Transcript Mood Profiling of International Athletes in

Mood Profiling of International
Athletes in Argentina
Dr. Patricia Wightman MD
National Center of High Performance Athletics
(CeNARD) Buenos Aires Argentina
Co-authors
Dr. Peter Terry
Centro Nacional de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo
(CeNARD)
Nellie Giscafre
Method
Sample
•
•
•
•
Total = 1,100 athletes from CENARD
Sex: male = 63.2%, female = 36.8%
Ages: range = 11-60 yr, M = 19.6 ± 5.3 yr.
Range of sports (N = 18)
tennis = 224, basketball = 217, kayak = 148,
rowing = 146, hockey = 90, handball = 57,
fencing = 41, shooting = 36, volleyball = 30,
sailing = 27, others = 84
Procedure
• Spanish version of POMS used, based on
Perez % Mari (1991)
• 65 items, six subscales (tension, depression,
anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion)
• Past week response set used
• Data collected over a 15-year period (19942009)
• Data collected in consulting office, training
venue or competition venue
Analyses
• Comparison of mood responses by age,
gender and type of sport
• Tables of normative data specific to
Argentine athletes
• Comparison of Argentine norms with
previous norms
• Table for interpretation of mood profiles
• Relationships between mood profiles and
performance
Results
Table 1. Relationships between mood responses and age
among Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Age
r
p
Tension
.001
N.S.
Depression
-.02
N.S.
Anger
.07
N.S.
Vigor
.008
N.S.
Fatigue
.03
N.S.
Confusion
-.01
N.S.
N.S. = not significant
Table 2. MANOVA of POMS scores by gender among
Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Male (n = 695)
M
SD
Tension
Female (n = 405)
M
SD
F(1,1098)
11.7
5.5
10.4
5.5
15.5*
Depression
5.7
6.2
6.4
7.0
3.3
Anger
9.4
6.5
9.6
6.5
0.1
Vigor
19.0
4.6
18.9
5.2
0.4
Fatigue
6.1
4.4
5.9
4.8
0.9
Confusion
6.3
4.0
6.4
4.1
0.1
* p < .001, d = .24
Wilks’ = .97, p < .001, eta-squared = .03
Table 3. MANOVA of POMS scores by type of sport among
Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Team (n = 555)
M
SD
Tension
Individual (n = 545)
M
SD
F(1,1098)
11.9
5.7
10.6
5.3
15.3*
Depression
5.9
6.3
6.0
6.7
0.1
Anger
9.5
6.6
9.5
6.4
0.1
Vigor
18.9
4.9
19.0
4.8
0.3
Fatigue
6.6
4.8
5.4
4.2
20.0*
Confusion
6.3
4.2
6.4
3.8
0.2
* p < .001, d = .24
Wilks’ = .96, p < .001, eta-squared = .04
Summary
• No relationship between mood responses
and age
• Male athletes report higher tension than
female athletes
• Team athletes report higher tension and
fatigue than individual athletes
Figure 1. Mean POMS profile for Argentine international athletes
(N = 1,100) plotted against athlete norms (N = 2,086; Terry & Lane,
2000) and student norms (N = 856; McNair et al, 1992)
70
60
Athlete norms
Student norms
50
40
30
TEN
DEP
ANG
VIG
FAT
CON
Table 4. Comparison of POMS scores between Argentine international
athletes and athlete norms (Terry & Lane, 2000)
Argentina (N = 1,100)
M
SD
Tension
Athlete norms (N = 2,086)
M
SD
d
11.2
5.5
7.0
6.3
.67*
Depression
6.0
6.5
5.2
7.7
.10*
Anger
9.5
6.5
6.3
7.2
.44*
Vigor
19.0
4.9
17.2
6.6
.27*
Fatigue
6.0
4.6
6.6
5.8
.10*
Confusion
6.4
4.0
5.4
4.5
.22*
* p < .001
Summary
• Argentine athletes typically report iceberg
profiles compared to student norms
(McNair et al., 1992)
• Argentine athletes report higher tension,
depression, anger, vigor and confusion,
and lower fatigue than published athlete
norms (Terry & Lane, 2000)
Mood and Performance
The Double Iceberg
Athlete Screening
Green, Amber
and Red
Light POMS
Table 5. Interpretation of POMS scores
among Argentine international athletes
ANG
CON
DEP
FAT
TEN
VIG
0-7
0-5
0-3
0-4
0-10
20+
8-23
6-14
4-19
5-14
11-21 10-19
24+
15+
20+
15+
22+
0-9
Green = 0-50%; Amber = 51-95%; Red = 96-100% (Vig: Green = 51-100%; Amber = 5-50%; Red =0-4%)
Conclusions
• Argentine norms differ from existing norms
• Mood responses among Argentine international
athletes vary by gender and type of sport but are
unrelated to age
• Mood profiles can be dichotomised into green,
amber and red categories for screening
purposes
• Double iceberg profiles are associated with
successful performance for many athletes
Thank you for your attention
Gracias AASP