets
worth of 100 crore, India’s share is negligible
AREA, PRODUCTION AND YIELD OF SMALL MILLETS IN INDIA
DURING 2005-06
Small Millets
Area
Production
Yield
( ‘000 ha ) ( ‘000 tonnes) ( kg/ha )
States
Finger millet
1534
2354
1534
Kar, UK, MR,
TN, AP and Ors
Foxtail Millet
98
56
565
AP, Kar and TN
Kodo Millet
244
73
312
MP, Chd and TN
Little Millet
291
102
349
AP, Chd, Orissa,
TN and Kar
Proso Millet
42
18
323
Bihar, TN and UP
Barnyard Millet
195
167
857
UK and TN
DECADEWISE AREA , PRODUCTION & YIELD OF FINGER MILLET IN INDIA FROM 1950-51 TO 200708
Area
Production
Yield
3000
Area, Production & Yield
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
Year
1990-91
2000-01
2007-08
DECADEWISE AREA , PRODUCTION & YIELD OF SMALL MILLETS IN INDIA FROM 1950-51 TO 200708
Area( '000 ha )
Production ( '000 t )
Yield ( Kg/ha )
6000
Area,Production & Yield
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
Year
1990-91
2000-01
2007-08
1800
Finger millet
Other small millets
1600
Productivity (kg ha -1)
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1951-55 1956-60 1961-65 1966-70 1971-75 1976-80 1981-85 1986-90 1991-95 1996-00 2001-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
Year
Productivity trends in finger millet and other small millets
ALL INDIA COORDINATED SMALL MILLETS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
 Established in 1986
 Head Quarters at UAS, Bangalore
 13 AICRP centres and 20 voluntary
centres located all over India.
 Target crops - Finger millet, Foxtail
millet, Barnyard millet, Proso millet,
Little millet and Kodo millet
 Focussed on developing appropriate
production technologies to meet
regional needs.
 Work is multidisciplinary and applied
in nature
AICSMIP Centers
Centre
Location
Mandate
1.
P. C. Unit,
Bangalore
UAS,GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka
All Small Millets
2.
Berhampur
RARS, OUAT, Berhampur, Orissa
Finger millet, Little millet
3.
Coimbatore
TNAU, Coimbatore
Finger millet & other small millets
4.
Dholi
RAU, Dholi (Muzaffarpur), Bihar
Proso millet, Finger millet, Barnyard millet
5.
Dindori
JNKVV, Dindori, M.P.
Kodo millet, Little millet
6.
Jagdalpur
IGKVV, Jagadalpur, Chhattisgarh
All Small Millets
7.
Kolhapur
MPKVV, Kolhapur, Maharashtra
Finger millet and other small millets
8.
Mandya
UAS, Mandya, Karnataka
Finger millet
9.
Mysore
CFTRI, Mysore, Karnataka
Finger millet and other small millets
10.
Nandyal
ANGRAU, Nandyal, AP
Foxtail millet
11.
Ranchi
BAU, Jharkhand
Finger millet, Little millet
12.
Ranichauri
GBPAU&T, Uttarakhand
Finger millet, Barnyard millet
13.
Rewa
Rewa M.P.
Kodo millet, Little millet
14.
Vizianagaram
ANGRAU, Vizianagaram, AP.
Finger millet
Varieties released during 1986 to 2009
Crop
No. of varieties
Finger millet
42
Foxtail millet
17
Kodo millet
15
Little millet
13
Proso millet
11
Barnyard millet
11
POPULARIZATION OF HYV’s
National average
Demonstration
Farmer's practice
% increase over farmer's practice
2500
90
80
79
2000
80
63
70
60
1500
49
1308
50
40
39
1000
890
30
586
478
500
374
20
327
10
0
0
FM
SM
LM
KM
BM
Crops
Grain yield of small millets (kg ha-1) in FLD's over last 5 years due to improved varieties
PM
Per cent
Grain yield (kg ha-1)
63
GPU-28
Share of GPU-28 in per cent
16000
93.32
87.63
93.26
85.56
14000
100
90
70.69
62.97
64.86
66.37
70
62.14
10000
60
51.36
8000
50
40
6000
30
4000
20
12.44
2000
10
0.44
0
0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Years
Impact of blast resitant finger millet variety GPU-28 in Karnataka
2007
2008
Per cent share
Seed sales in quintal by KSSC
80
12000
TECHNOLOGY FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTION
Application of 100% N through poultry manure out yields (18%) the
recommended package of practices in finger millet
Application of 100% N (vermicompost and chullu cake, 50% each) yields
on par to inorganic fertilizers application in barnyard millet
Thrust Areas
• There is a need to strengthen basic and strategic
research especially in molecular biology to support
crop improvement
• Technology delivery in tribal and hill areas to be
strengthened
• Intensification of research on crop improvement for
grain and fodder quality
• Strengthening of research on grain processing and
value addition to improve demand for small millets