Transcript Slides

Europe, from a pioneering role to the leading
edge of R&D with a global perspective for
the future of geothermal energy
P. Ledru, L. Rybach, T. Megel
Engine Mid-term Conference
10-12 January 2007
GFZ Potsdam, Germany
Opening Session
The strategy of the European commission and the
R&D programs
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Directive 2001/77/EC : doubling the contribution of renewable
energy from 6 to 12% of total energy consumption by 2010.
A total budget of 46,6M€ over 4 years and a support of 17,6M€
from EU (FP 6) dedicated to geothermal energy
The White Paper (Community Strategy and Action Plan, 1997) :
doubling (500 to 1000 MW) of electricity production capacity,
increase from 750 to 25000 MW for heat production capacity
of geothermal origin by 2010
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Overview of the geothermal activity in Europe
Iceland
Geothermal Heat Pumps
Icelandic Deep
Drilling project
Alvsby
Pyrzyce
Guadalupe
Açores
Paris Basin
Heat Pumps
Podhale, Mszczonów,
Pyrzyce, Uniejów Slomniki
Groß Schönebeck
Neustadt-Glewe
Soultz-sous-forêt EGS
Basel EGS
Altheim
Cozia-Calciulata
Larderello
Ferrara
Bansko,
Kocani,
Gevgelia
Izmir
Soultz
Groß Schönebeck
Altheim
Neustdat-Glewe
District heating
Enhanced Geothermal Systems
test sites
Electricity production, co generation
Larderello, 1904-2006
Geothermal power and direct use production
Geothermal direct use capacity 2005
13626 MWt
Geothermal power capacity
2004, 1179 MWE
France: 19
Others: 37,2
Russia: 79
Austria: 352
Germany: 504
Switzerland: 582
Hungary: 694
Denmark: 330
Norway: 600
Others: 3964
Italy: 607
Turkey:
1495
Iceland:
202
Sweden: 3840
Italy: 791
Iceland:
1844
Compilation, L. Rybach, GRC 2006
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FP6 projects: a significant R&D investment
CAMELIA: Multigeneration
Energy Systems with
Locally Integrated
Applications
GroundHit: Ground Coupled
Heat Pumps of High
Technology
Low Bin:
Binary
systems
ENGINE Coordination Action
I-GET: Integrated
Geophysical
Exploration
Technology
EGS (STREP): Soultz
HITI (STREP): High-Temperature
Equipment
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The strategy of the European commission and the R&D
programs
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Directive 2001/77/EC : doubling the contribution of renewable
energy from 6 to 12% of total energy consumption by 2010.
A total budget of 46,6M€ over 4 years and a support of 17,6M€
from EU (6th FP) dedicated to geothermal energy
The White Paper (Community Strategy and Action Plan, 1997) :
doubling (500 to 1000 MW) of electricity production capacity,
increase from 750 to 25000 MW for heat production capacity
of geothermal origin by 2010
To be compared with in 2004: electricity production capacity: 1
1179 MWE, and in 2005: heat production capacity 13626 MWt
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Weakness/strength of EU R&D
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A lack of political support, youth and growth defaults of geothermal
energy (corrosion, H2S gas emission, sustainability…)
The development of geothermal heat pumps market and costefficient geothermal devices that have overpassed these difficulties
The geothermal energy participates to the global debate about
greenhouse effect and energy supply
A clear definition of what is R&D and industrial matter
A stimulating pressure to fit with the needs of industry and face the
scientific challenges
Restricted market that hinder investment of major companies
EU is still in a pioneer position for experiments and R&D (linked to
the high investment of successive FP)
Because of the wide range of sources and applications, dispersion
of manpower and R&D funds
Because of the wide range of sources and applications,
complementary skills and transfer of knowledge and know-how
exist
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State of the art: ENGINE, the right project
at the right time ?
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A sound scientific and technical knowledge acquired in Europe
during the 20th century. Conventional geothermal energy still
benefits from ongoing improvements in conversion, heat
distribution… and should become increasingly cost-effective
(rise in energy prices, new environmental constraints,
greenhouse gas reduction...)
