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Motivators That Do not Motivate:
The test study
N98C0007 Hugh 曾信豪
Dornyei and Otto’s (1998)
Process Model of SL Motivation
Preactional phase (choice motivation
that precedes any action)
Actional phase (executive motivation
that influences the level of language
effort)
Postactional phase (critical
retrospection after action is completed)
Sample size
Correlation coefficients fluctuate from sample to
sample, much more so in small samples than in
large. Therefore, the reliability of factor analysis is
also dependent on sample size.
Field (2005) reviews many suggestions about the
sample size necessary for factor analysis and
concludes that it depends on many things.
In general over 300 cases is probably adequate but
communalities after extraction should probably be
above 0.5 (see Field, 2005).
300 students in STUT
RQ1
Does the designed questionnaire fit
the Dornyei and Otto’s process model
of SL motivation?
Descriptives
Extration
Rotation
Factor Scores
Options
Descriptive Statistics
KMO and Bartlett’s test
Values between 0.7 and 0.8 are good
Total Variance Explain
Scree Plot
Rotated Component Matrix
Preactional Orientation
Actional Orientation
Postactional Orientation
Interpretation
The designed questionnaire fits the
the Dornyei and Otto’s process model
of SL motivation.
RQ2
Does the designed preactional phrase
subscale result in the three types of
motivation: instrumental, integrative
and required?
Descriptives
Extration
Rotation
Factor Scores
Options
Descriptive Statistics
Instrumental Orientation
Required Orientation
Integrative Orientation
KMO and Bartlett’s test
Values between 0.7 and 0.8 are good
Total Variance Explain
Scree Plot
Rotated Component Matrix
Instrumental Orientation
Required Orientation
Required Orientation
Interpretation
Basically, the preactional phrase
subscale resulted in the three types of
motivation.
However, there might be some
questions in the parts of Q7 pass
elective class and Q9 travel overseas.
RQ3
Does actional phrase subscale result
in the three types of expectancy: past ,
present and future?
Descriptive Statistics
Past expectancy
Present expectancy
Future expectancy
KMO and Bartlett’s test
Values between 0.8 and 0.9 are great!
Total Variance Explain
Scree Plot
Rotated Component Matrix
Past expectancy
Present expectancy
Future expectancy
Interpretation
The actional phrase subscale resulted
in the two types of expectancy.
The past and present expectancy can
be concluded in one category called
“existed” expectancy ( Hugh, 2011)
which plays an important role in
mediating SL motivation.
SEM Model