Transcript emotion-vq.ppt

Voice Quality and Emotion
• Perceptual coloring
– Derived from a variety of laryngeal and
supralaryngeal features
– modal, creaky, whispered, harsh, breathy, ...
• Correlates with emotion
– Laver ‘80, Scherer ‘86, Murray& Arnott ’93,
Laukkanen ’96, Johnstone & Scherer ’99,
Gobl & Chasaide, ‘03, Fernandez ‘00
Phonation Gestures
• Adductive tension:
interarytenoid
muscles adduct the
arytenoid muscles
• Medial compression:
adductive force on
vocal processesadjustment of
ligamental glottis
• Longitudinal pressure:
tension of vocal folds
Modal Voice
• “Neutral” mode
• Muscular adjustments moderate
• Vibration of vocal folds periodic, full
closing of glottis, no audible friction
• Frequency of vibration and loudness in low
to mid range for conversational speech
Tense Voice
• Very strong tension of
vocal folds, very high
tension in vocal tract
Whispery Voice
• Very low
adductive tension
• Medial
compression
moderately high
• Longitudinal
tension
moderately high
• Little or no vocal
fold vibration
• Turbulence
generated by
Creaky Voice
• Vocal fold vibration at
low frequency,
irregular
• Low tension (only
ligamental part of
glottis vibrates)
• The vocal folds
strongly adducted
• Longitudinal tension
weak
• Moderately high
Breathy Voice
• Tension low
– Minimal adductive
tension
– Weak medial
compression
• Medium longitudinal
vocal fold tension
• Vocal folds do not
come together
completely, leading to
frication
Estimating Voice Quality
• Estimate wrt controlled neutral quality
– But how do we know the control is truly “neutral”?
– Must must match the natural laryngeal behavior to
laboratory “neutral”
• Our knowledge of models of vocal fold
movements may be inadequate for describing
real phonation
• Known relationships between acoustic signal
and voice source are complex
– Only can observe behavior of voicing indirectly so
prone to error.
– Direct source data obtained by invasive techniques