Transcript Halkier Algarve May 2011

Tourism Policy and
Knowledge Processes
Exploring European Case Studies
1. Re-conceptualising tourism policy
2. Tourism policy and knowledge dynamics:
Comparative perspectives
3. Knowledge-based tourism policy strategies
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
RE-CONCEPTUALISING
TOURISM POLICY
Widespread typologies (Fayos-Solá, Hall)
• generational approach
– boosterism, economic, community, sustainable
• multi-dimensional ideal-types
A certain unease
• not with the sources but with application
• discursive ‘game of labels’
• over-looking variation and contradictions
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
RE-CONCEPTUALISING
TOURISM POLICY
Points of departure
• new institutionalism (North)
• network theory (Rhodes)
• discourse analysis (Åkerstrøm Andersen)
• policy analysis (Hogwood, Hood)
Point of reference
• institutionalist approach to regional policy
– H Halkier: Institutions, Discourse and Regional
Development, Peter Lang 2006
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
RE-CONCEPTUALISING
TOURISM POLICY
Socioeconomic
context
State/region
Tourists
Competitors
Destination
Sponsoring
Strategy
Resources
DMO
Organisation
Aims
Instruments
Knowledge
Targets
Focus on three central relations
• the destination and its political, social, economic contexts
• the destination and its destination management
organisation (DMO)
• the DMO and it targets among firms, workforce, tourists,
institutions
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
TOURISM CONTEXTS 1
Attraction
Cultural
Organisation
Natural
Individual Ruhr heritage
Achterhoek rural
Skaane film
North DK coastal
Antalya branding
North DK museums
Collective Antalya football
Antalya coastal
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
TOURISM CONTEXTS 1
Attraction
Cultural
Organisation
Natural
Individual Ruhr heritage
Achterhoek rural
Skaane film
North DK coastal
Antalya branding
North DK museums
Collective Antalya football
Antalya coastal
Individual-cultural
Individual-natural
Collective-cultural
Collective-natural
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
TOURISM CONTEXTS 2
North DK
Antalya
Skaane
Ruhr
Achterhoek
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
STRATEGIC AIMS
Communication
Continuity
Service/
Continuity Service strategy
experience
Change
Change
Marketing strategy
Innovation strategy Branding strategy
Individual-cultural
Individual-natural
Collective-cultural
Collective-natural
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
POLICY TARGETS
Target capabilities
Hardware
Target
institutions
Software
Orgware
Individuals
Firms
System
Individual-cultural
Individual-natural
Collective-cultural
Collective-natural
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
POLICY INSTRUMENTS
Rules /
Authority
resources
Information
Finance
Organisation
Mandatory
Conditional
Voluntary
Individual-cultural
Individual-natural
Collective-cultural
Collective-natural
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
KNOWLEDGE IMPACT
Analytical
Synthetic
Symbolic
Exploration
Examination
Exploitation
Individual-cultural
Individual-natural
Collective-cultural
Collective-natural
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism policies compared
CONCLUSIONS
Existing policies key features: Across contexts
• focus on development of new services
• instruments/networks knowledge intensive
– growing importance of knowledge input/competences
Rooms for knowledge-oriented improvement
• networked DMOs
– with local SMEs and extra-regional/international links
• creative generation of market/trend intelligence
– private partners and public knowledge institutions
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]
Tourism Policy and
Knowledge Processes
Exploring European Case Studies
For draft written paper:
[email protected]
Read more about EURODITE:
www.eurodite.bham.ac.uk
Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, [email protected]