Transcript Current UNSD Work by Alexander Blackburn

Alex Blackburn
UNSD
10th Oslo Group Meeting
10-13 May 2016
Aguascalientes, Mexico
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy
Current work of UNSD
 Making publications IRES-compliant
 SDGs:
 International process
 The energy goal
 Technical cooperation
 Biomass review
IRES-compliant books
 Old energy Yearbook used “consumption” for something similar to
Total Energy Supply, and “commercial energy” which is no longer
distinguished in IRES. (Etc.)
 The book has now been updated to agree completely with IRES
terminology
 Energy Balances and Electricity Profiles (previously the same
publication) split and revised, now IRES-compliant too
SDGs: Historical Context
 As a follow-on to the Millennium Development Goals
(which spanned 2000-2015 and did not include
energy), the post-2015 development agenda was
negotiated and agreed by the UN General Assembly in
2015
 Statistics is at the forefront
Measuring the SDGs
 At the 46th session, the Statistical Commission
established the Inter-Agency Expert Group on the
Sustainable Development Goals (IAEG-SDGs)
 The group comprises member states, with
international and regional organisations as observers
(national ownership is key)
 Its mandate is to develop an indicator framework to
measure the 17 goals and 169 targets
 Indicators for each target have now been proposed and
classified into three tiers, relating to status of
methodology and data collection
SDG7 and its Targets
 Sustainable Development Goal 7: Ensure access to
affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
 Broken down into three main targets (plus two additional targets
relating to means of implementation)
 Target 7.1: By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable
and modern energy services
 Target 7.2: By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable
energy in the global energy mix
 Target 7.3: By 2030, double the rate of improvement in energy
efficiency
Unlike some other goals, the targets for Energy are (reasonably)
clear to measure, established methodology exists and indicators
are already available (thus all tier I)
SDG7: Process for indicators
 For SDG 7, inputs have been coordinated by leading
agencies and umbrella groups on energy statistics, such
as:
 UNSD, UN-Energy, SE4all, Worldbank
 Some representatives also attended as observers at the
IAEG meetings to present the inputs
SDG7: Process for indicators
 Inputs provided so far:
 Proposals for indicators that have agreed methodology
and existing data collections
 Arguments against other proposed indicators that did
not
 Metadata for energy indicators
 Currently still being discussed by the IAEG – with
inputs provided by the energy agencies:
 Finalization of metadata
 Organization of data collection process at world-wide
level and identification of lead agencies
 Indicators for means of implementation (7.a and 7.b)
are still under review
 (Current proposals are out of scope of actual energy
statistics and are Tier III)
SDG 7 indicators
 7.1.1: % of population with electricity access
 7.1.2 % of population with primary reliance
on clean fuels and technology
 7.2.1: renewable energy share in total final
energy consumption (%)
 7.3.1: energy intensity measured in terms of
primary energy and GDP
The SE4all Global Tracking
Framework brings data
together from different
sources
World Bank
WHO
IEA & UNSD
energy balances
SDGs: IAEG work plan
 Sub-groups set up on SDMX, Geospatial information,




interlinkages between goals
The IAEG-SDGs will develop a plan to review the
indicator framework to present to the next UNSC.
The data flows from national to international level are
still to be determined, as are baseline years
Tier III indicator proposals to be made by July and
finalised by September
Data disaggregation (by income, sex, urban vs rural
etc.) is seen as key to reflect the “no-one left behind”
approach. Is this relevant/possible for energy?
SDG7: UNSD technical cooperation
 Two regional workshops in 2015 organised by UN DESA’s