Is there a need for long-term collaborative research on
international projects to develop Enhanced Geothermal
Systems?
What could be the role of ENGINE?
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The need of an international strategy
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There is a renewed interest for geothermal energy from
deep sources
the Soultz experiment is considered as the international
reference by the Australian investors and American
scientists for whom EGS is one of the few renewable
energy that can provide continuous base load-power.
As well as for scientist from Chile…
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The co-ordination of these short and long term projects
requires a well organised scientific community at an
international level, a restored political support and good
links with industry and stakeholders.
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Hot Rock Projects in South
Australia (from B. Goldstein)
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South Australian heat
flow anomaly
Geodynamics
Petratherm =MNGI
Pacific Hydro
Osiris Energy
Geothermal Resources
Torrens Energy
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Scopenergy
Green Rock
Eden (Tasman affiliate)
Proactive Energy
Origin Energy Resources
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92 GELs / GELAs over 43,440 km²
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The 5-year GEL exploration and demonstration
work programs correspond to $500+ million,
and this excludes up-scaling and deployment
projects
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Habanero 1,2
Geodynamics
Eden
Eden
Geodynamics
Osiris
11 GEL / GELA Holders
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Pacific Hydro
Can benefit from Commonwealth renewable
energy initiatives:
1. Renewable Energy Certificates
2. REDI Grants
3. Circa $500 million in Federal grants to
demonstrate low emissions technologies
Just 1 GEL (500 km²) has hot rock emissionfree energy potential to yield electricity
equivalent to several Snowy Mountain Hydro
Schemes (1 SM approx = 550 MWe)
Proactive
Eden
Yerila 1
Petratherm
Proactive
Petratherm
Blanche 1
Green Rock
Eden
Paralana 1B
Proactive
Torrens
Regional power grid
Geothermal
Green Rock
Eden
Torrens
200 km
Sedimentary basin (thermal blanket)
Petratherm
Geothermal
Heat Flow 1,3,4
Scopenergy
Origin
Osiris
Future geothermal prospects in UK (J. Busby, 2006, BGS)
Could we exploit the
geothermal potential of North
Sea oil fields as their oil runs
out? Some have reservoir
temperatures over 100º C
and so electricity generation
might be possible.
Should we reconsider
HDR in the light of new
Iceland could become
technology? Cornwall?
a net exporter of
or possibly reassess the
green electricity.
eastern Highlands of
Should we
Scotland?
contribute to
understanding their
resources as we
could benefit?
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Possible contribution of international collaborative research
to transform Weakness into Strength
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A lack of political support
Making our voice louder to be heard for raising funding and showing
that EGS can provide continuous base load-power
Showing the contribution of geothermal energy to the energy supply
politics and reduction of greenhouse effect
Showing the use of cost-efficient geothermal energy (medium
enthalpy, GHP, cooling and heating..)
Develop a real strategy of communication
Restricted market that hinder investment of major companies
Promoting the use of the different sources of geothermal energy
Including the development of geothermal fields from third countries
within an international perspective
Developing the potential of geothermal recovery from oil and gas field
Ensuring the success of on going experiments
Because of the wide range of sources and applications, dispersion of
manpower and R&D funds
Integrate complementary skills and ensure transfer of knowledge and
know-how within a supported international cooperation action
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ENGINE, the right project at the right
time
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A sound scientific and technical knowledge acquired in
Europe during the 20th century.
A need for long-term collaborative research on international
projects to develop Enhanced Geothermal Systems:
reference to the Soultz experiment for promoting new
projects in Australia, Kamtchaka, Chile…, extension of
existing geothermal fields, geothermal recovery from existing
oil and gas operations…
ENGINE, along with other initiatives (European Commission,
IEA-GIA, MIT expert panel, IGA, EGEC…) can contribute to
the construction of an international strategy, consolidate the
available information systems, propose spin-off projects that
will receive the support of stakeholders, decision makers and
private investors.
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