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分詞構句
(Participial Construction)
應英三丙4A0C0105 黃月樺
何謂分詞構句
由副詞子句簡化而來
兼具形容詞片語和副詞子句的性質,用
以修飾句子中的主詞以及動詞的分詞片語
句子中的連接詞:表示時間先後關係、因果
關係、條件、讓步或附帶情況
何謂分詞構句
表時間: when, as, while, after, before ..
表原因: because, since, as, for...
表條件: if
表讓步: although, though, even though,
even if, if, whether
表附帶情況: and
分詞構句通常不加連接詞,但有時為了使分詞
片語與主要子句的關係更清楚,亦可在分詞片
語前加上連接詞。
分詞構句三步驟
去掉連接詞
去掉副詞子句的主詞(前後句的主詞『相同』)
(若主詞不相同,前後句的主詞保留)
動詞改為分詞
主動→現在分詞(Ving)
被動→過去分詞(p.p)
分詞構句三步驟
遇到助動詞
do/does/did →刪去
has/have/had →現在分詞 having
若分詞為 being/having been →可省略
前面
否定詞(not/never)放在分詞(Ving/p.p)
Sentence pattern
連接詞+主詞(S) +動詞(V)…,主詞+動詞…
→Ving(主動),S+V…
→ P.P(被動),S+V…
Examples (S相同)
當我去市中心的時候,我碰巧遇見了他。
When I went downtown, I happened to meet him.
改成分詞構句
→When I went downtown, I happened to meet him.
going
→Going downtown, I happened to meet him.
Examples (S相同)
因為女孩不知道怎麼解決這個問題,所以她決定找老
師幫忙。
Because the girl did not know how to solve this
problem, the girl decided to ask teachers for help.
改成分詞構句
→ Because the girl did not know how to solve this
Not knowing
problem, the girl decided to ask teachers for help.
→Not knowing how to solve this problem, the girl
decided to ask teachers for help.
Examples (S不同)
因為John抓到了工作的竅門,我會讓他獨當一面。
As John gets the hang of the job, I'll leave him to carry
on under his own steam.
改成分詞構句
→ As John gets the hang of the job, I'll leave him to
getting
carry on under his own steam.
→ John getting the hang of the job, I'll leave him to
carry on under his own steam.
Exercise
(B) Feeling tired, he decided to take a rest.
1. ________
(A) Because felt
(B) Feeling
(C) Felt
(D) Because feeling
(C) permitting we’ll go picnicking.
2. The weather __________,
(A) is permits
(B) permitted
(C) permitting
(D) was permitting
Exercise
(A) Not catching the train, we decided to cancel
3. ____________
our plan and went home.
(A) Not catching
(B) didn’t catching
(C) caught
(D) Because caught
Being tired with the work, I sat down to rest.
4. (B)
_______
(A) Be
(B) Being
(C) Been
(D) Was