Transcript ppt PPT - Lovibond Tintometer

Tintometer GmbH
Lovibond® Product Training: Water Analysis
Instrumentation - Reagents - Applications
presented by Dipl. Ing. Helmut Reber
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History
 1885 Joseph William Lovibond being in the brewery business started the
foundation of the Tintometer Ltd. in Salisbury/England. He
introduced the Lovibond® colour scale and the first colorimeter ever.
 1953 Publication of the first edition of the book "Colorimetric Chemical
Analytical Methods (CCAM)". Colorimetric Analytical Equipment was
introduced using reagent tablets as an alternative to the liquid chemistry.
 1967 Foundation of the Tintometer GmbH Company in Dortmund/Germany
by Cay-Peter Voss. Technical backup and service together with closer
contact leading to prompt supply of instrumentation to customers in
Continental Europe.
 1982 Introduction of the first photometer systems for water analysis.
 1985 Centenary of The Tintometer Ltd. in Salisbury England with congratulations by
the Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.
 1997 Certification according to DIN ISO 9001 by DQS. 30 years of successful
activities of the Tintometer GmbH in Dortmund/Germany.
 Today Research, development and equipment production of water analytical systems
and reagents for various applications. Global marketing of Lovibond® products.
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Methods and Products
tablet count
method
MINIKIT
speed
test
MINIKIT
visual
methods
Comparator
CHECKIT®
Test Kit
titrimetric
methods
colorimetric
methods
photometric
methods
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CheckitDirect
MaxiDirect
MultiDirect
SpectroDirect
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Principle of Photometric Measurement
I0
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Electromagnetic spectrum
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Absorption of light
Red / Blue
light
White
light
700 nm
700 nm
550 nm
450 nm
550 nm
450 nm
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Absorption of light
Transmission [%] T[%]
Extinction [Abs]
I0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
E[Abs] ∞ 1.00 0.50 0.30 0.15 0.05 0.00
E = lg
I
I0: Intensitiy of the
entering light
I: Intensitiy of the
transmitted light
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Principle of Photometric Measurement
I0
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Schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment plant
(activated sludge plant)
Oxygen supply
Waste feed
Effluent
Clarifier
Aeration tank
Sludge Return
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Waste sludge
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Important Wastewater Parameter
Waste feed
Effluent
COD 700 mg/l
COD 100 mg/l
BOD 400 mg/l
BOD 20 mg/l
Wastwater
Nitrogen 50 mg/l
(total)
Phosphorus 10 mg/l
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(total)
Nitrogen
means:means:
Total nitrogen
- Ammonia
- organic
Nitrogen
- Nitrate
- Ammonium
- Nitrate
- Nitrite
- Nitrite
Waste
water
treatment
treatment
plant
plant
Nitrogen 10 mg/l (total)
Phosphorus 2 mg/l
(total)
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Principle of MaxiDirect
Detector
Detector
Interference
filter
Interference
filter
Measuring
beam
LED
LED
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LED
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Principle of PoolDirect and MultiDirect
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Principle of SpectroDirect
Tungsten halogen lamp Microprocessor unit
Movable
mirror
Silicon photodiode
Monochromator
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Sample
chamber
For checking the optical
system the SpectroDirect
has an integrated
Didymium-filter, which is
placed automatically in front
of the detector during self
test.
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COD-BOD
COD
BOD
 
 
 
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 
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COD-BOD Relationship
COD/ BOD5
Relation
< 1,7
Characteristics
Easy degradable / nearly complete
decomposition
1,7 – 10 Incomplete decomposition / reasons:
 Some of the material is not
degradable
 Inhibition because of toxic ingredients
 Slow adaptation of microorganisms
> 10
No decomposition / reasons:
 Persistent ingredients
 Complete inhibition because of
toxic substances
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 ≈ 20 % non degradable organic
material
 ≈ 80 % degradable organic material
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BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand
Pressure Sensor
Gasket &
CO2Absorber
Glass Bottle
Gas Phase
∆p
= BOD
Measurement corresponds to the process during
waste water treatment:
Corg + O2
Bacteria
Organic Oxygen
Materials
CO2 + Cell mass
Carbon
dioxide
Waste Water
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BOD-gr aph at 20 ° C
120
BOD5
100
80
BOD mg/l
60
C-org %
40
20
0
0
5
10
15
20 t [d]
25
 BODn+1 > BODn (20,6 % p.d.)
 BOD5  70% degradation of total BOD
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BOD-Graph
 A: Idealised BOD-Graph
 B: Nitrification occures (use
nitrification inhibitor N-ATH)
 C: Measurement is overrange
(change measuring range
or dillute sample)
 D: Measurment system is
leaky or anaerobiosis occurs
 E: Microorganisms were not
pre-adapted; choose a
suitable inokulum
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pH-Sensor
Buffer solution pH 7
Metal lead for pH voltage
Metal lead for pH voltage
(Reference Ag/AgCl element)
Reference Elektrolyte
Reference diaphragm
pH glas diaphragm
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pH-Value
SL_1
Potentialin mV
mV
pH
SL_2
mV
pH
pH-value
U_AS
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Conductivity- Sensor
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Oxygen-Sensor
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Principle of Turbidity Measurement
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