Transcript India`s experiment with the Universal ID Number

AADHAAR – India’s experiment with the
Universal ID Number
Anit N. Mukherjee
National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (NIPFP), New Delhi
Presentation at the Policy Dialogue and South South Learning Event on Long
Term Social Protection for Inclusive Growth
Johannesburg, October 11-13, 2010
• Proving identity first step towards accessing
public services
• UID mandate:
– Better public service delivery
– Financial inclusion
– Transparency
• Timeline: 18 months from August 2009
• Target: To cover 600 million in 5 years
• Focus: The poorest sections of the population
• Public Service Delivery
– Both Federal and State governments
– Overlapping beneficiary sets
– Overlapping programs with same target group
• Financial Inclusion
– Only 5% of India’s population had bank or post office a/c
until 2005, increased to 20% now
– Less than 10 percent of India’s villages have a bank or post
office within 5 km.
– Stringent ‘Know Your Customer’ guidelines for new a/c
• Transparency
– Fragmented data warehouses (Food, Employment, Health)
– The ‘IT Curse’
Ante-natal Period
Maternal Health
Services; Nutrition;
Transport
Janani Suraksha Yojana;
NRHM components on
ante-natal care
Neo-natal Period
Immunization; NRHM
components on neonatal care
Maternal and Child
Health Services
Childhood
Pre-school; School;
Nutrition
Adolescence
High school; vocational
training; higher
education
Young Adult
Livelihood, food,
housing, social and
financial services
Working Age and
Family
Social Safety Net;
Pension; Health
Integrated Child
Development Services;
Universal Education;
School Feeding
Scholarship; Credit
subsidy for
entrepreneurs
NREGA; SHG; PDS; Indira
Awaas Yojana (Housing);
NRHM;
Old-age pension; widow
pension
Old Age
Life Cycle approach to public service delivery
Supply / Scheme
Demand / Need
Federal / State
Schemes
Identification
Poverty Line
P
r
o
c
e
s
s
Rich
Poor
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
Benefit
Poverty Line
Federal / State
Schemes
Rich
Poor
Universal
Identification
Targeted
Easy
Difficult
Benefit
Universal +
Targeted
Inclusive potential of UID
Power of
identity
Eases
mobility
UID
Reach out
to
marginal
groups
Enhanced
access to
services
Direct
benefits to
poor
7
Inclusive potential of UID
Power of
identity
Eases
mobility
UID
Reach out
to
marginal
groups
Enhanced
access to
services
Direct
benefits to
poor
8
UID Authority of India will issue numbers, not cards
UID  Unique number  Random number
Name
Parents
Gender
Basic demographic data
and biometrics
DoB
PoB
Address
UID = 1568 3647 4958
For all Indian residents, voluntary
No duplicates due to biometrics
Central UID
database
Standardized identity attributes
Profiling attributes
Letter with UID # sent
Transaction records
to confirm enrolment
9
UIDAI will authenticate UIDs online –
anywhere, anytime, anyhow
Authentication - ‘Are you
who you claim to be?’
UID = 1568 3647 4958
1:1 check, no ID fraud
Only YES/NO response, no details – no invasion of privacy
10
based micropayments for social workers
ASHA
JSY Beneficiary
Health Centre
Micro-ATM
UID = 1568 3647 4958
1400 to Mother
700 to ASHA
Possibility of
Supply / Scheme
Demand / Need
Ante-natal Period
Maternal Health
Services; Nutrition;
Transport
engineering,
Janani Suraksha Yojana;
NRHM components on
ante-natal care
Neo-natal Period
Immunization; NRHM
components on neonatal care
Maternal and Child
Health Services
Adolescence
High school; vocational
training; higher
education
Young Adult
Livelihood, food,
housing, social and
financial services
Working Age and
Family
Social Safety Net;
Pension; Health
Integrated Child
Development Services;
Universal Education;
School Feeding
NREGS type of
social
protection to a
conditional
cash transfer
more in line
Scholarship; Credit
subsidy for
entrepreneurs
NREGA; SHG; PDS; Indira
Awaas Yojana (Housing);
NRHM;
with Bolsa
Familia
OR
A new hybrid
model : rights-
Old-age pension; widow
pension
Old Age
moving from a
JSY type of
Childhood
Pre-school; School;
Nutrition
process re-
based
conditional
cash transfers
Ranjana Sadashiv Sonwane, 40 F
Hitesh Sadashiv Sonwane, 5 M
Thank You!!
www.uidai.gov.in