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Ch 6. APA Style
What is APA?
APA stands for “American Psychological
Association”
APA is shorthand for the writing style manual
published by the APA: The Publication Manual
of the American Psychological Association
What is a style manual and who needs one?
 Support the unique research and writing methods of each
discipline and profession
 Reduce misunderstandings by setting consistent guidelines
recognized by readers all over the world
 To guide researchers, writers, and readers through a sciencebased method of inquiry.
 It is intended to support the underlying principles of objectivity,
transparency, ethics, and clarity.
 Adopted in other fields—notably education, business, and
undergraduate nursing—that share similar research protocols.
Why so many guides? Why can’t everyone use the same one?
 In order to meet the needs of other disciplines or
professions.
 Use of the APA ensures that STU students had a solid
stylistic foundation for their academic and
professional writing.
What’s in the APA that I need to know? (1)
 Along with other useful information, the manual
contains the following essential sections:
1. The “Writing Clearly and Concisely” section (pp.
61-84) is an excellent guide to getting ideas across
clearly, effectively, and objectively.
2. “Mechanics of Style” section (pp. 87-114) lays out
the rules of punctuation, spelling, and capitalization,
among other things, as they apply in your discipline.
No guesswork.
What’s in the APA that I need to know? (2)
3. The “Crediting Sources” section (pp. 169-189)
explains methods for documenting credible research
sources in an academically ethical way.
4. The “Reference Examples” section (pp. 193-244)
provides dozens of examples for listing sources on
your reference page in such as way that readers can
identify and retrieve them.
5. The index (pp. 259-272) helps you locate specific
information in the manual.
What is a Scholarly Source?
 Sources consulted for scholarly papers generally...
1. Have been reviewed by professional experts (peers,
juries) in the field of study.
2. Contain content regarded as scholarly by
professionals in the field.
3. Are archived (stored for availability) for a
significant length of time.