Transcript XTOD Beamline Configuration

X Ray Transport, Optics, and
Diagnostics Overview
FAC Photon Topical
Oct. 27, 2005
This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48.
Work supported in part by the DOE Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. This work was performed in support of the LCLS project at SLAC.
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Outline
XTOD Configuration
X-Ray Beam Conditioning & Diagnostics Goals
XTOD Interfaces
Upstream FEE Instruments
Mechanical & Vacuum
XTOD Work Plan
Technical Documents, Summary
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
The FEE Will House the Majority of XTOD
Diagnostics and Beam Conditioning Systems
Slit
Solid
Attenuator
Diagnostics
Package
Be Mirrors 2 & 3
Collimator 1
Fast
close
valve
Ion
Chamber
Gas Attenuator
Collimator 2
SiC Mirror 1
Ion
Chamber
Diagnostics
Package
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
SiC Mirror 2
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
The FEE Instruments Will Be Used to Characterize
and Monitor the Performance of the LCLS Beam
Windowless
Ion
Chamber
Muon
Shield
Slit;
Fixed
Mask
e-
Spectrometer / Indirect
Imager
5 mm
diameter
collimators
Start of
Experimental
Hutches
Solid
Attenuator
Total
Energy
Calorimeter
Gas
Attenuator
Fast Valve
Diagnostic Package
WFOV Direct
Imager
Windowless
Ion
Chamber
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
FEL Offset
mirror system Diagnostic
Package
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Experimental Halls and Tunnel are Comprised
Primarily of Transport Systems and Imagers
FEH
TUNNEL
Hutch 2
Flipper Mirror
Direct Imager, CD4
Direct Imager
NEH
Ion Pump Offset
Support
Beam Tube, 4.00” OD X
.083” W X 120” L
Flex
Support
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Turbo Pump
Offset Support
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Gas and Solids Attenuators Can Attenuate the
FEL up to 4 Orders of Magnitude
Solid Attenuator
256 Attenuation Levels
* For a transmission of 10-4
Gas Attenuator
Use Gas
Use Solids
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
XTOD Redundant Commissioning Instrumentation
Instrument
Purpose
Direct Imager
SP f(x,y), look
ND filter,
for FEL, measure Attenuators
FEL u, f(x,y), x,y
Scintillator
linearity,
Attenuator
linearity and
background
Indirect Imager
Measure FEL u,
f(x,y), spectral
imaging of SP &
FEL harmonics
Mirror Angle
Mirror reflectivity,
damage
Total Energy
FEL u
Attenuators
Energy to Heat,
damage
Ion Chamber
FEL u, x,y,x',y'
Pressure
Signal strength
Spectrometers
FEL, SP spectra
Attenuators
Resolution,
damage
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
Adjustment
UCRL-PRES-216590
Calibration and
Physics risks
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
FEL Offset System Has Been Incorporated in the
XTOD Plan
Baseline cost & schedule have been defined
The FEE layout has been modified
Radiation Physics analysis has defined critical
components (e.g, collimators, shielding)
Development Schedule
Determine mirror and other system specifications
Produce concept and corresponding engineering
specification
Complete conceptual engineering design
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
XTOD Interfaces Have Been Defined
XTOD to Linac (1.1-504)
Vacuum, fluid interfaces
Mechanical Interfaces
Control Signals, electrical interfaces
Radiation & other environmental issues
XTOD to XES (1.1-507)
Vacuum & Mechanical interfaces for PPS
Control Signals
XTOD to Conventional Facilities (1.5-108)
HVAC ( thermal , humidity, gas supplies, exhaust
systems)
Mechanical, vibration
Electrical: Power, cable trays,communications
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Fast and Slow Valve Specifications
Fast Valve
VAT Series 77 Flap Shutter with
Pneumatic Actuator
Closes to less than 30 mTorr*L/s
within 15 ms
Opens to full size of beam pipe
2,000 cycles to first service
Slow Valve
VAT Series 48 All Metal Gate
Valve
Seals within 3 seconds
20,000 cycles to first service
Controls
VAT VF-2 Controller
VAT High Vacuum Sensor
EPICS Compatible
Meets or exceeds all requirements
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Fixed Mask Key Requirements
Define clear aperture for diagnostics as a
5 x 10 cm image at NEH (757.404 m)
Protect downstream equipment from noncentral radiation
Align aperture within 1 mm of beam position
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Fixed Mask Concept
Tantalum Mask – 5 cm thick
5 DOF Mount
6 Strut System
0.03mm Resolution
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
X-ray Slit Key Requirements
Defines precision aperture of x-ray laser
Able to choose any rectangular area inside clear
aperture of fixed mask – 0.16 mm or larger
10 micron linear resolution
Blocks aligns to beam axis within 29.5 arcseconds
Compatible with high vacuum environment
Opens to clear aperture for diagnostics
