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分詞構句
（Participial Construction）
應英三丙4A0C0105 黃月樺
何謂分詞構句
 由副詞子句簡化而來
 兼具形容詞片語和副詞子句的性質，用
以修飾句子中的主詞以及動詞的分詞片語
句子中的連接詞:表示時間先後關係、因果
關係、條件、讓步或附帶情況
何謂分詞構句
 表時間: when, as, while, after, before ..
 表原因: because, since, as, for...
 表條件: if
 表讓步: although, though, even though,
even if, if, whether
 表附帶情況: and
分詞構句通常不加連接詞，但有時為了使分詞
片語與主要子句的關係更清楚，亦可在分詞片
語前加上連接詞。

分詞構句三步驟
 去掉連接詞
 去掉副詞子句的主詞（前後句的主詞『相同』)
(若主詞不相同，前後句的主詞保留）
 動詞改為分詞
主動→現在分詞(Ving)
被動→過去分詞(p.p)
分詞構句三步驟
遇到助動詞
do/does/did →刪去
has/have/had →現在分詞 having
若分詞為 being/having been →可省略
前面
否定詞(not/never)放在分詞(Ving/p.p)
Sentence pattern
連接詞+主詞(S) +動詞(V)…，主詞＋動詞…
→Ving（主動），Ｓ＋Ｖ…
→ P.P（被動），Ｓ＋Ｖ…
Examples (Ｓ相同)
 當我去市中心的時候，我碰巧遇見了他。
When I went downtown, I happened to meet him.
改成分詞構句
→When I went downtown, I happened to meet him.

going
→Going downtown, I happened to meet him.
Examples (Ｓ相同)
 因為女孩不知道怎麼解決這個問題,所以她決定找老
師幫忙。
Because the girl did not know how to solve this
problem, the girl decided to ask teachers for help.
 改成分詞構句
→ Because the girl did not know how to solve this
Not knowing
problem, the girl decided to ask teachers for help.
→Not knowing how to solve this problem, the girl
decided to ask teachers for help.
Examples (Ｓ不同)
 因為John抓到了工作的竅門，我會讓他獨當一面。
As John gets the hang of the job, I'll leave him to carry
on under his own steam.
 改成分詞構句
→ As John gets the hang of the job, I'll leave him to
getting
carry on under his own steam.
→ John getting the hang of the job, I'll leave him to
carry on under his own steam.
Exercise
(B) Feeling tired, he decided to take a rest.
1. ________
(A) Because felt
(B) Feeling
(C) Felt
(D) Because feeling
(C) permitting we’ll go picnicking.
2. The weather __________,
(A) is permits
(B) permitted
(C) permitting
(D) was permitting
Exercise
(A) Not catching the train, we decided to cancel
3. ____________
our plan and went home.
(A) Not catching
(B) didn’t catching
(C) caught
(D) Because caught
Being tired with the work, I sat down to rest.
4. (B)
_______
(A) Be
(B) Being
(C) Been
(D) Was