Transcript Tang Dynasty
World History
Unit 3 An Age of Exchange and Encounter: 500 to A.D. 1500
Chapter 12 Empires in East Asia, 600 - 1350 A.D.
Section 1 Two Great Dynasties in China
Empires in East Asia,
600 –1350
600 CHAPTER 12 618
Tang Dynasty begins 300-year rule in China. Scholar-officials managed the Tang government.
Time Line 935
Koryu Dynasty controls Korea.
794
Heian period begins in Japan.
960
Song Dynasty established in China.
1185
Kamakura shogunate rules Japan.
1350 1279
Kublai Khan conquers China.
Two Great Dynasties in China
Objectives • To identify the main rulers of the Tang Dynasty and the extent of their empire.
• To describe the causes and effects of the Song family’s flight south.
• To summarize the achievements of the Tang and Song empires.
• To describe changes in Chinese society.
• Vocabulary:
gentry Tang Taizong, Wu Zhao, movable type,
The Tang Dynasty Expands China
Sui Wendi - 589 AD – united China after 350 years – completion of Grand Canal Tang Dynasty - 618 - 907 AD –
Tang Taizong
• reconquered former Han lands – Manchuria to Vietnam –
Wu Zhao
• only female emperor in China • oversaw Korea addition • networks of roads and canals • prospered thru foreign trade • Confucianism reform – civil service exams • Fall due to crushing taxes
Song Dynasty Restores China
Song Dynasty - 960 - 1279 AD – smaller than Tang – paid tribute to invaders • forced to flee south by Jurchen – rapid economic growth • trade with Asia and Europe Most Populous and Advanced –
movable type
•
used more than once
– gunpowder – porcelain – mechanical clock – paper money – magnetic compass
Song Dynasty Restores China
Agriculture – two rice crops annually Trade – Silk Road – greatest sea power • Buddhism; tea Art – Li Bo - life’s pleasures • natural landscapes Society – social mobility – social advancement • civil service system •
gentry
- upper class
Objectives Assessment
1. Who were the Tang’s main rulers?
2. Why did the Song family retreat south? What was the effect of the flight?
3. What are some of the achievements of the Tang and Song Empires?
4. What were some changes in Chinese society?
Two Great Dynasties in China Section 1 Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Explain the similarities and differences between the Tang and Song dynasties.
Tang Only
Expanded the empire, had a female ruler, reformed the civil service
Both
Prospered through trade, improved agriculture, created great art and literature
Song Only
Ruled smaller empire, developed into great sea power, created paper money and movable type
Chapter 12 Empires in East Asia, 600 - 1350 A.D.
Section 3 Empire of the Great Khan
Empire of the Great Khan
Objectives • To summarize Kublai Khan’s conquest of China.
• To describe Mongol rule in China.
• To identify the importance of Marco Polo’s journeys.
• To describe the fall of Mongol rule in China and elsewhere.
• Vocabulary:
Kublai Khan, Marco Polo
Kublai Khan Conquers China
•
Kublai Khan
–
grandson of Genghis Khan
– Great Khan •
ruler of entire Mongol Empire
– 1st foreigner to rule China
Yuan Dynasty
- 1279-1368 –
1st to unite China in 300 years
– open China to foreign contacts –
lived most of life in China, not on steppe (Mongolia)
• capital at Beijing • Japan – 1274 and 1281 –
largest seaborne fleet until WW II
Mongol Rule in China
Separation – Mongols lived apart from Chinese – Chinese institutions – Chinese in low govt positions •
Mongols and foreigners
•
Marco Polo
– Venetian trader – encouraged foreign visits •
Silk Road
• End of Mongol rule – 1368 - Chinese rebels (Ming) – Khanate of the Golden Horde • 1480 AD
Objectives Assessment
1.
– –
Describe Kublai’s conquest of China.
Conquers southern China after 40 years Founds Yuan Dynasty 2. How did the Mongol’s govern China?
– –
Tolerated Chinese culture; made few changes Mongols and foreigners in key positions 3. Why was Marco Polo’s journey to China important?
–
Western look into Kublai’s China; trade 4. What were some of the reasons for Mongol decline in the 1300s?
–
Kublai’s death; taxing wars; rebellion
Empire of the Great Khan Section 3 Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List seven events that show the impact of Kublai Khan on East Asia.
Conquered China Established a Mongol dynasty (Yuan) Extended foreign trade
Kublai Khan
Improved communication within China and across Asia Fought unsuccessful wars in Southeast Asia Reunited China Failed to conquer Japan
Feudal Powers in Japan Section 4 Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Summarize the main periods and events in Japanese history between the years 300 and 1300.
Event Two 500
Koreans bring Buddhist images and scriptures to Yamato court.
Event Four 794
Capital moved to Heian.
Event Six 1192
Yoritomo becomes first shogun.
Event One 300
Chinese writings first mention Japan.
Event Three 600s-800s
Japan adopts aspects of Chinese culture.
Event Five 1000-1200
Feudal system develops.
Event Seven 1274 and 1281
Japan turns back Mongol invasions.
Chapter 12 Empires in East Asia, 600 - 1350 A.D.
Section 5 Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea
Objectives • To describe the kingdoms of Southeast Asia and the influence of India and China.
• To summarize early Korean history.
• Vocabulary:
Khmer Empire, Anghor Wat, Koryu Dynasty
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
SE Asia • Geography – –
between Indian / Pacific Oceans tropical, humid climate
– mainland south of China – island chain • Culture – never unified culturally/politically • rivers and straits • Political Power – trade routes – harbors
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
Indian Influence – monsoon winds – Hinduism and Buddhism – Sanskrit Chinese Influence – political tribute
Khmer Empire
- 800-1200 CE – Cambodia;
main SE Asian power on mainland
– dominate sea trade –
rice cultivation
• 3-4 crops annually –
capital at Angkor Wat
• city and temple complexes
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
Sailendra Dynasty – Java; sea trade – Borobudur Buddhist temple Srivijaya Empire – – –
Java, Borneo, Sumatra wealth via taxing trade Palembang as learning center
Ly Dynasty – –
Hanoi, Vietnam expansion via conquest
– fought off Mongols
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
Koryu Dynasty
- 935-1392 CE – isolation –
Korea
• strong Chinese Han influence –
govt. modeled after China
• Confucian civil service – social divisions •
landed aristocracy = haves
•
all others = have nots
–
Mongol occupation
• 1231-1350 CE • tribute
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea Section 5 Assessment
1. List six important kingdoms or dynasties covered in this section, and at least two major accomplishments of each.
Kingdom or Dynasty
Khmer Srivijaya Sailendra Vietnam Silla Koryu
Accomplishments
Built irrigation system and Angkor Wat Dominated Strait of Malacca; created center of Buddhist learning Prospered through agriculture; built Borobudur Gained independence from China; defeated the Mongols United Korea; developed writing Established civil service; produced celadon pottery