Transcript upper limb organization

Organization of the
Upper Limb
Robert S. Staron, Ph.D.
Summer Anatomy Immersion
Gray’s Anatomy 37th ed
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed
Grant’s Atlas 8th ed
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed
Antr division:
flexor comp.
Postr division:
ext comp.
Netter’s Atlas of Human Embryology 2002
Muscle
Compartments
of the Upper
Limb
radial n.
(including a portion
of the brachialis m.)
Anterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
musculocutaneous n.
Humerus
Posterior
Anterior
median n. & ulnar n.
Radius
Ulna
radial n.
(including ECRL &
brachioradialis mm.)
Posterior
Anterior
ulnar n. & median n.
5th metacarpal
Posterior
Origin of Limb
Muscles




Dorsal muscle mass forms
extensors and supinators in
upper limb, extensors and
abductors in lower limb.
Ventral muscle mass forms
flexors and pronators in
upper limb and flexors and
adductors in lower limb.
Morphogenesis guided by CT,
not myoblasts
Split into individual muscles,
cell death involved
Human Embryology Larsen 1993
Hollinshead’s Textbook of Anatomy 5th ed
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
21.
Rohen/Yokochi Color Atlas of Anatomy 2nd ed
Brachial Plexus
Netter’s Atlas 2nd ed
hand – forearm – arm – shoulder
distal
proximal
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed
Extrinsic shoulder mm. Intrinsic shoulder mm.
1) trapezius m.
1) infraspinatus m.
2) latissimus dorsi m.
2) supraspinatus m.
3) levator scapulae m.
3) subscapularis m.
4) rhomboideus major m. 4) teres minor m.
5) rhomboideus minor m. 5) teres major m.
6) serratus anterior m.
6) deltoid m.
Anterior thorax mm.
1) pectoralis major and minor mm.
2) subclavius m.
Extrinsic shoulder mm.
1) trapezius m. (spinal accessory n. - CN XI + C3 & C4)
2) latissimus dorsi m. (thoracodorsal n. - C6, C7, C8)
3) levator scapulae m. (C3 & C4 + dorsal scapular n. - C5)
4) rhomboideus major m. (dorsal scapular n. - C5)
5) rhomboideus minor m. (dorsal scapular n. - C5)
6) serratus anterior m. (long thoracic n. - C5, C6, C7)
Anterior thorax mm.
med/lat
1) pectoralis major ( C5-T1) & minor (C6-C8) mm. pect nn.
2) subclavius m. (n. to subclavius m. - C5, C6)
Grant’s Atlas 8th ed
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
Netter’s Atlas 2nd ed
Intrinsic shoulder mm.
1) infraspinatus m. (suprascapular n. - C5, C6)
2) supraspinatus m. (suprascapular n. - C5, C6)
3) subscapularis m. (upper + lower subscapular nn. - C5, C6)
4) teres minor m. (axillary n. - C5, C6)
5) teres major m. (lower subscapular n. - C5, C6)
6) deltoid m. (axillary n. - C5, C6)
Grant’s Atlas 8th ed
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
rotator cuff musculature
Netter’s Atlas 2nd ed
Muscle
Compartments
of the Upper
Limb - arm
radial n.
(including a portion
of the brachialis m.)
Anterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
musculocutaneous n.
Humerus
Posterior
Anterior
median n. & ulnar n.
Radius
Ulna
radial n.
(including ECRL &
brachioradialis mm.)
Posterior
Anterior
ulnar n. & median n.
5th metacarpal
Posterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
brachium
antr compartment



biceps brachii m.
long head
short head
brachialis m.
coracobrachialis m.
postr compartment


triceps brachii m.
lateral head
medial head
long head
anconeus m.
musculocutaneous n.
(C5-C7)
biceps brachii m. (C5, C6)
brachialis m. (C5, C6)
coracobrachialis m. (C5-C7)
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
axillary n. (C5-C6)
deltoid m. (C5, C6)
teres minor m. (C5, C6)
radial n. (C5-T1)
triceps brachii m. (C6-C8)
anconeus m. (C7, C8)
(brachialis m. C5, C6)
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
Muscle
Compartments
of the Upper
Limb - forearm
radial n.
(including a portion
of the brachialis m.)
Anterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
musculocutaneous n.
Humerus
Posterior
Anterior
median n. & ulnar n.
Radius
Ulna
radial n.
(including ECRL &
brachioradialis mm.)
Posterior
Anterior
ulnar n. & median n.
5th metacarpal
Posterior
Muscle
Compartments
of the Upper
Limb - forearm
radial n.
(including a portion
of the brachialis m.)
Anterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
musculocutaneous n.
Humerus
Posterior
Anterior
median n. & ulnar n.
Radius
Ulna
radial n.
(including ECRL &
brachioradialis mm.)
(FCU & ulnar ½
FDP)
Posterior
Anterior
ulnar n. & median n.
5th metacarpal
Posterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
antebrachium
antr compartment








