Transcript 566STOICIOMETRY#1

STEP THREE: CONVERT
OBJECTIVE TO UNITS.
STEP ONE: CONVERT KNOWN
TO MOLES.
CONVERT TO MASS
RECOGNIZE:
MASS
CONVERT TO MOLES
GIVEN IS A MASS
IN GRAMS, ANY
PHASE.
MOLES = MASS/GFM
RECOGNIZE:
CONVERT TO MOLES
GIVEN IS A GAS (g)
VOLUME AT STP
MOLES =VOL(L)/22.4L
(ATOMS OR
MOLECULES)
RECOGNIZE:
VOLUME AND
MOLARITY
GIVEN IS AN AQUIOUS
SOLUTION (aq)
RATIO MOLES GIVEN TO
MOLES OBJECTIVE TO
SOLVE FOR
MOLES OF OBJECTIVE
USE COEFFICIENT OF
BALANCED REACTION
VOL = MOLES * 22.4
CONVERT TO
PARTICLES
PARTICLES =
MOLES * 6.02 * 1023
RECOGNIZE
PARTICLES
STEP TWO: MOLE RATIO
CONVERT TO GAS VOL
STP GAS
GIVEN IS IN
MASS = MOLES * GFM
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES = PARTICLES
6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
VOLUME = MOLES/ M
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOLUME * M
CALCULATE THE YEILD OF NH3 in grams IF 8 GRAMS OF H2
REACTS COMPLETLEY WITH EXCESS NITROGEN.
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
STEP THREE: CONVERT
OBJECTIVE TO UNITS.
STEP ONE: CONVERT KNOWN TO
MOLES.
RECOGNIZE:
GIVEN IS A MASS IN
GRAMS, ANY
PHASE.
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS A GAS (g)
VOLUME AT STP
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS IN
PARTICLES
(ATOMS OR
MOLECULES)
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS AN
AQUIOUS
SOLUTION (aq)
CONVERT TO MASS
CONVERT TO MOLES
STEP TWO: MOLE RATIO
MASS = MOLES * GFM
MOLES = MASS/GFM
CONVERT TO GAS VOL
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOL(L)/22.4L
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES = PARTICLES
6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOLUME * M
RATIO MOLES GIVEN TO
MOLES OBJECTIVE TO
SOLVE FOR
MOLES OF OBJECTIVE
USE COEFFICIENT OF
BALANCED REACTION
VOL = MOLES * 22.4
CONVERT TO
PARTICLES
PARTICLES =
MOLES * 6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
VOLUME = MOLES/ M
CALCULATE THE YEILD OF NH3 in grams IF 8.0 GRAMS OF H2 REACTS
COMPLETLEY WITH EXCESS NITROGEN.
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
STEP 1 Identify known (the substance that can be converted to moles), choose
the correct equation to convert to moles. In this problem 8.0 grams of H2 is a given
mass.
MOLES = MASS/GFM
MOLES = 8.00g/ 2.0 g/mol
MOLES = 4.0 mol
STEP 2 RATIO known to objective, use reaction coefficients to compare H2
known) to NH3 (objective).
H2 = 3 =
NH3
2
4.0 mol
X
,
X = 2.66 mol NH3
STEP 3 Convert Objective to required units. Convert ammonia from MOLES to
GRAMS.
MOLES = MASS/GFM
2.66 = MASS/ 17.0 g/mol
MASS = 45. g
CALCULATE THE REQUIRED VOLUME
OF H2 GAS AT STP TO PRODUCE 40 GRAMS OF NH3?
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
STEP THREE: CONVERT
OBJECTIVE TO UNITS.
STEP ONE: CONVERT KNOWN TO
MOLES.
RECOGNIZE:
GIVEN IS A MASS IN
GRAMS, ANY
PHASE.
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS A GAS (g)
VOLUME AT STP
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS IN
PARTICLES
(ATOMS OR
MOLECULES)
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS AN
AQUIOUS
SOLUTION (aq)
CONVERT TO MASS
CONVERT TO MOLES
STEP TWO: MOLE RATIO
MASS = MOLES * GFM
MOLES = MASS/GFM
CONVERT TO GAS VOL
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOL(L)/22.4L
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES = PARTICLES
6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOLUME * M
RATIO MOLES GIVEN TO
MOLES OBJECTIVE TO
SOLVE FOR
MOLES OF OBJECTIVE
USE COEFFICIENT OF
BALANCED REACTION
VOL = MOLES * 22.4
CONVERT TO
PARTICLES
PARTICLES =
MOLES * 6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
VOLUME = MOLES/ M
CALCULATE THE REQUIRED VOLUME
OF H2 GAS AT STP TO PRODUCE 40.0 GRAMS OF NH3?
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
STEP 1 Identify known (the substance that can be converted to moles), choose
the correct equation to convert to moles. In this problem 40 grams of NH3 is a
given mass.
