Transcript PETROLEUM REMEDIATION VIA IN SITU BIO REACTORS

Petroleum Remediation via In Situ BioReactors
Eric J. Raes, P.E., LSRP
Engineering and Land Planning
Dora Ogles, Brett Baldwin, Kate Clark & Anita Biernacki
Microbial Insights Inc.
Kerry Sublette, Ph.D., Kate Key
University of Tulsa
From Humble Beginnings…..
The Bio-Trap® Sampler:
•Rapid formations of indigenous
bacteria bio-films
•Multitude of microbial
populations identification and
quantification analyzes
The Bio-Trap…
The Bio-Trap…
On Steroids
Operation of an Aerobic Bioreactor at
Hydrocarbon Sites
• Bio-Sep beads, nutrient addition,
•
•
and air sparging encourage
microbial growth and reproduction
Contaminated groundwater is
treated as it moves through the
column of Bio-Sep beads
Water exiting the reactor carries
hydrocarbon-degrading microbes
into the aquifer
Aerobic Bioreactor Flow Pattern
From MTBE to PCE
PCE et al.
MTBE
Case Study No. 1, Toluene
• Former Industrial site in northern New Jersey
• Toluene UST was removed in October 2001
• Previous remedial efforts failed to achieve goals
• Soil and groundwater contamination and free
phase toluene product has historically been
observed in the pilot study area
• Levels of toluene potentially inhibitory, up to
430,000 ug/L
Aerobic Bioreactor, Test Site 1
Pilot Study Results - IW-1 and Piezometers
PZ-4
PZ-2
PZ-1
IW-1
PZ-3
Pilot Study Results - IW-1 and Piezometers
450000
Toluene Concentration
400000
350000
[Toluene] (μg/L)
300000
250000
IW-1
200000
PZ-1
PZ-2
150000
PZ-3
PZ-4
100000
50000
0
-50
0
50
100
Day
150
200
250
Pilot Study Results - ISBR Wells
Toluene Concentrations
300000
250000
[Toluene] (μg/L)
200000
IW-1
IW-2
150000
IW-3
IW-4
IW-5
100000
IW-6
50000
0
-50
0
50
100
Day
150
200
250
Pilot Study Results - Monitoring Well
Results
13C
Utilized for CO2
4000
3500
DIC Del (‰)
3000
2500
Day -12
Day 37
Day 56
Day 94
2000
1500
1000
500
0
-500
MW-2
MW-4
MW-4M
MW-5
MW-5M
Star Pupils
•
GW Flow
Case Study No. 2, Chemical Oxidation &
Bio Reactors, Unusual Friends
“The Fortuitous Accident”
60%
NAH Populations and Expression
1.0E+10
50%
Gene Copies/bead
40%
1.0E+06
30%
1.0E+04
20%
1.0E+02
10%
1.0E+00
0%
MNA
Pre-ISCO
During
ISCO
NAH Population (DNA)
Post-ISCO Biostimulation
(1 month)
NAH Expression (RNA)
Post-ISCO
MNA
(4 months)
% Loss
% Loss 13C Naphthalene
1.0E+08
“The Fortuitous Accident”
60%
NAH Populations and Expression
1.0E+10
50%
Gene Copies/bead
40%
1.0E+06
30%
1.0E+04
20%
1.0E+02
10%
1.0E+00
0%
MNA
Pre-ISCO
During
ISCO
NAH Population (DNA)
Post-ISCO Biostimulation
(1 month)
NAH Expression (RNA)
Post-ISCO
MNA
(4 months)
% Loss
% Loss 13C Naphthalene
1.0E+08
“The Fortuitous Accident”
60%
NAH Populations and Expression
1.0E+10
50%
Gene Copies/bead
40%
1.0E+06
30%
1.0E+04
20%
1.0E+02
10%
1.0E+00
0%
MNA
Pre-ISCO
During
ISCO
NAH Population (DNA)
Post-ISCO Biostimulation
(1 month)
NAH Expression (RNA)
Post-ISCO
MNA
(4 months)
% Loss
% Loss 13C Naphthalene
1.0E+08
Chem Ox and ISBRs
The combination of Chemical Oxidation &
Bio-Remediation is….
•
Underutilized?
•
Emerging?
•
More efficient than expected.
Case Study No. 3, Benzene in a difficult
environment
• Just Another former Industrial
site in northern New Jersey
• Mid-Level benzene levels in
groundwater (~500 ug/l)
• Meadow mat environment
Pilot Test Results, ISBR Well OB-2; Favorite
Child
Pilot Test Results, ISBR Well OB-1; Red
Headed Step Child
Formation Well (15’ Down-Gradient)
Issues
Questions?
Then: Surface equipment supporting
the bioreactor
Now: Bio-Enhance Control Box