Transcript Hazardous Materials [PPT]

Hazardous Materials
Chemical Inventory
Each Laboratory must maintain a
complete, accurate and up to date
chemical inventory.
 The inventory should include:
– All Chemicals
 Hazardous
 Non-hazardous
– Compressed Gasses
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Chemical Inventory
When you are doing the inventory, it is a good time
to discard any chemicals that:
– Have expired.
– Are no longer being used.
– Have containers that have been compromised,
i.e. cracked lid.
– Have labels that are illegible.
 Submit your updated inventory to
EH&S on a yearly basis.
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Safety Data Sheets - SDS

A Safety Data Sheet or
SDS is information
provided by the
manufacturer and
maintained by the
employer to inform
employees of the possible
hazards associated with
chemicals being used in
their work area. It is part
of a hazard
communication program.
Safety Data Sheets - SDS

As stated in 29 CFR 1910.1200(g)(8), “the
employer (Lab) shall maintain in the workplace
copies of the required SDS…and shall ensure
that they are readily accessible during each work
shift to employees when they are in their work
area.” safety data sheets for each hazardous
chemical This can be done by:
– Shared database in which all laboratory
workers have access.
– Stored hardcopies that are sent from the
manufacturer.
Safety Data Sheets - SDS
Each Laboratory must maintain a current SDS
for each chemical or compound being stored or
used in the laboratory.
 SDS location must be clearly marked.
 Each laboratory worker needs to use and
understand SDS’s.

Global Harmonization Standard
(GHS)
The revised Hazard Communication
Program incorporates the GHS and refers
to MSDS as Safety Data Sheets (SDS).
 It also requires that the information on the
SDS is presented using consistent
headings in a specified sequence.
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SDS Format
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Section 1: Identification of the substance or mixture
and of the supplier.
– Consists of a product identifier, supplier or
manufacture details, recommendations and
restrictions of use, and an emergency telephone
number.
Section 2: Hazards identification
– Consists of the GHS classification of the substance
and/or mixture, as well as any national or local
information. GHS label elements, such as symbols,
precautionary statements and other hazards which
are not covered by the GHS, can also be provided in
this section.
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Section 3: Composition/Information on ingredients
– Contains the chemical identity, common name and
synonyms of the given substance and/or mixture.
The chemical identity and concentration of all
hazardous ingredients will be provided for all
hazardous mixtures.
– CAS numbers, EC numbers, impurities and stabilizing
additives should also be provided in this section as
well.
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Section 4: First aid measures
– Consists of descriptions for necessary measures that
are subdivided according to the most important
symptoms/effects from different routes of exposure,
such as, inhalation, skin and eye contact and
ingestion.
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Section 5: Firefighting measures
– Suitable extinguishing media and special protective
equipment and precautions for firefighters, as well as
any specific hazards arising from the chemical.
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Section 6: Accidental release measures
– Includes personal precautions, protective equipment
and emergency procedures. Environmental
precautions, methods and materials for containment
and cleaning up are available in this section as well.
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Section 7: Handling and storage
– Contains precautions for safe handling and conditions
for safe storage, including any incompatibilities with
other chemicals.
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Section 8: Exposure controls/personal
protection
– Includes control parameters, such as,
occupational exposure limits or biological limits.
Appropriate engineering controls and individual
protection measures, such as protective
equipment is provided in this section as well.
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Section 9: Physical and chemical properties
– Contains the physical and chemical properties,
such as, appearance, odor, pH level, melting
point/freezing point and flash point, etc.
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Section 10: Stability and reactivity
– Contains information on the chemical stability
and possible hazardous reactions.
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Section 11: Toxicological information
– A description of various health effects and the
information one needs to know in order to
identify the side effects.
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Section 12: Ecological information (not
required)
– Includes any adverse effects on the
environment such as Eco toxicity and
degradability.
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Section 13: Disposal considerations (Not Required)
– Includes a description of waste remains and
information on safe disposal.
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Section 14: Transport information (Not Required)
– Contains information such as the UN number,
shipping name and the transport hazard class or
classes.
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Section 15: Regulatory information (Not Required)
– Consists of any specific regulations for the identified
product.
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Section 16: Other information
– Contains any other information, such as preparation
date and revision of the SDS.
SDS Emergency
In an emergency and you cannot retrieve an SDS,
one can be obtained by calling the 3E
Company’s 24 Hour phone #:
800-451-8346
Or
760-602-8703
Chemical Storage
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Separate incompatible chemicals.
– Separate oxidizers from organics
– Separate flammable liquids, acids and bases
Provide earthquake restraints for all
shelving when storing chemicals or
glassware.
 Secondary containment needs to be
provide if there is a risk of release
into the environment.
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Chemical Storage
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Storage container MUST be compatible
with material.
– Example: Metal containers cannot be used for
acids and bases.
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Food containers MUST NEVER BE USED
for chemical storage.
Weekly Inspection
At least weekly, the Responsible Party must
inspect areas used for hazardous materials
storage.
 You must look for leaking containers, for
deterioration of containers and for deterioration
of the containment system.
 Any issues found must be corrected
immediately.

