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Four Gateways: Rethinking Tokugawa Isolation © 2016 Program for Teaching East Asia, University of Colorado EZOCHI Matsumae JOSEON KOREA TOKUGAWA JAPAN Tsushima Kyōto Ōsaka Edo Nagasaki MING/QING CHINA Satsuma RYŪKYŪ Created using a satellite image from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 2 The Chinese and Dutch in Nagasaki Dejima, 1820 Painting. PHGCOM. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DejimaInNagasakiBay.jpg This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. 3 Dejima (Dutch trading post) Chinese warehouses Tōjin yashiki (Chinese residence) Map of the City of Nagasaki. 1764. National Archive of the Netherlands. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Plattegrond_van_de_Stad_van_Nakasaki.jpg This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 100 years or less, including the United States. 4 Korean (Joseon) Diplomatic Missions to Japan Chōsen Tsūshin-shi Raichō-zu. Painting by Tōei Hanegawa, depicting the procession of the 1748 Joseon missions to Japan in Edo. City of Kobe Museum, Hajime Ikenaga Gallery. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg. This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or less, including the United States. 5 Ryūkyū Kingdom (Okinawa) Ryūkyū Court Music. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:琉球宫廷音乐.jpg. This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or less, including the United States. 6 Ezochi and the Ezo peoples (Ainu) Ainus on a Matsumae Border Customs. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ezo#/media/File:Ainus.j pg. This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or less, including the United States. 7