Transcript World War I: On the Homefront - West Deptford Public Schools

Uncle Sam—He the Man!
Don’t Mess with the U. S.
Huns Kill Women and Children!”
1917 – Selective Service Act
Authorized a draft of young men
into military service
By end of 1918 – 24,000,000
men registered for the draft.
4,800,000 men served in WW1
(2,000,000 saw active combat).
African-Americans - 400,000
served in segregated units.
Managing the Economy
War Industries Board –
Bernard Baruch
Oversaw entire war effort – in charge of
the many gov’t administrations that
regulated different parts of the economy
Controlled prices, production, and
materials
Food Administration –
Herbert Hoover
Regulated food consumption, agricultural
output, reduce waste
Fuel Administration –
Gasless days, daylight savings time
Managing the Economy (cont’d)
National War Labor Board –
W.H.Taft & Frank P. Walsh
Mediated labor disputes to
prevent work stoppages
War Trade Board –
Licensed foreign trade and
punished those suspected of
trading w/ the enemy
Why would both of these things
be important to the war effort?
Financing the War
Increased Taxes
Liberty Bonds –
Bonds purchased could be
redeemed later for the money paid
plus interest
Related to Propaganda effort
U. S. Food Administration
U. S. Food Administration
U. S. Food Administration
National War Garden Commission
U. S. School Garden Army
U. S. Shipping Board
U. S. Fuel Administration
U. S. Fuel Administration
Committee of Public Information
(George Creel)
Purposes –
Unite public behind war effort
Attract men to enlist in army
Influence citizens to actively
support war effort (buy bonds,
conserve, etc) and put pressure on
others to refrain from anything
considered anti-war
“Remember Belgium”
The “Mad Brute”
Beat Back the “Hun”
The “Menace of the Seas”
Government Excess & Threats to
the Civil Liberties of Americans
1. Espionage Act – 1917
–
Forbade actions that obstructed
recruitment or efforts to promote
insubordination in the military.
–
Ordered the Postmaster General to
remove Leftist materials from the mail.
–
Fines of up to $10,000 and/or
up to 20 years in prison.
Government Excess & Threats
to the Civil Liberties of Americans
2. Sedition Act – 1918
- it was a crime to speak against the
purchase of war bonds or willfully
utter, print, write or publish any
disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or
abusive language about this form of US
Govt., the US Constitution, or the US
armed forces or to willfully urge, incite,
or advocate any curtailment of
production of things necessary or
essential to the prosecution of the
war…with intent of such curtailment to
cripple or hinder, the US in the
prosecution of the war.
YWCA – The Blue Triangle
Munitions Work
The Girls They Left Behind Do
Their Bit!
Women Used In Recruitment
Hello, Big Boy!
Even Grandma Buys Liberty
Bonds
The Red Cross - Greatest
Mother in the World
The Red Cross Nurse
National League for Woman’s
Service
Opportunities for
African-Americans in WW1
War industries work
“Great Migration.”
1916 – 1919  NORTH
Enlistment in segregated
units.
True Sons of Freedom
For “Colored” Men in Service
African-Americans on a Troop
Ship Headed for France
The “Flag of Liberty”
Represents All of Us!
We are ALL Americans!
OVER THERE!
WWI Anthem