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Reporter:Chia-Wei Lin (林家瑋)
Teacher:Wei-Tung Liao
Date:2014/06/04
Outline
• Introduction
• Materials
• Experimental
• Results and discussion
• Conclusions
Outline
• Introduction
• Materials
• Experimental
• Results and discussion
• Conclusions
Introduction(1)
• Polypropylene (PP) is a widely used polyolefin owing
to its low cost , properties such as stiffness, low
specific gravity, non-toxicity and resistance to
corrosive chemicals
• Although PP functionalisation can be carried out in a
number of ways, the melt-state or reactive extrusion
technique is preferred because of its low cost, ease of
control and potential for high reaction rates
Introduction(2)
• Process monitoring can yield a large amount of
information regarding the structure of products, the
kinetics of the reaction, the concentration of the
monomers or products, the morphology and rheology
of the polymer such as viscosity and the molecular
weight, the flow properties, concentration of additives
and colour of the products
Outline
• Introduction
• Materials
• Experimental
• Results and discussion
• Conclusions
Materials
• PP
• Maleic anhydride (MAH) monomer
• Dicumyl peroxide (DCP)
• Dibutylhydroxyphenylpropionic acid stearyl
ester
Outline
• Introduction
• Materials
• Experimental
• Results and discussion
• Conclusions
Experimental
• Thermo Haake Minilab Rheomex CTW5 laboratory scale
extruder connected to a Nicolet Nexus NIR spectrometer
• PP pellets, monomer(s) (3.5~7 wt%), and initiator (0.25~0.5
wt%). and then a total of 4 g of the mixture was introduced to
the Minilab extruder
• The temperature of the cylinder was set at 200,210,220 0C
• The screw speed was fixed at 30 rpm.
•
For 90 min collected NIR spectrum and a viscosity
measurement were every 2 min
Experimental
Purification
1. In the first method
• 20–30 mg of the sample was placed in an oven under high
vacuum, at 110 C for 24 h
2. In the second method
• A small amount of sample was dissolved in xylene at 140 C,
refluxed for 4 h and the sample was dried in a vacuum oven at
110 C for 24 h..
Outline
• Introduction
• Materials
• Experimental
• Results and discussion
• Conclusions
Results and discussion
-(C=O)
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Results and discussion
Conclusions
• The similarity between these results demonstrated that
the presence of DCP does not change the mechanism of
the reaction.
• no change in viscosity occurred during 15 min graft
processing in the absence of DCP or in the presence of
low concentrations of DCP (<0.25 wt%), where a
further decrease in viscosity occurred after 15 min
• It was found that the presence of the initiator DCP
increased the concentration of macro-radicals and led to
a large increase in scission reactions resulting in a
dramatic reduction in melt viscosity
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