Transcript Ch 19.3 Notes

Chapter 19 Section 3
free energy- energy that is available to do work
spontaneous reactions- occur naturally and favor
the formation of products at specific conditions
-release free energy
-page 550 figure 19.16
non-spontaneous reactions- reactions that do not
favor the formation of products
entropy- disorder of a system
ex- handful of marbles is ordered, drop them and
they are disordered with high entropy
Law of Disorder- processes move in the
direction of maximum disorder or randomness
Law of Disorder on Atoms and Molecules
1) entropy of a gas of a given substance is greater
than that of the liquid or solid of the same
substance
-b/c of distance of particles
2) entropy increases when a substance is divided
into parts
-ex- salt dissolved in water, particles
are more separated
3) entropy increases when temp increases
-movement of molecules increases
4) increase if # of moles of product is greater than
moles of reactant