Transcript 2320Lecture27.pptx

Are All Subliminal Messages
Intentionally Inserted?
• These messages tend not to be clear
and obvious
Are All Subliminal Messages
Intentionally Inserted?
• These messages tend not to be clear
and obvious
• Could it be that our brains mistakenly
see or hear messages that aren’t really
there?
Are All Subliminal Messages
Intentionally Inserted?
• These messages tend not to be clear
and obvious
• Could it be that our brains mistakenly
see or hear messages that aren’t really
there?
• Do brains make stuff up!?
Are All Subliminal Messages
Intentionally Inserted?
• These messages tend not to be clear
and obvious
• Could it be that our brains mistakenly
see or hear messages that aren’t really
there?
• Do brains make stuff up!?
Absolutely! All the time.
Are All Subliminal Messages
Intentionally Inserted?
• Is there really a
dog or are the
spots enough
like a dog for
your brain to fill
in the rest?
Are All Subliminal Messages
Intentionally Inserted?
• Some other examples brains making
guesses with your perception
• Missing fundamental, color constancy, Kaniza
triangle,the blindspot, illusory conjunctions,
misinformation effect, false memories
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• How did Vokey and Read test the idea
that subliminal messages might just be
a case of mistaken perception?
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• They examined passages from various
sources (Jabberwokey and the 23rd
Psalm) played backwards to identify
candidate messages
The “subliminal” message is:
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• They examined passages from various
sources (Jabberwokey and the 23rd
Psalm) played backwards to identify
candidate messages
The “subliminal” message is: “saw a girl with a weasel in her mouth”
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• Listeners were given each passage
(backwards) and asked to listen for 12
possible messages
• Listeners detected “messages” in the
appropriate passage
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• Interpretation: Your brain is remarkably
good at “active construction” of patterns
amid a background of noise.
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• Interpretation: Your brain is remarkably
good at “active construction” of patterns
amid a background of noise.
• Creative listening by (well-meaning?)
public censors can go very wrong
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• Consider the trial of Judas Priest
– Band sued for inserting the message “do it”
which allegedly lead to the suicide of two
teens
Listen for “Do It”
The “do its”
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• Consider the trial of Judas Priest
– Band sued for inserting the message “do it”
which allegedly lead to the suicide of two
teens
• Band acquitted on the basis of expert
testimony
Expert Testimony !
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• With enough
creativity and
patience one
can see
“subliminal
messages” just
about anywhere:
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• Our perceptual mechanisms are great
at extracting meaningful images from
noisy stimuli. For example - the famous
face on Mars:
Viking, 1976
Subliminal “Messages” Where
you Least Expect Them
• Given a clearer picture it looks a lot less
like a face:
Mars Global
Surveyor, 2001
Summary
RETRIEVAL
ATTENTION
Senso
ry
Signal
s
Sensory
Memory
ShortTerm
Memory
LongTerm
Memory
REHEARSAL