Transcript Abolitionism and Sectionalism - North Carolina State Government

Abolitionism and
Sectionalism
The Road to the Civil War
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Abolitionist
• Abolitionist believed slavery should be abolished.
• Most abolitionist lived in the north; however,
there were abolitionist that lived in the south as
well.
• Many escaped slaves moved north and became
abolitionist.
• They gave speeches and published books and
pamphlets denouncing slavery.
• The movement to end slavery was called
abolitionism, it gained momentum around 1820.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Frederick Douglas
• Frederick Douglass was
one of the foremost
leaders of the abolitionist
movement.
• Although born a slave he
became recognized as
one of America's first
great black speakers.
•
He won world fame
when his autobiography
was publicized in 1845.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
David Walker
• Was born the son of a free
mother and enslaved father in
Wilmington, NC.
• Moved to Boston and became
active in the abolitionist
movement.
• Published a pamphlet that
showed the cruelty of slavery.
• Walkers book was banned in
the south.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Slave Codes
• As a result of Walker’s book southern states
enacted slave codes.
• Slaves codes were strict laws that forbade
educating slaves and kept them from leaving the
plantation without the owner’s permission.
• Slave codes upset many slaves and abolitionists.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Nat Turner
• Was slave and a preacher in Southampton
County Virginia, that believed God sent him a
message to free the slaves.
• This was to be a massive uprising but in August
1831 he gathered only about 75 slaves for the
rebellion.
• The rebellion killed about 50 whites, including a
child.
• Nat Turner was hanged in November, 1831.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Nat Turner
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Harriet Tubman
• Born a slave she was
brutally abused by her
master.
• She escaped north along
the underground railroad.
• She returned some 19
odd times and helped
hundreds of slaves
escaped to freedom using
the underground railroad.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Underground Railroad
• Abolitionist formed a loose network of people that
would protect escaped slaves as they traveled from the
south into the freedom of the Northern regions and
Canada.
• Escaped slaves would travel on foot, by boat, horseback,
or wagon led by people called conductors.
• Participants/Conductors in the railroad used signals such
as handshakes, and lanterns in the window to let slaves
know they kept a safe house.
• Slaves also used songs and quilts to communicate when
and where to escape safely.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
President James K. Polk (1845-1849)
• Born in Mecklenburg County
North Carolina.
• Actively pursued westward
expansion and manifest
destiny.
• Under his presidency the
territories of Oregon,
California, and Texas were
added to the union.
• These new territories raised
the question of whether
slavery should be allowed in
the new territory.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Harriet Beecher Stowe
• Harriet Beecher Stowe
cared deeply about
human rights. Her family
was active in the
Underground Railroad.
• Stowe decided to write a
fictional story about
slavery and sent it to the
editor of an anti-slavery
weekly.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• People started to discuss Uncle Tom's Cabin and pass
around the story.
• Three hundred thousand copies were sold the first year,
and a half-million copies by 1857. Before long it seemed
that everyone had read it, including the president of the
United States!
• The book divided people into those who wished to
abolish slavery (abolitionists) and those who wished to
maintain slavery (anti-abolitionists), it is often listed as
one of the causes of the Civil War.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
John Brown
• John Brown was a preacher from Ohio.
• He was passionate about freeing slaves.
• He had a plan to arm slaves to fight for their
freedom.
• On October 16, 1859, he led 21 men on a raid of
the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
North vs. South (Sectionalism)
• The economy of the North along with the
abolitionist movement in the north led the South
to believe the plantation system and their way of
life was under attack.
• The 1850’s became a turbulent times for
America. The issue of slavery would eventually
lead to war.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Laws
• As abolitionist worked to end slavery states in
the south passed laws were intended to maintain
the institution.
• North Carolina was no exception, the North
Carolina General Assembly passed laws that
were meant to enforce slavery.
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC
Sources
• http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/j/James_K._Polk.htm
• http://www.frederickdouglass.org/
• http://www.africawithin.com/bios/walker_appeal.htm
• http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/tubman/aa_tubman_subj.html
• http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/reform/jb_reform_beecher_1_
e.html
• http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/johnbrown/brownh
ome.html
Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC