Transcript Research Skills PowerPoint

Research Skills
“You have no say in MLA”
Why Cite?
*
*
*
*
To give credit where credit is
due: Avoid Plagiarism
To establish your credibility as
an author
To give readers access to the sources you cite
Provides consistent format within a discipline
MLA Format
Times New Roman – 12 pt. font
Double Spaced
* 1” Margins
* MLA Heading on first page only
*
*
*
*
Top Right Header
*
*
*
Not a header!
Last Name Page #
Jones 2
Centered Title
*
*
Creative Title
Not in quotation marks, underlined, bolded,
bigger or different font
MLA Heading
Name
Teacher
Course
Date
Joe Smith
Ms. Guzdziol
Junior I--3
11 November 2008
* Align Left
*Double Space
Sample Title Page
Dwyer 1
Barb Dwyer
Pierceall / Benedetti
Advanced Freshman English
4 April 2011
Building a Dream: Emily and Homer
What would it be like to be with your beloved through eternity? How would it feel to
have the person with you, no matter how long you live? In William Faulkner’s “A Rose for Emily,”
the protagonist, Emily Grierson could probably tell you several ways to explore the answers to
those questions. . . .
Presenting Information
3 Different Ways to Present Information or
Facts in your Paper:
 Direct
Quote (DQ)
 Summary (Summ.)
 Paraphrase (Para.)
Type 1: Direct Quotes
*
Quoting any words (word for word) that
are not your own
* Any part of a text can be directly quoted
– not just a spoken quotation
* Use Parenthetical Citation
* Direct quotes can NEVER stand alone
Quote Weaves
* Signal Phrase
* Your own words setting up the quotation
* 3 types of signal phrases (Complete thought,
Speaker’s Tag, Incomplete thought)
* Quote
* Someone else’s words set off by quotation
marks
* Parenthetical Citation
* Source information
Signal Phrase – Complete Thought
*
Punctuation is a colon
* Examples:
* He knew he was grounded when the cop knocked
on the front door: “the tapping was a commanding
rap signaling the death of fun” (Jones 18).
* The snow fell earlier than last year: “August is too
soon to sled” (Miller 33).
* Holden knew what he did had consequences and
ready to face the music: “looking through the
window seeing all the boys fence left the feeling of
abandonment” (“Catcher loses”).
Signal Phrase – Speaker’s Tag
*
Punctuation is a comma
* Use when separating the speaker from what is being
said
* Introducing the speaker of the quote
Example:
* When awakening from a nightmare, Carol screamed,
“Leave me alone” (Phillips 6).
* According to Stephanie Bower, “kids like to read”
(Phillips 8).
Signal Phrase – Incomplete Thought
*
When blending your thoughts directly into
the quotation no punctuation is needed
Example:
Romantic poetry is characterized by the
“spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”
(Wordsworth 263).
Summarizing
*
Taking ideas from a large passage of another source
and condense them using your own words
* Use Parenthetical Citation
Example:
Wheaton North High School is ranked 39th out of 670 schools within Illinois.
Students have the opportunity to take AP course work and exams. The AP
participation rate at Wheaton North High School is 41 percent.– ISBE.net
Summarized Example: Wheaton North High School is ranked
39/670 best school within the state because of the multiple AP
opportunities and high participation rate (ISBE.net).
Paraphrasing
*
Taking ideas from a short passage of another source and
condense them using your own words
* Use Parenthetical Citation
* How To:
 Keep the source out of sight as you paraphrase, so you will
not be tempted to use any of the sentence patterns or
phrases of the original
 Do not substitute synonyms for some or most of the words
in an author’s passage. This practice will result in
plagiarism
 Use your own sentence structure as well as your own
words. Your writing will be regarded as plagiarized if it
resembles the original too closely in sentence structure as
well as in wording
 Check your text against the original source to avoid
inadvertent plagiarism.
Paraphrasing Example
Wheaton North High School is ranked 39th out of 670 schools
within Illinois. Students have the opportunity to take AP
course work and exams. The AP participation rate at Wheaton
North High School is 41 percent.– ISBE.net
Paraphrasing Example: Wheaton North High School,
home of the Falcons, is one of the best high schools
in the state of Illinois. This honor is greatly
contributed to its successful AP program which 1/3rd
of the student body participates in because it has a
wide variety of classes offered (ISBE.net).
