Transcript You are given an aqueous solution that contains a Co 2+ salt. Based

INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY
Fourth Edition
Nivaldo J. Tro
Chapter 4
Atoms and Elements
CRS “Clicker” Questions
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1
What is the charge on the electron, the
proton, and the neutron, respectively?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
–1,+1,+1
–1,+1,–1
–1, 0,+1
–1,+1, 0
+1,+1, 0
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.2
Which scientist discovered the electron?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Democritus
J. J. Thomson
John Dalton
Lord Kelvin
Ernest Rutherford
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3
Which of the following subatomic particles
has the least mass?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Electron
Neutron
Proton
Two of the above
All of the above
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4.4
What subatomic particle(s) is/are found in
the nucleus?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Electron
Neutron
Proton
Two of the above
All of the above
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.5
Which element has the chemical symbol “Pb”?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Mercury
Polonium
Platinum
Tungsten
Lead
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4.6
What is the chemical symbol for potassium?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Po
P
Pt
Pb
K
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4.7
How many protons are in one silver atom?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
47
60
94
108
154
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4.8
Which of the following elements is a
metalloid?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Aluminum
Silicon
Tin
Phosphorus
Iodine
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4.9
Which of the following elements is a
metalloid?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Arsenic
Bismuth
Carbon
Iodine
Gallium
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4.10
Strontium is in which of the following groups?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Halogens
Noble gases
Alkaline earth metals
Alkali metals
Transition metals
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4.11
Chlorine is in which of the following groups?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Halogens
Noble gases
Alkaline earth metals
Alkali metals
Transition metals
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.12
The sum of neutrons and protons in a given
nucleus is referred to as the
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
proton number.
mass number.
atomic number.
isotope number.
neutron number.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.13
How many electrons are in the bromide ion?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
35
36
46
70
80
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.14
How many electrons, protons, and neutrons
respectively are in the iron(III) ion, 56Fe3+ ?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
23,
26,
26,
26,
29,
26,
26,
26,
26,
26,
30
30
56
26
30
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.15
What is the symbol for an ion having 12
protons and 10 electrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Si2+
Si
Mg2+
Ne
Ne2–
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4.16
What is the symbol for an ion having
15 protons and 18 electrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ph3–
Ar
P3+
Cl–
P3–
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.17
How many electrons are in the scandium ion,
Sc3+?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
45
42
48
24
18
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.18
Which atom has the same number of
protons as 59Ni?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
59Fe
58Ni
59Co
141Pr
102Rh
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4.19
The nucleus of a fluorine-19 atom contains
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
19 protons and 19 electrons.
19 protons and 0 electrons.
9 protons and 10 electrons.
19 protons and 19 neutrons.
9 protons and 10 neutrons.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.20
The atomic mass of strontium is 87.62 amu.
Which of the following isotopes is the most
abundant?
a. Sr-84 with a mass of 83.9134 amu
b. Sr-86 with a mass of 85.9093 amu
c. Sr-87 with a mass of 86.9089 amu
d. Sr-88 with a mass of 87.9056 amu
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.21
What is the charge on a halide ion?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0
1–
1+
2–
2+
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.22
Which of the following species has 10
electrons and 14 neutrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
27Al3+
27Al
14N3–
24Mg2+
20Ne
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.23
What is the charge on an oxygen atom?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0
1–
1+
2–
2+
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.24
Isotopes have
a. the same number of protons, but different
numbers of neutrons.
b. the same number of protons and neutrons.
c. the same chemical symbol.
d. the same number of electrons and neutrons.
e. Two of the above
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.25
Which of the following elements has the most
similar reaction with water as potassium?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ca
Ar
Fe
Na
C
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.26
Carbon has 3 naturally-occurring isotopes: C-12 with a
mass of 12.00 amu and natural abundance of 98.89%,
C-13 with a mass of 13.00 amu and natural abundance
of 1.110%. Calculate the atomic mass of carbon. (The
abundance of C-14 is negligibly small.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
12.00 amu
12.01 amu
13.00 amu
14.00 amu
25.00 amu
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.27
A hypothetical element, Hy, has 3 isotopes,
Hy-299, Hy-300, and Hy-301, which have the
following natural abundance respectively: 5.00%,
65.00%, and 30.00%. The atomic masses of the
isotopes are 299.0 amu, 300.0 amu, and
301.0 amu, respectively. Calculate the atomic
mass of Hy.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
299.5 amu
299.8 amu
300.3 amu
300.6 amu
301.1 amu
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.28
Which of the following is characteristic of
metals?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Solid at room temperature
Malleable
Ductile
Located toward the left side of the periodic table
All of the above
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.29
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Which scientist discovered the nucleus?
Robert Millikan
J. J. Thomson
John Dalton
Lord Kelvin
Ernest Rutherford
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.30
Who first theorized that matter was
composed of atoms?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
J. J. Thomson
Leucippus and Democritus
John Dalton
Aristotle
Ernest Rutherford
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.31
Which of the following is NOT a part of
Dalton’s Atomic Theory?
a. Each element is composed of small indestructible
particles called “atoms”.
b. Atoms of a given element are identical to each
other.
c. Matter is neither created nor destroyed.
d. Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to
form compounds.
e. All of the above are part of the Atomic Theory.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.32
Rubidium has two isotopes: Rb-85 with a
mass of 84.91 amu and natural abundance of
72.17% and Rb-87. If the atomic mass of
rubidium is 85.47 amu, what is the mass of the
second isotope, Rb-87?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
89.26 amu
86.92 amu
33.52 amu
86.29 amu
87.00 amu
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.33
Which of the following pairs of ions have the
same number of electrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Al3+ and Ga3+
Fe2+ and Fe3+
S2– and P3–
Li+ and Cl–
Cl– and Br–
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.34
Which of the following elements is expected
to have similar properties to magnesium?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
rubidium
beryllium
nitrogen
sulfur
cesium
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.