Transcript Vaccinations

Topic 3054
Vaccinations: What are they ?
How do we give them?
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Vaccinations
• A vaccination is injection of some agent
into an animal
• Disease resistance
• Stimulates an animal’s own immune system
into action
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Living Viruses
• Stimulate antibody production
• Living (unmodified) viruses are actual
living when administered
• If dangerous virus, administered
with “antiserum”
• Living viruses confer and effective and
lasting immunity
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Killed and Inactive Viruses
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Administered to susceptible animal
Stimulate active immunity in animal
Response usually strong
Repeat every 12 months
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Modified Viruses (MLV)
• Contains live viruses
• Changed to not cause disease,
stimulate antibody
• Collected from unnatural host
other than host animal
• Effective and long lasting immunity
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Bacterin and Toxoids
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Made of killed preparation
Will not cause disease or spread
Lower power to confer immunity
Inactivated, altered toxins
Long lasting protection against tetanus and
enterotoxemia
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Antisera
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Includes antotoxins
Blood serums containing antibodies
Injected into unprotected animals
Stimulating antibody formation
Creates “passive” antibodies
Short lived
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Administering Agents
• Read labels carefully
• Use medication on correct animals and side
effects
• Be aware of brand names vs generic names
• Use proper amount of medication
• Storage instructions and check expiration
date
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Methods of application
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Sprays and dust
Inhalation
By mouth (oral)
Drinking water
Absorption
Injection
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Methods of Injections
• Intramuscular (IM)
-Most commonly used
• Subcutaneous (Sub-Q)
-Directly under the skin
• Intradermal (ID)
-Between layers of skin
• Intravenous (IV)
-Directly into the blood vessel
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