Weekly Inspection
A written record of this weekly inspection
should be posted in the laboratory or work
area.
 You can make
your own
sheet or
contact your
EH&S
inspector for
one.
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Flammable Liquids Storage
If a lab has quantities greater than
10 gallons, they must be stored in
an approved flammable liquids
storage cabinet.
 Containers that can be shattered or
punctured easily must be in
secondary containment.
 Do not store with acids or bases.
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Acids Storage
Store in secondary containment
 Cannot be stored at or above eye level.
 Label cabinets “Acid” with 3” letters
 Store by acid class in separate secondary
containment
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– Organic
– Inorganic
– Oxidizing
Common Organic Acids
Glacial Acetic Acid
 Trichloroacetic Acid
 Trifluoroacetic Acid
 Formic Acid
 Citric Acid
 Benzoic Acid
 Butyric Acid
 Propionic Acid
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Common Inorganic Acids
Hydrochloric Acid
 Hydrofluoric Acid
 Hydrobromic Acid
 Phosphoric Acid
 Chromic Acid
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Common Oxidizing Acids
Nitric Acid
 Perchloric Acid
 Sulfuric Acid
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Bases Storage
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Store in secondary containment
Store away from acids and solvents
Cannot be stored at or above eye level.
Label cabinets “Base” with 3” letters
Examples:
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–
–
–
Hydroxides
Amines
Ammonia
Bleach
Compressed Gasses
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Must be upright and restrained
– At least two chains must fit snuggly
around the cylinders.
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Separate incompatible gasses
– Flammable & Oxidizing by 20 feet
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Keep caps on while in
transportation or storage
Peroxide Formers
Peroxide formers must be dated when received, opened
and when checked for peroxides.
 Test for peroxides annually and label with the tested
ppm level.
 Any container that is suspected of peroxide formation or
tests at a level above 25 ppm should be given to EH&S
for disposal.
 Prudent practices are to use or dispose of peroxides
within 2 years of opening.
 List of Peroxide formers can be found at:
http://bfa.sdsu.edu/ehs/pdf/ClassPeroxidizableChem.pdf
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Chemical Labeling
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All containers in the laboratory must be
properly labeled with the name of the
material being stored in the container.
This includes non-hazardous materials
such as:
– Water
– Weak buffers
– Salts
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Full name with NO abbreviations.
Chemical Labeling
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Containers must also include the physical
and health hazards of the material.
No Hazard!
Physical Hazards
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Flammable
Pyrophoric
Self-Heating
Self-Reactive
Compressed Gas
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Explosive
 Oxidizer
 Organic Peroxide
 Corrosive
Health Hazards
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Carcinogen
Mutagenicity
Reproductive Toxin
Respiratory
Sensitizer
Target Organ Toxin
Aspiration Toxin
Toxic/Acute Toxin
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Irritant
Skin Sensitizer
Eye Damage
Narcotic Effects
Respiratory Tract
Irritant
Burns skin
Labeling Information
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Consult the SDS or the manufacturer’s
label for accurate labeling information.
Global Harmonization System
(GHS)
The GHS uses globally recognized categories
and pictograms for manufactures to
communicate hazards on chemicals bottles.
Global Harmonization System
Hazard pictograms are one of the key elements
for the labeling of containers under the GHS,
along with:
 An identification of the product;
 A signal word – either DANGER or
WARNING – where necessary
 Hazard Statements, indicating the nature and
degree of the risks posed by the product
 Precautionary Statements, indicating how the
product should be handled to minimize risks
to the user (as well as to other people and
the general environment)
 The identity of the supplier
(who might be a manufacturer
or importer)
HMIS
“Hazardous Materials Identification System” for
Secondary Containers
The HMIS rating is a color-coded, alphanumeric system which gives information
about the health, flammability and reactivity of the chemical in question. The
system rates a material from a minimal hazard through a serious hazard. It also
recommends the appropriate personal protective equipment to be worn when
handling the particular chemical.
Example of HMIS
HMIS Health
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0 - Minimal Hazard
Not significant risk to health.
1 - Slight Hazard
Irritation or minor reversible injury possible.
2 - Moderate Hazard
Temporary or minor injury may occur.
3 - Serious Hazard
