Transcript Upgrading the training laboratory for nuclear science

Contact: [email protected]
List of realized laboratory exercises
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Radiation detection
Alpha spectroscopy
Gamma spectroscopy with scitillation detectors (NaI, CsI)
Gamma spectroscopy with HPGe
Range of alpha particles
Gamma-gamma correlations
Mion lifetime I
Mion lifetime II, velocity and angular distributions of cosmic mouns
Rutherford scattering
Compton scattering
Positron annihilation
VDC
Educational PET model
Work in progress (NMR,gamma neutron coincidence detection)
Next steps (Scintillation fibres, Gel-Cherenkov detector)
Radiation detection
Gamma spectroscopy with
scintillation detectors NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl)
List of equipment:
Digital oscilloscope, Tektronix TDS 2024B
Gamma sources (set of gama sources)
NaI(Tl) 3”x3” and CsI(Tl) 1”x1”
HV, Ortec 556
Preamplifier, Ortec 113 Scinitllation preamp.
NIM crate, ortec 4001A
Amplifier, Canberra 241
MCA, Canberra Multiport II
Genie 2000 software for data acquisition and
analysis
Topics:
Digital oscilloscope, signals
Preamps, amplifiers
ADC, MCA
Scintillation detectors for gamma detection
Identification of different gamma ray reaction
mecahnisams
Gamma ray energies
Resolution of scintillation detectors.
Gamma spectroscopy with HPGe
List of equipment:
Digital oscilloscope, Tektronix TDS 2024B
Gamma sources
HPGe, DSG system
HV Canberra 3106D
Amplifier, Canberra 2026
MCA Canberra Multiport II
Genie 2000 software for data acquistion
and analysis
Topics:
Digital oscilloscope, signals
Preamps, amplifiers
ADC, MCA
HPGe for gamma detection
Identification of different gamma ray
reaction mecahnisms
Gamma ray energies
Resolution of HPGe.
Alpha spectroscopy
List of equipment:
Vacuum chamber Ortec 807
Radioactive sources 244Cm, 241Am, 239Pu
Si detectors, Micron MSX-1000, MSX-300
Preamplifier, Canberra 2004
NIM crate, Canberra
Voltage supply, Mesytec MHV-4
Amplifier, Canberra 241
Digital oscilloscope, TDS 2024B
Vacuum pump, Pfeiffer DUO 5M
Vacuum-meter, MKS
MCA Canberra Multiport II
Genie 2000 software for data acquistion and
analysis
Topics:
Vacuum
Alpha decay
Semiconductor detector
Preaps, amplifiers
NIM standard and signals
Digital oscilloscope
Energies of alpha particles
Energy loss and range
of alpha particles
List of equipment:
Vacuum chamber Ortec 807
Radioactive sources 244Cm, 241Am, 239Pu
Si detectors, Micron MSX-1000, MSX-300
Preamplifier, Canberra 2004
NIM crate, Canberra
Voltage supply, Mesytec MHV-4
Amplifier, Canberra 241
Digital oscilloscope, TDS 2024B
Vacuum pump, Pfeiffer DUO 5M
Vacuum-meter, MKS
MCA Canberra Multiport II
Genie 2000 software for data acquisition
and analysis
Topics:
Vacuum
Alpha decay
Semiconductor detector
Preaps, amplifiers
NIM standard and signals
Digital oscilloscope
Energies of alpha particles
Energy loss and range of
Alpha particles
Mion lifetime I
List of equipment:
Digital oscilloscope, Tektronix TDS
2024B
Plactic scintillator NE102, PMT X…
HV Ortec 556
NIM crate Caberra 2100
CFD Ortec CF8000
TDC FastComTec 7072,
FastComTec MCA-3 and DAQ software
PAW software
τ =2.2±0.1 µs,
Topics:
Cosmic rays and mions
Interaction of charged particles with matter
Detection of charged particles with scitillator
CFD
TDC
Measurement of muon lifetime
Gamma-gamma correlations
List of equipment:
Digital oscilloscope TDS 2024B
22Na and 60Co sorces
LSO detectors and XP220URQ
HV Ortec 556
NIM crate, Canberra 2100
fADC CAEN N1728
Computer and DAQ software
Root software
Gamma-gamma
correlations
Compton scattering
List of equipment:
Digital osci, Tektronix TDS
2024B
22Na and 137Cs sources