Compatible with EPICS control system
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
X-ray Slit General Specifications
Two pairs of slits
One horizontal
One vertical
Stages compatible with
1E-6 Torr
Slits open beyond
clear aperture
6 strut system can
yield 0.03 mm
resolution
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
X-ray Slit Movement Specifications
Linear motion
Radial motion
100 mm travel
1.25 m resolution
2 m accuracy
2 m repeatability
360 degree travel
3 arc-sec resolution
30 arc-sec accuracy
6 arc-sec repeatability
Horizontal Slit Block - B4C
Limit Switch (2)
Manual Rotary Stage
Limit Switch Adjuster (2)
Motorized Linear Stage
Motorized Rotary Stage
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Solid Attenuator Concept
256 attenuation levels
Eight beryllium slides
Each twice as thick as the
last (0.3 to 38.4 mm)
Up to 99.998% attenuation
of 8.26 keV x-rays
Millions of attenuation
levels when used with gas
attenuator
Pneumatically actuated
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Sample of Predicted Transmission Levels
Beryllium
X-ray Energy (eV)
8267
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
6906.442
3965.672
2398.152
1327.45
647.367
259.157
72.958
6.91
3.97
2.40
1.33
0.65
0.26
0.07
0.8812
0.8066
0.7067
0.5438
0.3003
0.0575
0.0001
Thickness (mm)
Transmission
Transmission
Transmission
Transmission
Transmission
Transmission
Transmission
0.0
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
0.3
0.95749
0.92714
0.88241
0.79772
0.62913
0.31424
0.01638
0.6
0.91679
0.85959
0.77865
0.63636
0.39581
0.09875
0.00027
0.9
0.87782
0.79696
0.68709
0.50764
0.24901
0.03103
0.00000
1.2
0.84051
0.73890
0.60630
0.40495
0.15666
0.00975
0.00000
1.5
0.80478
0.68506
0.53500
0.32304
0.09856
0.00306
0.00000
1.8
0.77057
0.63515
0.47209
0.25769
0.06201
0.00096
0.00000
2.1
0.73781
0.58887
0.41658
0.20557
0.03901
0.00030
0.00000
2.4
0.70645
0.54597
0.36760
0.16399
0.02454
0.00010
0.00000
2.7
0.67642
0.50619
0.32437
0.13081
0.01544
0.00003
0.00000
3.0
0.64767
0.46931
0.28623
0.10435
0.00971
0.00001
0.00000
Attenuation Length
(microns)
Attenuation Length (mm)
Transmission thru Gas
Attenuator at max
pressure
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
XTOD Vacuum System Requirements
Average Pressure
< 10 -5 Torr
Long Pump life time
> 10 yrs
Specified life time for
most ion pumps
@ 10 -6 Torr
> 50,000 hrs (~6 yrs)
0.30
0.25
0.20
Beam
Loss (%)
0.15
0.10
Design Point
0.05
0.00
0
2
4
6
8
Pressure (1E-6 Torr)
Design Tube Vacuum Level 3x10-6 Torr
Max Operating Level
6x10-6 Torr
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Specified life time for VacIon
Starcell @ 10 -6 Torr
> 80,000 hrs (~9 yrs)
Ion Pumps Operated
below 10 -6 Torr
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Sketch of 212-m tunnel
with pump locations
38 Flange Joints
57.8’
116.3’
58.15’
231.9’
24.85’
57.8’
57.8’
116.3’
58.15’
231.9’
57.8’
57.8’
116.3’
57.3’
58.15’
231.9’
718.5’
VACUUM VALVE
ION PUMP
TURBO PUMP
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
4” OD tube is in 10ft sections with metal gaskets.
At each pump, there are 7” bellows, 4” dia. cross,
and gate valve – all joined with metal gaskets.
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Turbo Pump and Support
Leak Check Valve
Cold Cathode Gauge, MKS 422
Bellows
Beam Tube, 4.00” OD X .083” W
6” Conflat Flange
4-Way Cross
Valve, VAT Series 48
DN 100 (4” ID, 6” Conflat)
Support
Varian V70LP Turbo Pump
Varian TriScroll 300 Pump
Flex Support
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Ion Pump and Support
Rupture Disk
Cold Cathode Gauge, MKS 422
Bellows
Beam Tube, 4.00” OD X .083” W
6” Conflat Flange
4-Way Cross
Varian StarCell 75 Ion Pump
Flex Support
Support
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Lumped parameter analysis
S(L/sec)=Q (Torr-L/sec) / P(Torr)
Total volume = 1603 L
Total area = 6.6x105 cm2 outgassing at
1x10-10 Torr-L/sec/cm2 after 100 hrs
110 - 4” gaskets each leak at 6x10-7 Torr-L/sec
Then Q=1.3x10-4 Torr-L/sec, total gas load
at 100 hrs (50% is from 110 seals)
So for a design pressure of 3x10-6 Torr then
with no conductance loss, S = 44 L/sec
But for a 106-m tube, C = 1 L/sec
so we need multiple pumps
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Pressure history is calculated at each
subvolume N for 100 hours
Model solves the gas load matrix with
N coupled differential equations 4 times
Roughing from 760 to 0.01 Torr for 5 hrs
Turbo pumping to below 10-5 Torr for 30 hours
Ion pumping in the -6 range to 100 hours
Failure of ion pumps for few minutes
Gas Load Balance: Vn dpn/dt =  Qn in –  Qn out for n =1,N
Where Qn in = leakage and time-dependent outgassing into n
Qn out = Cnm (Pn -Pm) where m is an adjacent volume
Or Qn out = (S Cnp / (S + Cnp) Pn
where Cnp is the conductance between n and the pump
and S (Pn) is the pressure dependent pump speed.
