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Chapter 5
Bioenergetics: The Flow of
Energy in the Cell
Cells Need Energy to Cause Six
Different Kinds of Changes
• Synthetic Work- Changes in chemical bonds
• Mechanical Work- Changes in location or orientation of
a cell or a subcellular structure
• Concentration Work- Movement of molecules across a
membrane against a concentration gradient.
• Electrical Work- Movement of ions across a membrane
against an electochemical gradient.
• Heat- An increase in temperature that is useful to warmblooded animals.
• Bioluminescence- The production of light.