MOLES = MASS/GFM
MOLES = 40.0g/ 17.0 g/mol MOLES = 2.352 mol NH3
STEP 2 RATIO known to objective, use reaction coefficients to compare H2
known) to NH3 (objective).
H2 = 3 =
NH3
2
X
,
2.352
X = 3.528 mol H2
STEP 3 Convert Objective to required units. Convert hydrogen from MOLES to
STP gas Volume..
VOLUME = MOLES * 22.4L V = 3.528 mol H2 * 22.4L /mol
V = 79.03 L
CALCULATE THE MASS OF HYDROGEN REQUIRED TO
PRODUCE 67.2 L OF AMMONIA AT STP.
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
STEP THREE: CONVERT
OBJECTIVE TO UNITS.
STEP ONE: CONVERT KNOWN TO
MOLES.
RECOGNIZE:
GIVEN IS A MASS IN
GRAMS, ANY
PHASE.
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS A GAS (g)
VOLUME AT STP
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS IN
PARTICLES
(ATOMS OR
MOLECULES)
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS AN
AQUIOUS
SOLUTION (aq)
CONVERT TO MASS
CONVERT TO MOLES
STEP TWO: MOLE RATIO
MASS = MOLES * GFM
MOLES = MASS/GFM
CONVERT TO GAS VOL
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOL(L)/22.4L
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES = PARTICLES
6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOLUME * M
RATIO MOLES GIVEN TO
MOLES OBJECTIVE TO
SOLVE FOR
MOLES OF OBJECTIVE
USE COEFFICIENT OF
BALANCED REACTION
VOL = MOLES * 22.4
CONVERT TO
PARTICLES
PARTICLES =
MOLES * 6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
VOLUME = MOLES/ M
CALCULATE THE MASS OF HYDROGEN REQUIRED TO
PRODUCE 67.2 L OF AMMONIA AT STP.
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
STEP 1 Identify known (the substance that can be converted to moles), choose
the correct equation to convert to moles. In this problem 67.2 L OF AMMONIA IS
GIVEN(KNOWN) GAS VOLUME.
VOLUME = MOLES * 22.4L 67.2 = mol NH3 * 22.4L /mol
MOL NH3 = 3
STEP 2 RATIO known to objective, use reaction coefficients to compare H2
known) to NH3 (objective).
H2 = 3 =
NH3
2
X
3
,
X = 4.50 mol H2
STEP 3 Convert Objective to required units. Convert hydrogen from MOLES to
MASS.
MOLES = MASS/GFM
4.5 MOLES = MASS/ 2.0 g/mol MASS = 9.00
GRAMS H2
CALCULATE THE REQUIRED VOLUME
OF N2 GAS AT STP TO PRODUCE 12.04 * 1023 MOLECULES OF
NH3?
N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g)
STEP THREE: CONVERT
OBJECTIVE TO UNITS.
STEP ONE: CONVERT KNOWN TO
MOLES.
RECOGNIZE:
GIVEN IS A MASS IN
GRAMS, ANY
PHASE.
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS A GAS (g)
VOLUME AT STP
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS IN
PARTICLES
(ATOMS OR
MOLECULES)
RECOGNIZE
GIVEN IS AN
AQUIOUS
SOLUTION (aq)
CONVERT TO MASS
CONVERT TO MOLES
STEP TWO: MOLE RATIO
MASS = MOLES * GFM
MOLES = MASS/GFM
CONVERT TO GAS VOL
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOL(L)/22.4L
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES = PARTICLES
6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
MOLES =VOLUME * M
RATIO MOLES GIVEN TO
MOLES OBJECTIVE TO
SOLVE FOR
MOLES OF OBJECTIVE
USE COEFFICIENT OF
BALANCED REACTION
VOL = MOLES * 22.4
CONVERT TO
PARTICLES
PARTICLES =
MOLES * 6.02 * 1023
CONVERT TO MOLES
VOLUME = MOLES/ M
CALCULATE THE REQUIRED VOLUME
OF N2 GAS AT STP TO PRODUCE 12.04 * 1023 MOLECULES OF NH3?
N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g)
STEP 1 Identify known (the substance that can be converted to moles), choose
the correct equation to convert to moles. In this problem 12.04 * 1023 MOLECULES
(PARTICLES) OF NH3 IS THE KNOWN.
MOL= PART/6.02*1023
MOL=12.04*1023 / 6.02*1023
MOLES = 2.000 MOL NH3
STEP 2 RATIO known to objective, use reaction coefficients to compare N2
known) to NH3 (objective).
N2 = 1 =
NH3
2
X
,
2.000
X = 1.000 mol N2
STEP 3 Convert Objective to required units. Convert hydrogen from MOLES to
STP gas Volume..
VOLUME = MOLES * 22.4L V = 1.000 mol H2 * 22.4L /mol
V = 22.40 L