Methodology verified in experiment
Pressure gauges on APT at LANL verified the predictions
by the Mathematica model that was programmed to fit that geometry
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Model provides 100 hr history
of pressure at any location
100
Scroll
Pressure,
Torr
1
10-2
Turbo
10-4
Ion
. 10-6
10-8
100
1000
10000
1
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
100000
31
Time, sec
100 hrs
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Pressure profile with 6-75 L/s ion pumps at 100 hrs
1.2
1.0
Pressure,
10-6 Torr
0.8
0.6
0.4
Z, meters
50
100
150
200
For SnomimalTotal = 450 L/s, SnetTotal = 327 L/s
Theory: P=Q/S = 4.1 x10-7 Torr. The best that can be achieved.
Code: Pavg = 8.4 x10-7 Torr. So our design is efficient!
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Permanent turbo pumps can replace
failed ion pumps to keep P < 6 x 10-6 Torr
10-6 Torr
Pmax = 7.2 x 10-6 Torr (above specs)
Pmin = 3.7 x 10-7 Torr
Two failed
adjacent IPs
6
4
Pmax = 2.2 x 10-6 Torr (within specs)
Pmin = 3.2 x 10-7 Torr
10-6 Torr
2
0
Two failed adjacent IPs
with middle turbo on
50
100
150
200
Nsv
10-6 Torr
2
5
3
1
2
2 min
1
0
50
100
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
150
200
Nsv
0
UCRL-PRES-216590
400
800
seconds
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Torr
10
1, 2, or 3
turbos on
5
All working
-6
10
15
4th failed
Max
pressure
3rd,4th failed
2nd,4th failed
20
2nd,4th,5th
2nd,3rd
4th,5th
failed
25
3rd,4th,5th failed
failed
Turbo pumps reduce pressure below
design even when 4 ion pumps fail
Design pressure
during IP failure
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
number of working ion pumps
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Six 75 L/s ion pumps meets the reqs
with margin and reasonable costs
8
Max limit
6
Maximum
pressure 4
10-6 Torr
Single failure,
no backup
Design
limit
2
2
3
Normal
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Number of Ion Pumps
To optimize the system, number and pump size was
varied to keep 450 L/s total nomimal pumping
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
The XTOD Work Plan Will Complete the Tunnel and
Experimental Hall Mechanical & Vacuum Systems and
the 1st Half of FEE Systems in FY06
FYO6 Efforts
Design mechanical and vacuum systems through tunnel
Design FEE up to Diagnostic Package (Fast Valve, Fixed Mask, Slit, Solid & Gas
Attenuators, Ion Chambers)
Complete conceptual designs for FEL Offset, TEM, Spectrometer, Imagers
Design XTOD Controls systems (details up to FEE Diagnostic Package and the Tunnel)
Prototype Efforts for Gas Attenuator, Tunnel Vacuum System, and Total Energy Monitor
(TEM)
Complete Damage Study
Continue simulation efforts of physics models and to support engineering specifications
Prepare procurement package for all final design systems
FY07,FY08 Efforts
Final Design for FEE- Diagnostic Package and FEL Offset System (Nov 07)
Complete XTOD Controls
Procure, Build, Test, and ship all systems to SLAC
(Beneficial Occupancy Dates: FEE-Oct. ’07, NEH-June ’07, Tunnel- Oct ’07, Sept ‘07)
Refine simulation models and support commissioning activities
XTOD Commissioning
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Several Key XTOD Technical
Documents/Specifications Have Been Completed
“LCLS Spontaneous Radiation with Reflection
along the Beam Line in the Undulator Pipes “,
Kirby Fong
“The LCLS Gas Attenuator”, D.D. Ryutov
“Photoluminescence as a way of non-destructive
imaging at the LCLS facility”, D.D. Ryutov
“Indirect Imager Requirements”, M. Pivovaroff
“SiC Mirror Specifications”, M. Pivovaroff
“Commissioning Diagnostics Specifications”, R.
Bionta
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]
Summary
FEE layout has stabilized including FEL Offset System
TTF Damage experiment has been conducted (SiC, B4C )
Significant progress on upstream FEE systems and Tunnel
Prototype efforts on the Total Energy Monitor are yielding
promising results
Prototype efforts for Gas Attenuator to begin in November
Controls efforts are keeping pace developing entire XTOD
system layouts, alignment of XTOD controls with LCLS
standards, and installation of EPICS at LLNL
October 24-26, 2005
XTOD Configuration Overview
UCRL-PRES-216590
Donn H. McMahon
[email protected]