Major injury likely unless prompt action is taken and medical treatment is given.
4 - Severe Hazard
Life-threatening, major or permanent damage may result from single or repeated over exposures.
HMIS Flammability
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0 - Minimal Hazard
Materials that will not burn. Usually includes any material that will not burn in air when exposed
to a temperature of 1500°F. for a period of 5 minutes
1 - Slight Hazard
Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur.
2 - Moderate Hazard
Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures
before ignition can occur.
3 - Serious Hazard
Materials capable of ignition under almost all ambient temperature conditions.
4 - Severe Hazard
Materials that will rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and
normal ambient temperatures with a flashpoint below 73°F. Materials may ignite
spontaneously with air.
HMIS Reactivity
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0 - Minimal Hazard
Materials that are normally stable even under fire conditions.
1 - Slight Hazard
Materials that are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and
pressures.
2 - Moderate Hazard
Materials that readily undergo violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures.
These materials may also react violently with water.
3 - Serious Hazard
Materials that are capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but require a strong initiating
source or materials the react explosively with water.
4 - Severe Hazard
Materials that are readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or
explosive reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.
HMIS Protective Equipment
Other Hazmat Labeling- Sample
3
San Diego State University
5500 Campanile Drive
San Diego, CA 92182
1
Ethanol
x
x
x
x
x
0
This labeling is not adequate.
Exposure
Routes of Exposure
Inhalation
 Absorption
 Ingestion
 Injection
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Exposure Control
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Prevent exposures to hazardous materials.
– Inhalation – Keep containers closed, use the
fume hood, reduce volumes.
– Absorption – Wear gloves, lab coat, safety
glasses, clean up spills promptly.
– Ingestion – Don’t eat, drink, smoke or apply
cosmetics in the laboratory. Don’t store
hazardous material in food containers.
– Injection – Use care when handling
sharps. Properly dispose of sharps.
Exposure Control
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Engineering controls:
-hoods, cabinets, safety cans,
trays
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Work practices:
-Standard operating procedures
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Personal protective
equipment:
- safety glasses, lab coats,
gloves, no open-toed shoes
Be Safe, Act Responsibly, Accidents Really Do Happen
Types of Emergencies
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Medical emergency
– Immediately call 911
Fire
 Chemical spill
 Biohazardous material spill
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Emergency Response
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If an emergency occurs, notify:
– Notify the supervisor or anyone in your area
your safety officer or EH&S (x46778).
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If after business hours, notify Public Safety
(911).
Remember, to review at any
time
Consult the Hazardous Materials and
Hazardous Waste Management Practices
Booklet provided by EH&S.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Q. How do I know what is the appropriate
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) that I
should wear?
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A. Check the SDS for the material or sometimes
the manufacture’s label will have the
information. SDS’s are also a great tool in
deciding how to label your containers.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Q. I can’t fit all the required information on my
container because it is too small. What can I
do?
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A. Difficult question. Labeling the contents of
the container is priority. If that is all the
information you can fit on it, place the container
into secondary containment like a beaker and
write all the additional information on the
secondary containment.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Q. Do I need to use the blue, red, yellow and
white HMIS labels?
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No, it would be ideal if everyone did but
sometimes it not practical. You can use
whatever method you can. Be it masking tape or
sharpies. As long as all the information is there,
it is legible and stays on the container, you are
fine.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Q. Why do I need to label something has just
plain water in it?
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A. A container with water looks just like a
container with Hydrochloric Acid or any other
clear liquid. You can’t tell if something is
dangerous just by looking at it. That is the
purpose of Hazard Communication.
Communicate what is hazardous and
what is not.
The End