What is Chemistry and Scientific Method
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Transcript What is Chemistry and Scientific Method
CHEMISTRY!!
What
is it?? Why are we here??
“are all chemicals bad?”
No,
but some can be dangerous
Chemicals are everywhere
Which
brings us to…
What is Chemistry?
the
study of matter and the changes
that it undergoes.
What is Matter?
anything
that has mass and takes up
space
What is Mass?
a
measurement of the amount of
matter in an object
Mass verses Weight
They
are related, but what’s the
difference?
Mass
is universal, weight depends on
gravity
Weight
= mass times the gravitational pull
Branches of Chemistry
Organic
Inorganic
Analytical
Physical
Biochemical
Organic
Area
of Emphasis
Most carbon-containing chemicals
Examples:
Pharmaceuticals
Plastics
Inorganic
Area
of Emphasis
In general, matter that does not
contain carbon
Examples:
Minerals
Metals and nonmetals
Semi-conductors
Analytical
Area
of Emphasis
Components and composition of
substances
Examples:
Food Nutrients
Quality Control
Physical
Area
of Emphasis
The behavior and changes of
matter and the related energy
changes
Examples:
Reaction Rates
Reaction Mechanisms
Biochemical
Area
of Emphasis
Matter and processes of living
organisms
Examples:
Metabolism
Fermentation
Next, the Scientific
Method
Why do we have the
scientific method?
Gives us logical steps to follow to
assist us in answering a question.
What are the “steps”?
Observe
and Develop a question
Conduct background research and observe
Form a hypothesis and observe
Observe and Test using an experiment
Make observations and collect data
Analyze your results
Observe and Draw conclusions
Report results and test again
5 EASY steps
1.
State the problem (ask a question)
2. Come up with a hypothesis
3.
Must be testable
Must be in “if / then” format
Experiment
4. Collect and Analyze Data
5. Form conclusions (reflect back to your
hypothesis!!!!!)
Parts of an experiment
Some Vocab
Independent Variable
Part
of the experiment that the scientist
changes
What is being tested
There is only one independent variable at
a time.
Dependent Variable
Part of the experiment that
changes because of the
independent variable
Control
Part of the experiment that does
not receive the independent
variable
Constants
Part of the experiment that remain
the same for every part of the
experiment
Types of Data
Quantitative
Data that is numerical in nature
Qualitative
Data that is descriptive in nature
An example experiment
A
person wants to test whether music can
help make plants grow. The person plants
several seeds from the same batch into
identical flower pots with identical potting
soil, watering schedule and light supply.
One flower pot is isolated from the sound
supply, while the other pots are subjected
to various types of music. After 1 month,
the “healthiness” of each plant is
measured.