Division for Sustainable Development, in Panama and
Korea
Title: “Mainstreaming energy SDGs, targets and indicators
into statistical programmes of countries”
A great way to promote IRES as a practical tool, highlights
the benefits of harmonisation
Allowed countries to see how others are integrating the
SDG targets into their statistics systems
A third workshop for African countries is planned for June;
China workshop in 2 weeks will cover similar topics
SDGs, Green Economy
 With so many SDG indicators and just a few related to
energy, UNSD launched a project on the Green Economy
that includes energy as one of its priorities:
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/greeneconomy/
 Goal of the project is to strengthen national statistical
systems in developing countries
 to enable them to effectively produce statistical indicators on
green economy and green growth in the context of
sustainable development.
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Green economy energy indicators
 The green economy project focuses on indicators more purely derived from
energy statistics.
 In this respect, they align with the SDG ones while being a bit more detailed.
2.2
Energy
Core set
2.2.1 Energy productivity [US$ per ktoe]
No
2.2.2 Energy consumption per capita [total or final]
Yes
2.2.3
Energy intensity by sector [manufacturing, transport, households,
services]
No
2.2.4 Renewable energy supply [% total energy supply ,TES]
Yes
2.2.5 Renewable electricity [% total electricity generation]
No
2.2.6 Fuelwood, production [thousand cubic metres]
No
2.2.7 Proportion of bioenergy in total renewable energy production
No
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Green Economy Conclusion
 Countries must identify policy priorities and goals, then
strengthen their national statistical systems in order to
provide relevant indicators
 Energy GEIs will not be enough for national purposes,
even if they are more detailed than SDG7
 Countries are thus encouraged to complement these
indicators with those relevant to their circumstances
14
Biomass Review
 Primary Solid Biofuels are 7.9% of Global TES (2013),
but 48% of African TES, and as high as 90%+ in some
countries
 Fuelwood is the majority of this, around 63%
 But there are very big differences between IEA, UNSD
and FAO numbers
World fuelwood production
2000-2013
35,000
68%
33,000
66%
31,000
Perajoules
29,000
62%
27,000
60%
25,000
58%
23,000
56%
21,000
54%
19,000
52%
17,000
15,000
50%
2000
IEA
2001
2002
2003
2004
FAO (1) wood fuel only
2005
2006
UNSD
2007
2008
2009
2010
FAO (2) all categories
2011
2012
2013
FAO (1) / IEA (%)
FAO (1) / IEA % ratio
64%
Data collected
Products
Definitions (FAO)
Wood Fuel (C
and NC)
Coniferous and non-coniferous
fuelwood:
roundwood that will be used as fuel for purposes
such as cooking, heating or power production
Chips and
Particles
Wood that has been reduced to small pieces and is
suitable for pulping, for particle board and/or
fibreboard production, for use as a fuel, or for
Wood
Residues
Wood Pellets
Other
Agglomerates
Recovered
postconsumer
wood
other purposes.
Other wood processing co-products. It includes
wood waste and scrap not useable as timber and
wood residues that will be used for production of
pellets and other agglomerated products
Agglomerates produced either directly by
compression or by the addition of a binder in a
proportion not exceeding 3% by weight. Such
pellets are cylindrical, with a diameter not
exceeding 25 mm and a length not exceeding 100
mm.
Agglomerates other than wood pellets, for example
briquettes or logs.
It comprises any waste wood fibre after at least one
life cycle. It comprises wood from construction,
renovation and demolition, but also packaging as
well as old furniture
FAO
IEA/UNSD
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
(only if
used as a
source of
energy)
Yes
Yes
No
Units of measurement
 UNSD data on fuelwood are collected in thousand cubic
metres
 FAO data on wood fuel, chips and particles and wood
residues are collected in cubic metres. Data on wood pellets
and other agglomerates are collected in metric tons. Data
are collected separately for each product.
 IEA data on fuelwood are collected in TJ (as a memo item,
part of primary solid biofuels)
For the purposes of this comparison the NCV used to convert data into
terajoules is 9.135 TJ/1000 cubic metre.
Fuelwood production, 2013
Major countries
4,500
4,000
3,500
Petajoules
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
India
China
Nigeria
United
States
Indonesia
Ethiopia
Brazil
Dem. Rep.
Congo
Pakistan
Un. Rep.
Tanzania
IEA
FAO - Wood Fuel
FAO - Wood Fuel, Chips and Particles, Wood Residues, Wood Pellets and Other Agglomerates
FAO - Wood Fuel, Chips and Particles, Wood Residues, Wood Pellets, Other Agglomerates and Recovered Post-Consumer Wood (from
JWEE)
Why the differences?
Some theories:
 Use of a standard NCV across countries and products, could
be (very) wrong?
 Scope of the data collection, possible exclusion/inclusion of
products used/not used for energy
 Post-consumer recovered wood is explicitly excluded from
the FAO statistics
 Estimation methods: 82% of FAO fuelwood production is
from modelled data (official data 15%, unofficial sources
3%). IEA data can be estimated/modelled too.
 Which estimates are less wrong?
THANKS
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy/default.htm
http://unstats.un.org/sdgs/