Difference
 What
is the difference between
paraphrasing and summarizing?
 Define
“direct quote.”
Blocked Quotations
*
*
*
*
*
*
4 or more typed lines of text –Not sentences
End the signal phrase with a colon
Double indent the entire quote 1 inch (1 inch = Double
Tab or 10 spaces)
Do NOT use quotation marks
Continue Double Spacing
Cite the source after the end punctuation of the quote
Blocked Quotations
At the conclusion of Lord of the Flies, Golding has Ralph and
the other boys realize the horror of their actions:
The tears began to flow and sobs shook him. He gave
himself up to them now for the first time on the island;
great shuddering spasms of grief that seemed to wrench
his whole body. His voice rose under the black smoke
before the burning wreckage of the island; and infected
by that emotion, the other little boys began to shake and
sob too. (Golding186)
Ellipses
*
Indicates the original passage has material that has
been omitted.
* Ellipses are not necessary at the beginning or end
of a quotation when taken from a large passage
* If you use ellipses at the end of your sentence you use
a 4th dot to illustrate you have finished your sentence
*
Example:
During English class I learned “Shakespeare was
born in 1564 . . . . He died 1616” (Jones 46).
Brackets
*
Use brackets when you are inserting material into sentences
that are not originally in the sentence--in other words, not done
by the original author
Example:
While reading the newspaper “he [unexpectedly] died of
shock” (Kade 83).
*
Add brackets in sentences where you need to clarify
information
Example:
While reading the newspaper “he [Brian] died of shock”
(Kade 83).
Quote within a Quote
 To
indicate that you are quoting a person
or a fact that your source quoted use “qtd.
in” and then your source.
 Make sure you provide significant
information in the signal phase.
Female abductees, especially, report being taken
to nurseries to see these children. Barbara
Archers, for example, claims “[The babies] sacred
me… because they looked odd” (qtd. in Jacobs
116).
Fact Card
Topic – Sub Topic
Source #
Quote Weave
(Sum., Para., DQ)
Source Type
Type of Fact
Example Notecard
Colleges – University of Iowa
4
The number one school for school spirit in
the Big Ten (Smith 31).
Magazine
Summ.
Source Card
Source Type
Source Number
MLA citation. “Exactly How it Will Appear in
Your Works Cited and Bibliography” 2014.
Example Source Card
Magazine (Print)
4
Smith, John. “Bleeding Black and Gold.”
Entertainment Weekly. 10 April 2007: 3133. Print.
Works Cited
*
A complete list of every source that you make reference to in
your essay
* Provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and
retrieve any sources cited in your essay
* Each entry includes this basic information:
 Author’s name
 Title of work
 Publication information: Source of work, date published,
volume and issue numbers, and page numbers
Works Cited
* Center the words Works Cited at the top – no quotes, italics, or
underline
* Pagination continues from your previous paper
* Arrange sources alphabetically with the first letter of the entry
– Do NOT number your sources
* If the entry goes onto a 2nd lines you must use a hanging
indent. Go to the end of the 1st line and press tab twice.
* Each Individual Entry Is Double Spaced
* Within the entry
* Between entries
* Do not put extra spaces in-between each entries
Bibliography

A bibliography is a list of the sources you
used to get information for your report. It is
included at the end of your report, on the last
page after the Works Cited.
 What’s the difference? All sources looked
at/read while researching should be included
in the Bibliography. All sources cited/used
within the paper should be included in the
Works Cited. This mean all sources on the
Works Cited will also be listed in the
Bibliography.
Sample Works Cited Page
Smith 12
Works Cited
Dickens, Charles. Bleak House. 1852-1853. New York: Penguin,
1985. Print.
Miller, J. Hillis. Charles Dickens: The World and His Novels.
Bloomington: U of Indiana P, 1958. Print.
“Squeezing the Poor for Votes.” New York Times on the Web. 18 February
2004. Web. 20 March 2004. <http://www.nytimes.com>.
Zwerdling, Alex. “Esther Summerson Rehabilitated.” PMLA 88 (May
1973): 429-439. Print.
Additional Help
*
*
*
*
Purdue Writing Center
Modern Language Association
Noodle Tools
Easybib.com