pronator teres m.
flex. carpi radialis m.
palmaris longus m.
flex. carpi ulnaris m.
flex. digit. superf. m.
flex. digit. profund. m.
flex. pollicis longus m.
pronator quadratus m.
postr compartment










brachioradialis m.
ext. carpi radialis longus m.
ext. carpi radialis brevis m.
ext. carpi ulnaris m.
extensor digitorum m.
extensor digiti minimi m.
extensor indicis m.
abd pollicis longus m.
ext. pollicis longus/brevis m.
supinator m.
antebrachium
antr compartment (median & ulnar nn.)








pronator teres m. (C6, C7)
flex. carpi radialis m. (C6, C7)
palmaris longus m. (C7, C8)
flex. carpi ulnaris m. (C7, C8)
flex. digit. superf. m. (C7, C8, T1)
flex. digit. profund. m. (C7, C8, T1)
flex. pollicis longus m. (C8, T1)
pronator quadratus m. (C8, T1)
antebrachium
antr compartment (median & ulnar nn.)








pronator teres m. (C6, C7)
flex. carpi radialis m. (C6, C7)
palmaris longus m. (C7, C8)
flex. carpi ulnaris m. (C7, C8)
flex. digit. superf. m. (C7, C8, T1)
flex. digit. profund. m. (C7, C8, T1)
flex. pollicis longus m. (C8, T1)
pronator quadratus m. (C8, T1)
ulnar n. (C7-T1)
flex carpi ulnaris m.
medial ½ FDP
+ 14 intrinsic hand
muscles
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
median n. (C5-T1)
PT, FCR, PL,
FDS, lat ½ FDP,
FPL, PQ
+ 5 intrinsic hand
muscles
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
antebrachium
postr compartment (radial n. C5-T1)










brachioradialis m. (C5, C6)
ext. carpi radialis longus m. (C6, C7)
ext. carpi radialis brevis m. (C6, C7 or C7, C8)
ext. carpi ulnaris m. (C7, C8)
extensor digitorum m. (C7, C8)
extensor digiti minimi m. (C7, C8)
extensor indicis m. (C7, C8)
abd pollicis longus m. (C7, C8)
ext. pollicis longus/brevis m. (C7, C8)
supinator m. (C5, C6)
radial n.
(C5-T1)
triceps brachii m.,
anconeus m.
(brachialis m.)
BR, ECRL, ECRB,
ED, EDM,
supinator, ECU,
EI, AbdPL, EPL,
EPB
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 11th ed
Muscle
Compartments
of the Upper
Limb - hand
radial n.
(including a portion
of the brachialis m.)
Anterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
musculocutaneous n.
Humerus
Posterior
Anterior
median n. & ulnar n.
Radius
Ulna
radial n.
(including ECRL &
brachioradialis mm.)
(FCU & ulnar ½
FDP)
Posterior
Anterior
ulnar n. & median n.
5th metacarpal
Posterior
Muscle
Compartments
of the Upper
Limb - hand
radial n.
(including a portion
of the brachialis m.)
Anterior
Grant’s Dissector 13th ed
musculocutaneous n.
Humerus
Posterior
Anterior
median n. & ulnar n.
Radius
Ulna
radial n.
(including ECRL &
brachioradialis mm.)
(FCU & ulnar ½
FDP)
Posterior
Anterior
ulnar n. & median n.
5th metacarpal
Posterior
(thenar mm. & 1st,
2nd lumbricals)
intrinsic hand muscles (C8, T1)
7 interosseii mm. (4 dorsal/3 palmar)
 4 lumbrical mm. (1, 2, 3, 4)
 palmaris brevis m.
 adductor pollicis m.
 three thenar mm. (OP, abd.PB, FPB)
 three hypothenar mm. (ODM, abd.DM, FDMB)

intrinsic hand muscles (median & ulnar nn.)
7 interosseii mm. (4 dorsal/3 palmar)
 4 lumbrical mm. (1, 2, 3, 4)
 palmaris brevis m.
 adductor pollicis m.
 three thenar mm. (OP, abd.PB, FPB)
 three hypothenar mm. (ODM, abd.DM, FDMB)

upper limb cutaneous innervation
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed
upper limb –
dermatome pattern
Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed