Transcript Case 1 Session 3.ppt

Today’s Outline
I. Skit: Part II
II. Break into groups
-Discuss the case
III. Kavita’s
INTERACTIVE review
IV. Dayo’s Picture review
V. Questions???
VI. Debriefing/Feedback
In a traumatic brain injury event, the
SECONDARY
___________
injury is often more
damaging than the ___________
head
PRIMARY
injury.
A blow to the side of the head, like what
happened to Jared in the football game,
TEMPORAL BONE
can fracture the ___________.
This can
BLEEDING
cause ___________
inside the skull.
It is easier for a blow to the side of the
TEMPORAL BONE
head to fracture your ___________
if you
are not wearing a helmet. (So ALWAYS
HELMET
wear a ___________
when playing
contact sports or riding a bike, and make
FASTENED
sure it is ___________!!)
The three layers that envelop the brain
MENINGES
are called ___________.
In order from
closest to the brain to farthest from the
brain they are:
PIA MATER
1. ___________
2. ___________
ARACHNOID
DURA MATER
3. ___________
EPIDURAL
Jared’s secondary injury is an ___________
BLOOD
hematoma. This means ___________
has
accumulated between the ___________
mater
DURA
SKULL
and the ___________.
Brain volume can increase with ___________,
SWELLING
blood volume in the brain can increase with
BLEEDING
___________.
The brain can only swell up to a
point, however, before it is stopped by the
SKULL
___________.
BLOOD
A build up of ___________
can increase
CRANIAL
intra___________
pressure. This can cause
HERNIATE
the brain to ___________
and push through
FORAMEN
MAGNUM
the ___________
___________,
which can
BRAIN
STEM
damage the ___________
___________
.
The brain stem is responsible for things we do
automatically, that we need to keep us alive,
such as:
BREATHING
1. ___________
HEART RATE
2. ___________
BLOOD PRESSURE ADJUSTMENTS
3. ___________
CONCIOUSNESS/AROUSAL
4. ___________
INTRACRANIAL pressure increases, and the
So if ___________
HERNIATES through the foramen
brain ___________
BREATHING
MAGNUM
___________,
a person’s ___________,
HEART RATE
BLOOD PRESSURE , and
___________,
___________
___________
CONCIOUSNESS will be affected.
A Neurological exam includes testing:
CRANIAL
NERVES
1. ___________
___________
SENSATION
2. ___________
STRENGTH
3. ___________
REFLEXES
4. ___________
GAIT (HOW A PERSON WALKS/BALANCE)
5. ___________
12
There are ___________
cranial nerves.
Because the cranial nerves exit the brain near
BRAIN
STEM
the ___________
___________
, testing them
can give a doctor/nurse/paramedic valuable
information about the status of the
___________
___________.
BRAIN
STEM
CRANIAL
Jared has increased intra___________
BLOOD
pressure from a buildup of ___________
in his
___________
space. Increased ___________
EPIDURAL
INTRACRANIAL
pressure can cause something called a
CUSHING’S
___________
Response. A ___________
CUSHING’S
Response includes:
INCREASED
1. ___________
blood pressure
DECREASED
2. ___________
heart rate
IRREGULAR
3. ___________
breathing or respirations