NaI(Tl) detector, Ø 0.5”
NaI(Tl) detector, 3”x3”
NIM crate, Canberra 2100
HV Ortec 556 ( x2 )
fADC CAEN N1728
Computer and DAQ software
Root software
Positron annihilation
List of equipment:
Digital oscilloscope TDS 2024B
22Na, 60Co source
Vacuum pump
BaF2 detetectors, XP2020URQ
HV 556
NIM crate Ortec 4001C
CFD, Ortec 584
CFDD, Ortec 583B
Coincidence Phillips 752
CAMAC crate, Wiener
TDC CAEN C414
ADC CAEN C205A
CC16, PC and PC16 card
DAQ software
PAW
Positron annihilation
Topics:
Gamma detection with scintillators
Adjustment of CFD and CFDD
Coincidences
CAMAC , TDC and ADC
Precise time measurements
Data analysis with PAW
Positron and positronium annihilation lifetime
Rutherford scattering
Rutherford cross section
per target atom
List of equipment:
Vacuum chamber
Vacuum pump, Pfeiffer turbo TSH071
241Am source and collimator
Double-sided silicon strip detector
( 16 channels, Micron W1)
16 channels preamps Mesytec MPR16
NIM crate Ortec 4001C
HV, Mesytec MHV-4
16 channels amplifier and
discriminator Mesytec STM 16
CAMAC crate, Wiener
Scaler, 16 channels CAMAC CAEN C275
Computer and dana acquistion, linux
Simpler version:
Ortec silicon detecor
Preamplifier Canberra 2004
Amplifier Canberra 241
NIM Scaler CAEN N1145
Vertical Drift Chamber
List of equipment:
VDC
HV supply, CAEN N126
Preamps + discr.
Voltage supply
Gas system
Scintillator
HV, Ortec 556
VME crate
Discriminator
TDC
Computer + DAQ (linux)
PAW
VDC - assembling
Two diploma thesis:
Scintillation detector
VDC plates
Software
Cosmic mions: lifetime, velocity and
angular distribution
List of equipment:
Digital oscilloscope TDS 2024B
Two plastic scintillation detectors
HV, Ortec 556 ( x2)
NIM crate Ortec 4001A
CFD, Ortec CF8000
Coincidence, LeCroy
TDC FastComTec 7072,
FastComTec MCA-3 and DAQ
software
PAW software
Velocity and angular distribution
of cosmic muons
List of equipment ( muon angular
distribution):
Plastic scintillators + holder
HV, Ortec 556H
CFD, Ortec CF8000
Scaler, CAEN N1145,
TDC FastComTec 7072,
Mion public –WYP2005
Time dilatation
Future:
Rutherford scattering
Positrons
Work in progress:
NMR
Neutron – gama coincidence
Next steps
• Scintillation fibres
• Gel Cherenkov detector
Educational PET model
PET principles:
Annihilation
Detector
Detector
ToF PET principles:
Annihilation
Detector
Detector
x0
x0 + x
x
x0 – x
x = c t/2
IAEA TC CRO4005
Educational PET model
T. Back, J. Cederkall, B. Cederwall, A. Johnson, A. Kerek, W, Klamra, J. van der Marel, J. Molnar, D. Novak, D. Sohler, M. Steen, P. Uhlen:
A TOF-PET system for educational purposes, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A477 (2002) 82
48 BaF2 +
XP2020URQ
VME electronics
I. Friščić, M. Makek, D. Bosnar, T. Bokulić
5th Scientific Meeting of Croatian
Physical Society, Primošten, 2007.
Digital signal processing???
Improved time resolution, energy information,
three-gamma contribution…
PET model design (diploma thesis I. Friščić)
Gate simulations:
Image
reconstruction:
PET design:
BaF2 detectors
Purchased parts:
Produced parts
Complete BaF2
PET model, BaF2 detector tests
Energy resolution:
Broj dogaðaja
511 keV
20000
18000
Izmjereni podaci
16000
14000
12000
10000
Comptonsko
raspršenje
8000
6000
1274,5 keV
4000
511 keV + 1274,5 keV
2000
0
0
Time resolution:
200
400
600
800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Broj kanala
PET model assembling:
holder
PET model, detector tests
VME electronics
Broj dogaðaja
Izmjereni podaci
250
200
150
100
50
0
-90
 Simultaneous time and
energy measurements
 Completion of the detector
system
 Image reconstruction
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20 Broj kanala
Praktikum web site
List of equipment