Transcript RP-2 ppt
The Design,
Implementation &
Evaluation of Cells : A
Virtual Smartphone
Architecture
By :
Versha Thakur
Shravani Aishwarya
Introduction
Smartphones- most necessary tools to carry nowadays.
Cells are used to enable virtual smartphone features.
Features like 3D graphics, power management, caller ID support etc.
Malicious software's can easily access data.
Solution – Virtual Machine (VM) Mechanism
Cells uses OS virtualization (run multiple VP’s on a single instance)
Tested on Google Nexus 1 and Nexus S phones.
Requirements
Support exclusive & shared access across VPs.
Sensitive information must never be leaked.
Prevent malicious applications.
USAGE MODEL
Cells runs on multiple VPs on a single hardware phone.
VP runs a standard Android environment.
Different level of access & permissions based on the function to be performed.
Switching of VPs depend on the level of access given.
VPs configured on a PC & downloaded to a phone via USB.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Kernel –Level Device
Virtualization
User- Level Device
Virtualization
Scalability Techniques
•
Introduces New kernel- level mechanisms
•
Device namespaces
•
Introduces user- level device namespace proxy
mechanism.
• Starting new VP, cell mounts the VP file system.
•
Cells enable Linux Kernel Samepage Merging
(KSM) for short time.
• Uses Android low memory killer – to increase total
no. of VPs.
GRAPHICS
Framebuffer
• Leverages Kernellevel device
namespace
• Driver (mux_fb)
• Multiplexes access to
a single physical
device.
GPU
• Replace Poor
quality graphics
• Scenes in a video
game, custom
animations.
Power
Management
• Background VPs
should not be able
to put the device
into a low power
mode.
• Should not
prevent the
foreground VP
from putting the
device into a low
power mode.
Experimental Results
REPEATABILITY
Resources are not expensive or difficult to perform research
Requires a group of people with knowledge of many different topics.
REPEATABLE, if proper knowledge in all fields of software & hardware.
EXTENDABILITY
Done in 2012.
Android latest version (4.3) supports the user profiles.
Samsung released few devices – one click switch between Android &
Windows.
Samsung is running two completely different OS on one device.
So research is already extended.
CRITICISM
Missing concepts such as Hardware virtualizations.
Latest cell phones are providing various multi-tasking features.
Only performed to run same OS on different VP’s.
If two different OS’s is implemented – increase the acceptance of the product.
Research on only one phone model Google Nexus.
CONCLUSION
Driven by virtualization mechanisms, device namespaces.
Virtualized critical hardware devices such as framebuffer and GPU.
Android’s complicated power management framework- no extra power
consumption.
Cells provides each VP with complete use of standard cellular phone network
by using VoIP cloud service.
Implemented on Google Nexus 1 and Nexus S.
REFERENCES
http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2324876.2324877&coll=DL&dl=ACM
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~cdall/pubs/Cells-SOSP-final.pdf
http://systems.cs.columbia.edu/projects/cells/
http://thecsbox.com/2013/05/cells-virtual-smartphone-architecture/
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.231.5887