Transcript World Consumption of Methyl Bromide

Ken Glassey
Ministry for Primary Industries
New Zealand
&
MBTOC member
Montreal Protocol
 The most successful international treaty ever, signed by 197
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countries
Aim to phase out PRODUCTION of ozone depleting gases
Methyl bromide added in 1992
Phase out of non QPS use in developed countries was
required by 2005 and developing countries by 2015
After those dates required to apply to the UNEP with a
critical use nomination
QPS is exempt controls but countries asked to reduce use
History of use
 Peak of nearly 70,000 tonnes of methyl bromide use in
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early 1990’s
Many countries have totally phased out methyl
bromide use
Reduced to 12,665 tonnes 2012
Quarantine and preshipment is now 70% of the world
use
50 countries reported QPS use in 2012
Figures Source: Ozone Secretariat Data Access Centre,
April 2014
QPS use v Non QPS use
60000
MB (metric tonnes)
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Non-QPS
QPS
Non QPS use
Methyl Bromide (mt)
60,000
50,000
Baseline nonA5
40,000
Baseline A 5
30,000
20,000
Consumption
non-A5
10,000
0
Consumption
A5
Year
QPS use
A5 = developing, non- A5 = developed countries
14,000.00
MB (metric tonnes)
12,000.00
10,000.00
Global
8,000.00
6,000.00
A5
4,000.00
2,000.00
0.00
Non-A5
Main categories of MB use for QPS#
Category of use
A5
Grain & dried foodstuffs
18%
8%
14%
Sawn wood and WPM*
12%
8%
23%
Logs
29%
17%
21%
0%
30%
14%
Misc. and other
16%
7%
8%
Total identified uses
75%
70%
80%
Soil in situ
* WPM – Wood packaging material;
#
Non-A5
Worldwide
- TEAP Progress Report 2011
The main four uses amount to over 70% of the MB consumed
for QPS
Technical Economic Assessment Panel estimates that 31- 47%
of these top four consumption categories (grain, logs, soil,
WPM) can be replaced immediately with commercially
available alternatives
AFAS Countries
900
800
700
Viet Nam
600
India
Thailand
500
Indonesia
400
Sri Lanka
300
Malaysia
Philippines
200
Papua New Guinea
100
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Oceania & Pacific
800
700
600
500
Australia
400
New Zealand
Fiji
300
Solomon Islands
200
100
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
North Asia
1400
1200
1000
800
China
Japan
600
Republic of Korea
400
200
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Asia non AFAS
180
160
140
120
100
Myanmar
80
Singapore
Pakistan
60
40
20
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
North America
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
United States
of America
Canada
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Caribbean
35
30
25
Dominican
Republic
Jamaica
20
15
Trinidad and
Tobago
Cuba
10
5
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Central America
600
500
400
Mexico
El Salvador
300
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
200
Costa Rica
100
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
South America
200
180
160
140
120
Chile
100
Brazil
80
Argentina
60
Uruguay
40
20
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Middle East
500
Egypt
450
United Arab Emirates
400
Lebanon
350
Turkey
300
Iran (Islamic Republic
of)
Saudi Arabia
250
200
150
Jordan
100
Israel
50
0
Morocco
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Africa
100
90
80
70
60
Cameroon
50
Zimbabwe
40
Kenya
30
Mozambique
20
10
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
IPPC Replacement or reduction of
the use of methyl bromide as a
phytosanitary measure (2008)
Recommends a number of things to do to:
1. Replacement of Methyl Bromide Use as a
Phytosanitary Measure
2. Reducing Volumes of Methyl Bromide Use as a
Phytosanitary Measure
3. Physically Reducing Methyl Bromide Emissions
4. Recording Methyl Bromide Use as a Phytosanitary
Measure
5. Guidelines for Appropriate Use of Methyl Bromide as
a Phytosanitary Measure
Record MB use in Categories
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Bulbs, corms, tubers and rhizomes (intended for planting)
Cut flowers and branches (including foliage)
Fresh fruit and vegetables
Grain, cereals and oil seeds for consumption including rice (not intended for
planting)
Dried foodstuffs (including herbs, dried fruit, coffee, cocoa)
Nursery stock (plants intended for planting other than seed), and associated
soil and other growing media
Seeds (intended for planting)
Wood packaging materials
Wood (including round wood, sawn wood, wood chips)
Whole logs (with or without bark)
Hay, straw, thatch grass, dried animal fodder (other than grains and cereals
listed above)
Categories of MB use
 Cotton and other fibre crops and products
 Tree nuts (almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts etc.)
 Structures and equipment
 Buildings with quarantine pests (including elevators, dwellings,
factories, storage facilities)
 Equipment (including used agricultural machinery and
vehicles), empty shipping containers and reused packaging
 Other items
 Personal effects, furniture, crafts, artefacts, hides, fur and skins
Information on alternatives on the
Ozone programme web site
 Technical and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) annual
progress reports
 Four yearly TEAP Assessment Report
 Guideline for methyl bromide quarantine and preshipment
use
http://ozone.unep.org/new_site/en/index.php
Rank
Country
2012
tonnes
1
United States of
America
1,170.90
2
China
1,094.29
3
Viet Nam
4
India
759.53
5
Australia
675.54
6
Japan
594.85
7
New Zealand
8
Mexico
9
Republic of Korea
10
Egypt
11
Thailand
12
Indonesia
13
Malaysia
124.77
14
Myanmar
121.2
15
16
El Salvador
Chile
838
571.3
501.96
445.3
439
320.2
202
109.5
108.21
17
18
19
Singapore
Brazil
Argentina
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
United Arab
Emirates
Lebanon
Philippines
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Guatemala
Sri Lanka
27
Dominican Republic
28
29
30
31
32
Iran (Islamic
Republic of)
Uruguay
Pakistan
Cameroon
Honduras
100.21
74.17
59.4
57.5
50
47.96
40
40
37
33.03
29.4
25
24.4
23.97
23
21.41
33
Nicaragua
18.96
34
Fiji
35
Saudi Arabia
15
36
Jordan
12
37
Israel
38
Morocco
10
39
Costa Rica
4.9
40
Jamaica
2
41
Canada
1.82
42
Solomon Islands
1.2
44
Kyrgyzstan
1.1
45
Trinidad and
Tobago
1
46
Zimbabwe
1
47
Vanuatu
48
Swaziland
0.23
49
Barbados
0.2
50
Belize
16.3
10.39
0.4
0.08